महाभारत भीष्म पर्व अध्याय 41 श्लोक 1-3

ekachatvariansh (41) adhyay: bhishm parv (shrimadbhagavadgita parv)

Prev.png

mahabharat: bhishm parv: ekachatvariansh adhyay: shlok 1-3 ka hindi anuvad

shraddha ka aur shastr viparit ghor tap karane valoan ka varnan, ahar, yajn, tap aur dan ke prithakh-prithakh bhed tatha om, tath, sath ke prayog ki vyakhya

shrimadbhagavadgita a‍dhyay 17


sambandh- gita ke solahavean adhyay ke arambh mean shribhagavan ne arjun se nishkam-bhav se sevan kiye jane vale shastravihit gun aur acharanoan ka daivisampada ke nam se varnan karake phir shastraviparit asusi sampada ka kathan kiya. sath hi asur-svabhav vale purushoan ko narakoan mean girane ki bat kahi aur yah batalaya ki kam, krodh, lobhi hi asuri sampada ke pradhan avagun haian ye tinoan hi narakoan ke dvar haian inaka tyag karake jo atmakalyan ke liye sadhan karata hai, vah param gati ko prapt hota hai. isake anantar yah bhi kaha ki jo shastravidhi ka tyag karake manamane dhang se apani samajh se jisako achchha karm samajhata hai, vahi karata hai, use apane un karmoan ka phal nahian milata. ab arjun sochate haian yah to thik hi hai parantu aise log bhi to ho sakate haian, jo shastravidhi ka to n janane ke karan athava any kisi karan se tyag kar baithate haian tatha yajn-poojadi shubh karm shraddhapoorv karate haian, unaki kya sthiti hoti hai is jijnasa ko vyakt karate hue arjun bhagavan se poochhate haian- arjun bole- he krishn! jo shraddha se yukt manushy shastravidhi ko tyagakar devadi ka poojan karate haian,[1] unaki sthiti phir kaun-si hai sattvik hai athava rajasi kianva tamasi.[2]

shri bhagavan bole- he arjun! manushyoan ki vah shastriy sanskaroan se rahit keval svabhav se utpann shraddha sattviki aur rajasi tatha tamasi- aise tinoan prakar ki hi hoti hai. usako too mujhase sun. he bharat! sabhi manushyoan ki shraddha unake antahkaran ke anuroop hoti hai. yah purush shraddhamay hai, isaliye jo purush jaisi shraddha vala hai, svayan bhi vahi hai.[3] sambandh-shraddha ke anusar manushyoan ki nishtha ka svaroop batalaya gaya isase yah janane ki ichchha ho sakati hai ki aise manushyoan ki pahachan kaise ho ki kaun kis nishtha vala hai. is par bhagavan kahate haian.

Next.png

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. yadyapi shastravidhi ke tyag ki bat gita ke solahavean adhyay ke teeesavean shlok mean bhi kahi ja chuki thi aur yahaan bhi kahate haian par in donoan ke bhav mean b da aantar hai. vahaan avahelanapoorvak kiye janane vale shastravidhi ke tyag ka varnan hai aur yahaan n janane ke karan hone vale shastravidhi ke tyag ka hai. unako to shastr ki paravah hi nahian hai atah ve manamane dhang se jis karm ko achchha samajhate haian, use karate haian. isiliye vahaan ‘vartat kamakaratah’ kaha gaya hai parantu yahaan ‘yajante shraddhayanvitaah’ kaha hai, atah in logoan mean shraddha hai. jahaan shraddha hoti hai, vahaan avahelana nahian ho sakati. in logoan ko paristhiti aur vatavaran ki pratikoolata se, avakash ke abhav se athava parishram tatha adhyayan adi ki kami se shastravidhi ka jnan nahian hota aur is ajnata ke karan hi inake dvara usaka tyag hota hai.
  2. jo shastr ko n janane ke karan shastravidhi ka tyag karake shraddha ke sath poojan adi karane vale haian, ve kaise svabhav vale haian- daiv svabhav vale ya asur svabhav vale isaka spashtikaran pahale nahian hua. atah usi ko samajhane ke liye arjun ka yah prashn hai ki aise logoan ki sthiti sattvik hai athava rajasi ya tamasi arthat ve daivi sampada vale haian ya asuri sampada vale. oopar ke vivechan yah pata lagata hai ki sansar mean nimnalikhit paanch prakar ke manushy ho sakate haian-

     
    (1) jinamean shraddha bhi hai aur jo shastravidhi ka palan bhi karate haian, aise purush do prakar ke haian- ek to nishkam bhav se karmoan ka acharan karane vale aur doosare sakamabhav se karmoan ka acharan karane vale. nishkamabhav se acharan karane vale daivisampadayukt sattvik purush moksh ko prapt hote haian; isaka varnan pradhanataya gita ke solahavean adhyay ke pahale tin shlokoan mean tatha in adhyay ke gyarahavean, chaudahavean se satarahavean aur bisavean shlokoan mean hai. sakamabhav se acharan karane vale sattvamishrit rajas purush siddhi, sukh tatha svargadi lokoan ko prapt hote haian inaka varnan gita ke doosare adhyay ke bayalisavean, taiyalisavean aur chauvalisavean mean, chauthe adhyay ke barahavean mean, satavean ke bisavean, ikkisavean aur baeesavean aur navean adhyay ke bisavean, ikkisavean aur teeesavean tatha is adhyay ke barahavean, atharahavean aur ikkisavean shlokoan me haian.
    (2) jo log shastravidhi ka kisi aansh mean palan karate hue yajn, dan, tap adi karm to karate haian, parantu jinamean shraddha nahian hoti, un purushoan ke karm asat (nishphal) hote haian; unhean is lok aur paralok mean un karmoan se koee bhi labh nahian hota. isaka varnan gita ke is adhyay ke atthaeesavean shlok mean kiya gaya hai.
    (3) jo log ajnata ke karan shastravidhi ka to tyag karate haian, paranh‍tu jinamean shraddha hai, aise purush shraddha ke bhed se sattvik bhi hote haian aur rajas tatha tamas bhi. inaki gati bhi inake svaroop ke anusar hi hoti hai. isaka varnan is adhyay ke doosare, tisare, aur chauthe shlok mean kiya gaya hai.
    (4) jo log n to shastr ko manate haian aur n jinamean shraddha hi hai. isase jo kam, krodh aur lobh ke vash hokar apana papamay jivan bitate hai, ve asuri-sampada vale log narakoan me girate haian tatha nich yoniyoan ko prapt hote haian. unaka varnan gita ke satavean adhyay ke pandrahavean shlok mean, navean ke barahavean mean, solahavean adhyay ke satavean se lekar bisavean tak mean aur is adhyay ke paanchavean, chhathe aur terahavean shlok mean hai.
    (5) jo log avahelana se shastravidhi ka tyag karate haian aur apani samajh se unh‍hean jo achchha lagata hai, vahi karate haian, un yathechchhachari purushoan mean jinake karm shastranishiddh hote haian, un tamas purushoan to narakadi durgati ki prapti hoti hai aur jinake karm achchhe hote haian, un purushoan ko shastravidhi ka tyag kar dene ke karan koee bhi phal nahian milata. isaka varnan gita ke solahavean adhyay ke teeesavean shlok mean kiya gaya hai. dhyan rahe ki inake dvara jo papakarm kiye jate haian, unaka phal-tiryak yoniyoan ki prapti aur narakoan ki prapti-avashy hota hai.

    in paanch prakar ke manushyoan ke varnan mean pranamasvaroop jin shlokoan sanket kiya gaya hai, unake atirikt anyany shlokoan mean bhi inaka varnan hai parantu yahaan un sabaka ullekh karane se bahut vistar ho jata, isaliye nahian kiya gaya.

  3. purush ka vastavik svaroop to gunatit hi hai parantu yahaan us purush ki bat hai, jo prakriti mean sthit hai aur prakriti se utpann tinoan gunoan se sambandh hai kyoanki gunajany bhed ‘prakritisth purush’ mean hi sambhav haian. jo gunoan se pare hai, usamean to gunoan ke bhed ki kalpana hi nahian ho sakati. yahaan bhagavan yah batalate haian ki jisaki antahkaran ke anuroop jaisi sattviki, rajasi ya tamasi shraddha hoti hai.- vaisa hi us purush ki nishtha ya sthiti hoti hai. arthat jisaki jaisi shraddha hai. vahi usaka svaroop hai. isase bhagavan ne shraddha, nishtha aur svaroop ekata karate hue ‘unaki kaun-si nishtha hai’ arjun ke is prashn ka uttar diya.

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

   a    a    i    ee    u    oo    e    ai    o    au    aan    k    kh    g    gh    n    ch    chh    j    jh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    p    ph    b    bh    m    y    r    l    v    sh    sh    s    h    ksh    tr    jn    rri    rri    aau    shr    aah