महाभारत अनुशासन पर्व अध्याय 22 श्लोक 1-17

dvaviansh (22) adhh‍yay: anushasan parv (danadharm parv)

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mahabharat: anushasan parv: dvaviansh adhyay: shlok 1-17 ka hindi anuvad


yudhishthir ne poochha- bharatashreshth! prachin brahman kisako dan ka shreshth patr batate haian? dand-kamandalu adi chihn dharan karane vale brahmachari brahman ko athava chihnarahit grihasth brahman ko?

bhishm ji ne kaha- maharaj! jivan-raksha ke liye apani varnashramochit vritti ka ashray lene vale chihnadhari ya chihnarahit kisi bhi brahman ko dan diya jana uchit bataya gaya hai; kyoanki svadharm ka ashray lene vale ye donoan hi tapasvi evan dan patr haian.

yudhishthir ne poochha- pitamah! jo keval utkrisht shraddha se hi pavitr hokar brahman ko havy-kavy tatha any vastu ka dan deta hai, use any prakar ki pavitrata n hone ke karan kis dosh ki prapti hoti hai?

bhishm ji ne kaha- tat! manushy jitendriy n hone par bhi keval shraddhamatr se pavitr ho jata hai, isamean sanshay nahian hai. mahatejasvi naresh! shraddhapoot manushy sarvatr pavitr hota hai, phir tum jaise dharmatma ke pavitr hone mean to sandeh hi kya hai?

yudhishthir ne poochha- pitamah! vidvanoan ka kahana hai ki devakary mean kabhi brahman ki pariksha n kare, kiantu shraddh mean avashy usaki pariksha kare; isaka kya karan hai?

bhishm ji ne kaha- beta! yajn-hom adi devakary ki siddhi brahman ke adhin nahian hai, vah daiv se siddh hota hai. devataoan ki kripa se hi yajaman yajn karate haian. isamean sanshay nahian hai. bharatashreshth! buddhiman markandey ji ne bahut pahale se hi yah bata rakha hai ki shraddh mean sada vedavetta brahmanoan ko hi nimantrit karana chahiye. (kyoanki usaki siddhi supatr brahman ke hi adhin hai).

yudhishthir ne poochha- jo aparichit, vidvan, sambandhi, tapasvi athava yajnashil hoan, inamean se kaun kis prakar ke gunoan se sampann hone par shraddh evan dan ka uttam patr ho sakata hai?

bhishm ji ne kaha- kulin, karmath, vedoan ke vidvan, dayalu, salajj, saral aur satyavadi- in sat prakar ke gun vale jo poorvokt tin (aparichit vidvan, sambandhi aur tapasvi) brahman haian, ve uttam patr mane gaye haian. kuntinandan! is vishay mean tum mujhase prithvi, kashyap, agni aur markandey- in char tejasvi vyaktiyoan ka mat suno. prithvi kahati hai- jis prakar mahasagar mean pheanka hua dhela turant galakar nasht ho jata hai, usi prakar yajan, adhyapan aur pratigrah- in tin vrittiyoan se jivika chalane vale brahman mean sare dushkarmoan ka lay ho jata hai. kashyap kahate haian- nareshvar! jo brahman shil se rahit haian, use chhahoan aangoan sahit ved, saankhy aur puran ka jnan tatha uttam kul mean janm- ye sab milakar bhi uttam gati nahian pradan kar sakate. agni kahate haian- jo brahman adhyayan karake apane ko bahut b da pandit manata aur apani vidvatta par garv karane lagata hai tatha jo apani vidya ke bal se doosaroan ke yash ka nash karata hai, vah dharm se bhrasht hokar saty ka palan nahian karata; atah use nashavan lokoan ki prapti hoti hai. markandey ji kahate haian- yadi tarajoo ke ek pal de mean ek hazar ashvamedh yajn ko aur doosare mean saty ko rakhakar taula jaye to bhi n jane ve sare ashvamedh yajn is saty ke adhe ke barabar bhi hoange ya nahian?

bhishm ji kahate haian- yudhishthir! is prakar apana mat prakat karake ve charoan amit tejasvi vyakti- prithvi, kashyap, agni aur markandey shighr hi chale gaye.

yudhishthir ne poochha- pitamah! yadi brahmachary vrat ka palan karane vale brahman shraddh me havishyann ka bhojan karate haian to shreshth brahman ki kamana se unhean diya hua dan kaise saphal ho sakata hai?

bhishm ji ne kaha- rajendr! (jinhean guru ne niyat varshoan tak brahmachary vrat palan karane ka adesh de rakha hai, ve adishti kahalate haian.) aise anek ved ke paragant adishti brahman yadi yajaman ki brahman ko dan dene ki ichchhapoorti ke liye shraddh mean bhojan karate haian to unaka apana hi vrat nasht ho jata hai (isase data ka dan dooshit nahian hota hai).[1]

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tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. shraddh mean bhojan karane yogy brahman ke vishay mean smritiyoan mean is prakar ullekh milata hai- karmanishthastaponishthaah panchagnibrahamacharaniah. pitrimatriparashchaiv brahamanah shraddhasampadah. tatha- ’vratasthamapi dauhitran shraddhe yatnen bhojayeth.’ tatpary yah hai ki kriyanishth, tapasvi, panchagni ka sevan karane vale, brahmachari tatha pita-mata ke bhakt- ye paanch prakar ke brahman shraddh ki sampati haian. inhean bhojan karane se shraddhakarm ka poornataya sampadan hota hai tatha apani kanya ka beta brahmachari ho to bhi yatnapoorvak use shraddha mean bhojan karana chahiye. aisa karane se shraddhakarta puny ka bhagi hota hai. keval shraddh mean hi aisi chhoot di gayi hai. shraddh ke atirikt aur kisi karm mean brahmachari ko lobh adi dikhakar jo usake vrat ko bhang karata hai, use dosh ka bhagi hona p data hai aur apane kiye hue dan ka bhi poora-poora phal nahian milata. isiliye shastr mean likha hai ki ’manasa patramudishy jalamadhye jalan kshipeth. data tatphalamapnoti pratigrahi n doshabhakh..’ arthath yadi kisi supatr (brahmachari adi) ko dan dena ho to usaka man mean dhyan kare aur use dan dene ke udeshy mean hath mean sankalp ka jal lekar use jal hi mean chho d de. isase data ko dan ka phal mil jata hai aur dan lene vale ko dosh ka bhagi nahian hona p data. yah bat satpatr ka adar karane ke liye batayi gayi hai. (nilakanthi)

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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