is upadesh ka rahasy bhi yahi hai. isake sivay karm–akarm ka nirnay karane ke lie kuchh logoan ne ek aur saral yukti batalaee hai. unaka kahana hai ki koee bhi sadagun ho, usaki adhikata n hone dene ke lie hamean hamesha yatn karate hi rahana chahie kyoanki is adhikata se hi aant mean sadagun durgun ban baithata hai. jaise dan dena sachamuch sadagun hai, parantu ati danaddhalirbaddhah dan ki adhikata hone se hi raja bali phaansa gaya tha. prasiddh yoonani pandit arastoo ne apane niti–shastr ke granth mean karm–akarm ke nirnay ki yahi yukti batalaee hai aur spashtataya dikhalaya hai ki pratyek sadagun ki adhikata hone par durdasha kaise ho jati hai. kalidas ne bhi raghuvansh mean varnan kiya hai ki keval shoorata vyaghr sarikhe shvapad ka kroor kam hai aur keval niti bhi darapokapan hai, isalie atithi raja talavar aur rajaniti ke yogy mishran se apane rajy ka prabandh karata tha.[1]
bhartahari ne bhi kuchh gun–doshoan ka varnan kar kaha hai ki zyada bolana vachalata ka lakshan hai aur kam bolana ghummapan hai, yadi zyada kharch kare to u daoo aur kam kare to kanjoos, age badhe to duahsahasi aur pichhe hate to dhila, atishay agrah kare to ziddi aur n kare to chanchal, zyada khushamad kare to nich aur aianth dikhalae to ghamandi hai; parantu is prakar ki sthool kasauti se aant tak nirvah nahian ho sakata kyoanki 'ati' kise kahate haian aur 'niyamit' kise kahate haian – isaka bhi to kuchh nirnay hona chahie n; tatha yah nirnay kaun kis prakar kare? kisi ek ko athava kisi ek mauke par jo bat ‘ati’ hogi, vahi doosare ko athava doosare mauke par kam ho jaegi. hanuman ji ko, paida hote hi soory ko pak dane ke lie u dan marana koee kathin kam nahian maloom p da[2]; parantu yahi bat auroan ke lie kathin kya, asanbhav hi jan p dati hai. isalie jab dharm–adharm ke vishay mean sandeh utpann ho to tab pratyek manushy ko thik vaisa hi nirnay karana p data hai jaisa shyen ne raja shibi se kaha haiah–
virodhishu mahipal nishchity gurulaghavamh.
arthat paraspar viruddh dharmoan ka taratamy athava laghuta aur guruta dekhakar hi pratyek mauke par apani buddhi ke dvara sachche dharm athava karm ka nirnay karana chahie.[3] parantu yah bhi nahian kaha ja sakata hai ki itane hi se dharm–adharm ke sar–asar ka vichar karana hi shanka ke samay dharm nirnay ki ek sachchi kasauti hai. kyoanki vyavahar mean anek bar dekha jata hai ki anek pandit log apani apani buddhi ke anusar sar–asar ka vichar bhi bhinn bhinn prakar se kiya karate haian. yahi arth uparyukt 'tarkoapratishthah' vachan mean kaha gaya hai. isalie ab hamean yah janana chahie ki dharmah adharm sanshay ke in prashnoan ka achook nirnay karane ke lie any koee sadhan ya upay haian ya nahian. yadi haian, to kaun se haian, aur yadi anek upay hoan to usamean shreshth kaun haian. bas; is bat ka nirnay kar dena hi shastr ka kam hai.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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