द्वारका

dvarikadhish mandir, dvaraka, gujarat

dvaraka dakshin-pashchim gujarat rajy, pashchim-madhy bharat ka prasiddh nagar hai. yah kathiyava d prayadvip ke chhote pashchimi vistar, okhamandal prayadvip ke pashchimi tat par sthit hai. dvaraka kee dvaroan ka shahar (sanskrit mean dvaraka ya dvaravati) ko jagat ya jigat ke roop mean bhi jana jata hai. dvaraka bhagavan krishn ki pauranik rajadhani thi, jinhoanne mathura se palayan ke bad isaki sthapana ki thi. isaki pavitrata ke karan yah sat pramukh hiandoo tirthasthaloan mean se ek hai, halaanki is nagar ke mool mandiroan ko 1372 mean dilli ke shasakoan ne nasht kar diya tha. nagar ka adhikaansh rajasv tirthayatriyoan se milata hai; jvar-bajara, ghi, tilahan aur namak yahaan ke bandaragah se jahazoan dvara bheje jate haian. vastut: dvaraka do haian-

  1. gomati dvaraka
  2. bet dvaraka, gomati dvaraka dham hai, bet dvaraka puri hai. bet dvaraka ke lie samudr marg se jana p data hai.

manyata hai ki dvaraka ko shrikrishn ne basaya tha aur mathura se yaduvanshiyoan ko lakar is sanpann nagar ko unaki rajadhani banaya tha, kiantu us vaibhav ke koee chihn ab nahian dikhaee dete. kahate haian, yahaan jo rajy sthapit kiya gaya usaka rajyakal mukhy bhoomi mean sthit dvaraka arthat gomati dvaraka se chalata tha. bet dvaraka rahane ka sthan tha. (yahaan samudr mean jvar ke samay ek talab pani se bhar jata hai. use gomati kahate haian. isi karan dvaraka gomati dvaraka bhi kahalati hai). yah bharat ki sat pavitr puriyoan mean se ek haian, jinaki soochi nimnaankit hai:

ayodhya mathura maya kashi kashi avantika.
puri dvaravati jaiv saptaita mokshadayika:॥

kushasthali

  • gujarat ka dvaraka shahar vah sthan hai jahaan 5000 varsh poorv bhagavan krishn ne mathura chho dane ke bad dvaraka nagari basaee thi. jis sthan par unaka niji mahal 'hari grih' tha. vahaan aj prasiddh dvarakadhish mandir hai. isalie krishn bhaktoan ki drishti mean yah ek mahan tirth hai.
  • dvaraka ka prachin nam hai. pauranik kathaoan ke anusar maharaja raivatak ke samudr mean kush bichhakar yajn karane ke karan hi is nagari ka nam kushasthali hua tha. bad mean trivikram bhagavan ne kush namak danav ka vadh bhi yahian kiya tha. trivikram ka mandir dvaraka mean ranachho daji ke mandir ke nikat hai. aisa jan p data hai ki maharaj raivatak (balaram ki patni revati ke pita) ne pratham bar, samudr mean se kuchh bhoomi bahar nikal kar yah nagari basaee hogi.

Blockquote-open.gif manyata hai ki dvaraka ko shrikrishn ne basaya tha aur mathura se yaduvanshiyoan ko lakar is sanpann nagar ko unaki rajadhani banaya tha, kiantu us vaibhav ke koee chihn ab nahian dikhaee dete. Blockquote-close.gif

  • harivansh puran [1] ke anusar kushasthali us pradesh ka nam tha jahaan yadavoan ne dvaraka basaee thi.
  • vishnu puran ke anusar,[2] anart ke revat namak putr hua jisane kushasthali namak puri mean rah kar anart par rajy kiya. vishnu puran [3] se soochit hota hai ki prachin kushavati ke sthan par hi shrikrishn ne dvaraka basaee thi.
'kushasthali ya tav bhoop ramya puri purabhoodamaravativ, sa dvaraka sanprati tatr chaste s keshavaansho baladevanama'.
  • kushavati ka any nam kushavart bhi hai. ek prachin kianvadanti mean dvaraka ka sanbandh 'punyajanoan' se bataya gaya hai. ye 'punyajan' vaidik 'panik' ya 'pani' ho sakate haian. anek vidvanoan ka mat hai ki panik ya pani prachin gris ke phinishiyanoan ka hi bharatiy nam tha. ye log apane ko kush ki santan manate the[4]. is prakar kushasthali ya kushavart nam bahut prachin siddh hota hai. puranoan ke vanshavritt mean sharyatoan ke mool purush sharyati ki rajadhani bhi kushasthali bataee gee hai.
  • mahabharat, [5] ke anusar kushasthali raivatak parvat se ghiri huee thi-'kushasthali puri ramya raivatenopashobhitamh'. jarasandh ke akraman se bachane ke lie shrikrishn mathura se kushasthali a ge the aur yahian unhoanne nee nagari dvaraka basaee thi. puri ki raksha ke lie unhoanne abhedy durg ki rachana ki thi jahaan rah kar striyaan bhi yuddh kar sakati thian.
'tathaiv durgasanskaran devairapi durasadamh, striyoapiyasyaan yudhyeyu: kimu vrishnimaharatha:'.[6]
  • bhagavan krishn ke jivan se sambandh hone ke karan isaka vishesh mahattv hai. mahabharat ke varnananusar krishn ka janm mathura mean kans tatha doosare daityoan ke vadh ke lie hua. is kary ko poora karane ke pashchath ve dvaraka (kathiyava d) chale gaye. aj bhi gujarat mean smartt dhang ki krishnabhakti prachalit hai. yahaan ke do prasiddh mandir 'ranachho daray' ke haian, arthath us vyakti se sambandhit haian jisane rrin (karj) chhu da diya. isamean jarasandh se bhay se krishn dvara mathura chho dakar dvaraka bhag jane ka arth bhi nihit hai. kintu vastav mean 'bodhana' bhakt ki priti se krishn ka dvaraka se dakaur chupake se chala ana aur pandoan ke prati bhakt ka rrin chukana- yah bhav sannihit hai. ye donoan mandir dakaur (ahamadabad ke samip) tatha dvaraka mean haian. donoan mean vaidik niyamanusar hi yajn adi kiye jate haian.
  • tirthayatra mean yahaan akar gopichandan lagane ka vishesh mahattv samajha jata hai. yah age chalakar krishn ke netritv mean yadavoan ki rajadhani ho gayi thi. yah charoan dhamoan mean ek dham bhi hai. krishn ke antardhan hone ke pashchath prachin dvarakapuri samudr mean doob gayi. keval bhagavan ka mandir samudr ne nahian duboya. yah nagari saurashtr (kathiyava d) mean pashchimi samudratat par sthit hai.

visheshata

yahaan ke vishal bhavan soory aur chandrama ke saman prakashavanh tatha meru ke saman uchch the. nagari ke chaturdik chau di khaiyaan thian jo ganga aur siandhu ke saman jan p dati thian aur jinake jal mean kamal ke pushp khile the tatha hans adi pakshi kri da karate the[7]. soory ke saman prakashit hone vala ek parakota nagari ko sushobhit karata tha jisase vah shvet meghoan se ghire hue akash ke saman dikhaee deti thi [8]. ramaniy dvarakapuri ki poorvadisha mean mahakay raivatak namak parvat (vartaman giranar) usake abhooshan ke saman apane shikharoan sahit sushobhit hota tha [9]. nagari ke dakshin mean latavesht, pashchim mean sukaksh aur uttar mean veshnumant parvat sthit the aur in parvatoan ke chaturdikh anek udyan the. mahanagari dvaraka ke pachas pravesh dvar the- [10]. shayad inhian bahusankhyak dvaroan ke karan puri ka nam dvaraka ya dvaravati tha. puri charoan or ganbhir sagar se ghiri huee thi. sundar prasadoan se bhari huee dvaraka shvet atariyoan se sushobhit thi. tikshn yantr, shataghniyaan , anek yantrajal aur lauhachakr dvaraka ki raksha karate the-[11]. dvaraka ki lambaee barah yojan tatha chau daee ath yojan thi tatha usaka upanivesh (upanagar) pariman mean isaka dvigun tha [12]. dvaraka ke ath rajamarg aur solah chaurahe the jinhean shukrachary ki niti ke anusar banaya gaya tha.[13] dvaraka ke bhavan mani, svarn, vaidoory tatha sangamaramar adi se nirmit the. shrikrishn ka rajaprasad char yojan lanba-chau da tha, vah prasadoan tatha kri daparvatoan se sanpann tha. use sakshath vishvakarma ne banaya tha [14]. shrikrishn ke svargarohan ke pashchath samagr dvaraka, shrikrishn ka bhavan chho dakar samudrasat ho gayi thi jaisa ki vishnu puran ke is ullekh se siddh hota hai-

'plavayamas taan shoonyaan dvarakaan ch mahodadhi: vasudevagrihan tvekan n plavayati sagar:,[15]

paryatan sthal

dvaraka ke paryatan sthaloan mean jagat mandir; 48mitar ooancha khoob naqqashidar minar vala paanch manzila prachin mandir 32 kimi door shankhodvar dvip mean prasiddh ranachho darayaji mandir evan matsyavatar mandir; gopi jhil tatha dvarikavan shamil hai. dvarika mean vyapak roop se simeant ka kam hota hai.

moksh tirth

nangeshvar mahadev, dvaraka, gujarat

hinduoan ke char dhamoan mean se ek gujarat ki dvarikapuri moksh tirth ke roop mean jani jati hai. poornavatar shrikrishn ke adesh par vishvakarma ne is nagari ka nirman kiya tha. shrikrishn ne mathura se sab yadavoan ko lakar dvaraka mean basaya tha. mahabharat mean dvaraka ka vistrit varnan hai jisaka kuchh aansh is prakar hai-dvaraka ke mukhy dvar ka nam vardhaman tha[16]. nagari ke sab or sundar udyanoan mean ramaniy vriksh shobhayaman the, jinamean nana prakar ke phal-phool lage the.

dvarikadhish mandir

dvarikadhish mandir, dvaraka, gujarat
Dwarkadhish Temple, Dwarka, Gujarat

dvarikadhish mandir kaankaroli mean rajasamand jhil ke kinare pal par sthit hai. meva d ke char dham mean se ek dvarikadhish mandir bhi ata hai, dvarikadhish kafi samay poorv sanvat 1726-27 mean yahaan braj se kaankaroli padhare the. mandir sat manzila hai. bhitar chaandi ke sianhasan par kale patthar ki shrikrishn ki chaturbhuji moorti hai. kahate haian, yah mool moorti nahian hai. mool moorti dakor mean hai. dvarikadhish mandir se lagabhag 2 kimi door ekaant mean rukmini ka mandir hai. kahate haian, durvasa ke shap ke karan unhean ekaant mean rahana p da. kaha jata hai ki us samay bharat mean bahar se ae akramanakariyoan ka sarvatr bhay vyapt tha, kyoanki ve akramanakari n sirf mandiroan ki atul dhan sanpada ko loot lete the balki un bhavy mandiroan v moortiyoan ko bhi tod kar nasht kar dete the. tab mevad yahaan ke parakrami v nirbhik rajaoan ke liye prasiddh tha. sarvapratham prabhu dvarikadhish ko asotiya ke samip deval mangari par ek chhote mandir mean sthapit kiya gaya, tatpashchath unhean kaankaroli ke is bhavy mandir mean b de utsahapoorvak laya gaya. aj bhi dvaraka ki mahima hai. yah char dhamoan mean ek hai. sat puriyoan mean ek puri hai. isaki sundarata bakhani nahian jati. samudr ki b di-b di laharean uthati hai aur isake kinaroan ko is tarah dhoti hai, jaise isake pair pakhar rahi hoan. pahale to mathura hi krishn ki rajadhani thi. par mathura unhoanne chho d di aur dvaraka basaee. dvaraka ek chhota-sa-kasba hai. kasbe ke ek hisse ke charoan or chaharadivari khianchi hai isake bhitar hi sare b de-b de mandir hai. dvaraka ke dakshin mean ek lamba tal hai. ise gomati talab kahate haian. dvaraka mean dvarakadhish mandir ke nikat hi adi shankarachary dvara desh mean sthapit char mathoan mean se ek math bhi hai.

nageshvar jyotirliang

nageshvar mandir, dvaraka, gujarat

shri nageshvar jyotirliang gujarat prant ke dvarakapuri se lagabhag 25 kilomitar ki doori par avasthit hai. yah sthan gomati dvaraka se bet dvaraka jate samay raste mean hi p data hai. dvaraka se nageshvar-mandir ke lie bas,taiksi adi s dak marg ke achchhe sadhan upalabdh hote haian. relamarg mean rajakot se jamanagar aur jamanagar relave se dvaraka pahuancha jata hai.

ranachho d ji mandir

kaha jata hai krishn ke bhavan ke sthan par hi ranachho d ji ka mool mandir hai. yah parakote ke aandar ghira hua hai aur sat-manzila hai. isake uchchashikhar par sanbhavat: sansar ki sabase vishal dhvaja laharati hai. yah dhvaja poore ek than kap de se banati hai. dvarakapuri mahabharat ke samay tak tirthoan mean pariganit nahian thi.

  • jain sootr aantakritadashaang mean dvaravati ke 12 yojan lanbe, 9 yojan chau de vistar ka ullekh hai tatha ise kuber dvara nirmit bataya gaya hai aur isake vaibhav aur sauandary ke karan isaki tulana alaka se ki gee hai. raivatak parvat ko nagar ke uttarapoorv mean sthit bataya gaya hai. parvat ke shikhar par nandan-van ka ullekh hai.
  • shrimadh bhagavat mean bhi dvaraka ka mahabharat se milata julata varnan hai. isamean bhi dvaraka ko 12 yojan ke pariman ka kaha gaya hai tatha ise yantroan dvara surakshit tatha udyanoan, vistirn margoan evan ooanchi attalikaoan se vibhooshit bataya gaya hai,[17].

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. harivansh puran 1,11,4
  2. 'anartasyapi revatanama putrojajne yoasavanartavishayan bubhuje purian ch kushasthalimadhyuvas' vishnu puran 4,1,64.
  3. vishnu puran 4,1,91
  4. vedal-mekars av sivilijeshan, pri0 80
  5. mahabharat sabha parv 14,50
  6. mahabharat, sabha parv 14,51
  7. 'padyashandakulabhishch hansasevitavaribhi: gangasiandhuprakashabhi: parikhabhiranlankrita mahabharat sabha parv 38
  8. 'prakarenarkavarnen paandaren virajita, viyanh moorghinivishten dyorivabhraparichchhada' mahabharat sabha parv 38
  9. 'bhati raivatak: shailo ramyasanurmahajir:, poorvasyaan dishiramyayaan dvarakayaan vibhooshanamh'mahabharat sabha parv 38
  10. 'mahapuri dvaravatian panchashadbhirmukhai ryutamh' mahabharat sabha parv 38
  11. 'tikshnayantrashataghnibhiryantrajalai: samanvitaan ayasaishch mahachakrairdadarsh. mahabharat sabha parv 38
  12. 'asht yojan vistirnamachalaan dvadashayatamh dvigunopaniveshaanch dadarsh dvarakaanpurimh'mahabharat sabha parv 38
  13. ('ashtamargaan mahakakshyaan mahashodashachatvaramh ev margaparikshiptaan sakshadushanasakritamh'mahabharat sabha parv 38)
  14. 'sakshadh bhagavatoan veshm vihiant vishvakarmana, dadrishurdevadevasy-chaturyojanamayatamh, tavadev ch vistirnamapremayan mahadhanai:, prasadavarasanpannan yuktan jagati parvatai:'
  15. vishnu. 5,38,9
  16. 'vardhamanapuradvaramasasad purottamamh' mahabharat sabha parv 38
  17. 'iti sanmantry bhagavan durg dvadashayojanamh, aant: samudrenagaran kritsnadbhutamachikarath. drishyate yatr hi tvashtran vijnanan shilp naipunamh , rathyachatvaravithibhiyathavastu vinirmitamh. suradrumalatodyanavichatropavananvitamh, hemashrriangai rdivisprigbhi: sphatikattalagopurai:' shrimadbhagavat 10,50, 50-52

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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