nimbarkachary
| |
poora nam | nimbarkachary |
any nam | niyamananhd |
janm | 1250 ee. (lagabhag) |
abhibhavak | pita- shri arun muni, mata- jayanti devi. |
karm bhoomi | bharat |
karm-kshetr | adhyatm |
mukhy rachanaean | 'vedantasaurabh', 'vedantakamadhenudashashlok' ye do granhth hi upalabhdh haian. inake atirikht 'gitabhashhy', 'krishhnashtavaraj', 'guruparamhpara', 'vedanhtatathvabodh', 'vedanhtasiddhanhtapradip', 'shvadharmadhhvabodh', 'aitihyatathvasiddhanht', 'radhashhtak' adi. |
prasiddhi | sant, darshanik |
vishesh | nimbarkachary ko bhagavan soory ka avatar kaha jata hai. kuchh log inako bhagavan ke sudarshan chakr ka bhi avatar manate haian tatha inake pita ka nam shri jagannath batalate haian. |
any janakari | aisa prasiddh hai ki nimbarkachary ke upanayan ke samay narad ne inhean shri gopal mantr ki diksha pradan ki tatha shrikrishnopasana ka upadesh diya. inake guru devarshi narad the tatha narad ke guru shrisanakadi the. isaliye inaka sampraday 'sanakadi sampraday' ke nam se prasiddh hai. |
nimbarkachary 'vaishnav sampraday' ke pravartak achary ke roop mean prakhyat haian. yah jnatavy hai ki vaishnavoan ke pramukh char sampradayoan mean 'nimbark sampraday' bhi ek hai. isako 'sanakadik sampraday' bhi kaha jata hai. aisa kaha jata hai ki nimbark dakshin bharat mean godavari nadi ke tat par vaidoory pattan ke nikat (pandarapur) arunashram mean shri arun muni ki patni shri jayanti devi ke garbh se utpann hue the. katipay vidvanoan ke anusar dravi d desh mean janm lene ke karan nimbark ko 'dravi dachary' bhi kaha jata tha.
jivan parichay
'dvaitadvaitavad' ya 'bhedabhedavad' ke pravartak achary nimbark ke vishay mean samanyat: yah mana jata hai ki unaka janm 1250 ee. mean hua tha. shrinimbarkachary ki mata ka nam jayanti devi aur pita ka nam shri arun muni tha. inhean bhagavan soory ka avatar kaha jata hai. kuchh log inako bhagavan ke sudarshan chakr ka bhi avatar manate haian tatha inake pita ka nam shri jagannath batalate haian. vartaman anveshakoan ne apane pramanoan se inaka jivan-kal gyarahavian shatabdi siddh kiya hai. inake bhakt inaka janm kal dvapar ka manate haian. inaka janm dakshin bharat ke godavari ke tat par sthit vaidooryapattan ke nikat arunashram mean hua tha.
aisa prasiddh hai ki inake upanayan ke samay svayan devarshi narad ne inhean shri gopal-mantr ki diksha pradan ki thi tatha shrikrishnopasana ka upadesh diya tha. inake guru devarshi narad the tatha narad ke guru shrisanakadi the. isaliye inaka sampraday 'sanakadi sampraday' ke nam se prasiddh hai. inake mat ko 'dvaitadvaitavad' kahate haian. nimbark ka janm bhale hi dakshin mean hua ho, kintu unaka kary kshetr mathura raha. mathura bhagavan shrikrishn ki janmabhoomi rahi, at: bharat ke pramukh saanskritik kendroan mean mathura ka apana niji sthan rahata chala aya hai. nimbark se pahale mathura mean bauddh aur jainoan ka prabhutv ho gaya tha. nimbark ne mathura ko apana kary kshetr banakar yahaan pun: bhagavat dharm ka pravartan kiya.
'dvaitadvait' ya 'nimhbark samhpraday' ke pravartak
vaishhnavoan ke pramukh char samhpradayoan mean se ek samhpraday hai- 'dvaitadvait' ya 'nimhbark samhpraday'. nishchit roop se yah mat bahut prachin kal se chala a raha hai. shrinimhbarkachary ji ne paramhpara prapht is mat ko apani pratibha se ujhjhval karake lok prachalit kiya, isi se is dvaitadvait mat ki 'nimhbark samhpraday' ke nam se prasiddhi huee.
brahm sarvashaktiman haian aur unaka sagunabhav hi mukhhy hai. is jagat ke roop mean parinat hone par bhi ve nirvikar haian. jagat se atit roop mean ve nirgun haian. jagat ki srishti, sthiti evan lay unase hi hote haian. ve jagat ke nimitht evan upadan karan haian. jagat unaka parinam hai aur ve avikrit parinami haian. jiv anu hai aur brahm ka aansh hai. brahm jiv tatha j d se athyanht prithak aprithak bhi haian. jiv bhi brahm ka parinam tatha nithy hai. is srishtichakr ka prayojan hi yah hai ki jiv bhagavan ki prasanhnata evan unaka darshan prapht kare. jiv ke samasht khleshoan ki nivritti evan paramananhd ki prapti bhagavan ki prapti se hi hogi. brahm ke sath apane tatha jagat ke abhinhnathv ka anubhav hi jiv ki mukhtavashtha hai. yah bhagavathprapti se hi samhpanhn hoti hai. upasana dvara hi brahm ki prapti hoti hai. brahm ka sagun evan nirgun donoan roopoan mean vichar kiya ja sakata hai, kiantu jiv ki mukti ka sadhan bhakti hi hai. bhakti se hi bhagavan ki prapti hoti hai. sathkarm evan sadachar ke dvara shuddhachitht mean jab bhagavathkatha evan bhagavan ke gunagan-shravan se bhagavan ki prasanhnata prapht karane ki ichhchha jagrat hoti hai, tab mumukshu purush sadguru ki sharan grahan karata hai. guru dvara upadishht upasana dvara shuddhachitht mean bhakti ka prakaty hota hai. yahi bhakti jiv ko bhagavathprapti karakar mukht karati hai.
- gopalamantr ki diksha
tho de mean dvaitadvait mat ka sar yahi hai. bhagavan narayan ne hansashvaroop se brahma ji ke putr sanak, sananhdan, sanatan evan sanathkumar ko isaka upadesh kiya. sanakadi kumaroan se ise devarshi narad ne paya aur devarshi ne isaka upadesh nimhbarkachary ji ko kiya. yah is samhpraday ki paramhpara hai. nimhbarkachary ne apane brahmasootroan ke bhashhy mean "ashmadh gurave naraday" kaha hai. sanakadi kumaroan ka bhi unhhoanne shmaran kiya hai, usi granhth mean guru paramhparaoan mean. devarshi narad ne nimhbarkachary ko "gopalamantr" ki diksha di, aisi manhyata hai.
samay kal
bhakhtoan ke mat se dvapar mean aur samhpraday ke kuchha vidvanoan ke mat se vikram ki paanchavian shatabhdi mean nimhbarkachary ka pradurbhav hua. dakshin bharat mean vaidooryapathtan param pavitr tirth hai. ise 'dakshinakashi' bhi kahate haian. yahi shthan ekanath ki janhmabhoomi hai. yahian shriarunamuni ji ka arunashram tha. arunamuni ki pathni jayanhtidevi ki god mean jis divhy kumar ka avirbhav hua, usaka nam pahale 'niyamananhd' hua aur yahi age shrinimhbarkachary ji ke nam se prakhhyat hue. nimhbarkachary ke jivanavritht ke vishay mean isase adhik jnat nahian hai. ve kab grih thyagakar braj mean aye, isaka kuchh pata nahian hai. braj mean shrigiriraj govardhan ke samip dhruvakshetr mean unaki sadhana-bhoomi hai.
- sankshipt katha
ek din samip ke shthan se ek danhdi mahathma achary ke samip padhare. do shashtrajn mahapurush parashpar mile to shashtracharcha chalani shvabhavik thi. samay ka donoan mean se kisi ko dhhyan nahian raha. saanyakal ke pashhchat achary ne atithi yati se prasad grahan karane ke liye nivedan kiya. sooryasht hone ke pashhchat niyamat: yati ji bhiksha grahan nahian kar sakate the. unhhoanne asamarthata prakat ki. paranhtu achary ji nahian chahate the ki unake yahaan akar ek vidvan atithi uposhit rahe. ashram ke samip ek nim ka vriksh tha, sahasa us vriksh par se charoan or prakash phail gaya. aisa laga jaise nim ke vriksh par sooryanarayan prakat ho gaye haian. koee nahian kah sakata ki achary ke yogabal se bhagavan soory vahaan prakat ho gaye the ya shrikrishhnachanhdr ka kotisooryasamaprabh sudarshan chakr, jisake achary moort avatar the, prakat ho gaya tha. atithi ke prasad grahan kar lene par sooryamanhdal adrishhy ho gaya. is ghatana se achary nimhbadithy ya nimhbark nam se vikhhyat hue. achary ka yah ashram ‘nimhbagram’ kaha jata hai. yah govardhan ke samip ka nimhbagram hai, maant ke samip ka nimagaanv nahian. ve yati ji us samay jahaan ashram banakar rahate the, vahaan aj 'yatipura' athava 'jatipura' namak gram hai.
rachanaean
nimhbarkachary ka vedanhtasootroan par bhashhy 'vedantasaurabh' aur 'vedantakamadhenudashashlok' ye do granhth hi upalabhdh haian. ye donoan granhth hi athyanht sankshipht haian. inake atirikht gitabhashhy, krishhnashtavaraj, guruparamhpara, vedanhtatathvabodh, vedanhtasiddhanhtapradip, shvadharmadhhvabodh, aitihyatathvasiddhanht, radhashhtak adi kee granhth achary ne likhe the.
guru-shishy parampara
nimhbarkachary ke shishhy hue 'nivasachary'. inhhoanne achary ke brahmasootr bhashy par 'vedantakaustubh' namak granhth likhakar usaki vhyakhhya ki. is vedanhtakaushtubh ki tika age chalakar kashhmiri keshav bhattachary ji ne ki. shrinivasachary ke pashhchat shishhy paramhpara se ghyarahavean achary hue devachary ji. inhhoanne 'vedanhtajahnavi' tatha 'bhaktirathnavali' namak do granhth likhe, jinaka samhpraday mean athyanht samhman hai. devachary ke do shishhy hue- sunhdar bhattachary tatha vrajabhooshan devachary. in donoan acharyoan ki paramhpara age chalakar vishtirn huee. sunhdar bhattachary ki shishhy paramhpara mean satrah bhattachary achary hue. inamean solahavean kashhmiri keshav bhattachary hue. kashhmiri keshav bhattachary ke shishhy bhattaji ne 'yugal-shatak' ki rachana ki. yahi granhth 'adi vani' kaha jata hai. bhattaji ke bhratrivanshaj goshvami ab bhi nimhbark samhpraday ki sidhi paramhpara mean hi haian. bhattaji ke pradhan shishhy harivhyas hue. inake anuyayi age chalakar apane ko 'harivhyasi' kahane lage. harivhyas ke barah shishhy hue, jinamean shobhooramadevachary apani pramukh visheshataoan ke karan ulhlekhaniy haian. inamean se shobhooramadevachary ki shishhy paramhpara mean chatur-chinhtamani ki paramhpara is samay desh mean adhik vhyapak hai.
parashuramadevachary maharaj ki paramhpara ko hi sarveshhvar ki archa prapht hai aur nimhbark samhpraday ke pithadhipati isi paramhpara ke achary hote haian. braj mean jo rasalila ka vartaman mean prachar hai, vah ghamanhdadevachary ki bhavukata se pradurbhoot paramhpara hai. shrilaparagopaladevachary ji ke shishhy shrigiridharisharanadevachary ji jayapur, ghvaliyar adi anekoan rajakuloan ke guru hue haian. shriharivhyasadev ji ki yah shishhy paramhpara hai. unake bhratrivanshaj apane ko 'harivhyasi' nahian manate. ve nimhbark samhpraday ki sidhi paramhpara mean haian. shri devachary ji ke doosare shishhy shrivrajabhooshanadevachary ji ki paramhpara mean shrirasikadev ji tatha shriharidas ji hue haian. aisi bhi manhyata hai ki mahakavi jayadev isi paramhpara mean haian. shrirasikadev ji ke aradhhy shrirasikavihari ji tatha shriharidas ji ke aradhhy shribaankebihari ji haian. shriharidas ji ke anuyayiyoan ki ek paramhpara ke log apane ko 'haridasi' kahate haian. inaka mukhhy pranami samhpraday ke adyachary shriprananath ji ki jivani mean unako haridas ji ka shishhy kaha gaya hai. is prakar 'krishhn-pranami' paramhpara bhi nimhbark samhpraday ki haridas ji ki paramhpara ki hi shakha hai. is pranami samhpraday ka mukhhy pith panhna, bunhdelakhanhd mean hai.
nimhbarkachary ji tatha unaki paramhpara ke adhikaansh acharyoan ki yah pradhan visheshata rahi hai ki unhhoanne doosare acharyoan ke mat ka khanhdan nahian kiya hai. devachary ji ne hi apane granhthoan mean 'advaitamat' ka khanhdan kiya hai. shrinimhbarkachary ji ne prashthanatrayi ke shthan par prashthanachatushhty ko praman mana aur usamean bhi chaturth prashthan 'shrimadbhagavat' ko param praman shvikar kiya. anek vitarag, bhavuk bhagavadbhakht is paramhpara mean sada hi rahe haian.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj