vidur kauravoan aur paandavoan ke kaka tatha dhritarashtr evan paandu ke bhaee the. unako dharmaraj ka avatar bhi mana jata hai.parampara se vidur ek nitijn ke roop mean vikhyat haian. hindi niti kavy par vidur ke kathanoan evan siddhantoan ka paryapt prabhav drishtigochar hota hai. mahabharat-yuddh ko rokane ke lie vidur ne yatn kiye, par antat: asaphal rahe. yuddh ke anantar vidur paandavoan ke bhi mantri hue. jivan ke antim kshanoan mean inhoanne vanavas grahan kar liya tatha van mean hi inaki mrityu huee. vidur dhritarashtr ke mantri kintu nyayapriyata ke karan paandavoan ke hitaishi the. inaki prasiddh rachana 'vidur niti' ke antargat niti siddhantoan ka sundar niroopan hua hai.
vishay soochi
janm vivaran
hastinapur naresh shaantanu ki rani satyavati ke chitraangad aur vichitraviry namak do putr huye the. jab chitraangad aur vichitraviry chhote hi the, tabhi shantanu ka svargavas ho gaya. isaliye unaka palan-poshan bhishm ne kiya. bhishm ne chitraangad ke b de hone par use rajagaddi par bitha diya, kintu kuchh samay bad hi vah gandharvoan se yuddh karate huye mara gaya. vichitraviry ko rajy sauanpane ke bad bhishm ko vichitraviry ke vivah ki chinta huee. usi samay kashiraj ki tin kanyaoan- amba, ambika aur ambalika ka svayanvar hone vala tha. bhishm ne vahaan jakar akele hi sabhi rajaoan ko hara diya aur tinoan kanyaoan ka haran karake hastinapur le aye. b di kanya amba ne bhishm ko bataya ki vah raja shalv ko prem karati hai. yah sunakar bhishm ne use raja shalv ke pas bhijavaya aur ambika aur ambalika ka vivah vichitraviry ke sath karava diya. vichitraviry ki koee santan nahian huee aur ve kshay rog se pi dit hokar mrityu ko prapt ho gaye. kul ka nash hone ke bhay se mata satyavati ne bhishm se kaha- "putr! is vansh ko nasht hone se bachane ke liye meri ajna hai ki tum in donoan raniyoan se putr utpann karo." mata ka adesh sunakar bhishm ne kaha- "mata! maian apani pratijna bhang nahian kar sakata."
mata satyavati ko atyant duahkh hua. achanak unhean apane putr vedavyas ki yad ayi. yad karate hi vedavyas vahaan upasthit ho gaye. satyavati ne unhean dekhakar kaha- "putr! tumhare sabhi bhaee niahsantan hi svargavasi ho gaye. atah vansh ka nash hone se bachane ke liye maian tumhean ajna deti hooan ki tum unaki patniyoan se santan utpann karo." vedavyas unaki ajna manakar bole- "mata! ap un donoan raniyoan se kah dean ki ve ek varsh tak niyam vrat ka palan karate rahean, tabhi unako garbh dharan hoga."
- dhritarashtr ka janm
ek varsh vyatit ho jane par vedavyas sabase pahale b di rani ambika ke pas gaye. ambika ne unake tez se dar kar apane netr band kar liye. vedavyas lautakar mata se bole- "mata ambika ka b da hi tejasvi putr hoga, kintu netr band karane ke dosh ke karan vah aandha hoga." satyavati ko yah sunakar atyant duahkh hua.
- paandu ka janm
unhoanne vedavyas ko chhoti rani ambalika ke pas bheja. ambalika vedavyas ko dekhakar bhay se pili p d gee. usake kaksh se lautane par vedavyas ne satyavati se kaha- "mata! ambalika ke garbh se paandu rog se grasit putr hoga." isase mata satyavati ko aur bhi duahkh hua. unhoanne b di rani ambalika ko punah vedavyas ke pas jane ka adesh diya.
- vidur ka janm
is bar b di rani ne svayan n jakar apani dasi ko vedavyas ke pas bhej diya. dasi ne anandapoorvak vedavyas se bhog karaya. is bar vedavyas ne mata satyavati ke pas akar kaha- "mate! is dasi ke garbh se ved-vedant mean parangat atyant nitivan putr utpann hoga." itana kahakar vedavyas tapasya karane chale gaye.
samay ane par amba ke garbh se janmaandh dhritarashtr, ambalika ke garbh se paandu rog se grasit paandu tatha dasi ke garbh se dharmatma vidur ka janm hua. dhritarashtr, paandu aur vidur ke lalan-palan ka bhar bhishm ke oopar tha. tinoan putr b de hone par vidya padhane bheje gaye. dhritarashtr bal vidya mean, paandu dhanurvidya mean tatha vidur dharm aur niti mean nipun huye. yuva hone par dhritarashtr andhe hone ke karan rajy ke uttaradhikari n ban sake. vidur dasiputr the, isaliye paandu ko hi hastinapur ka raja ghoshit kiya gaya.
yamaraj ke avatar
manhdavhy rrishi ke shap se yamaraj ne hi dasi-putr ke roop mean dhritarashhtr tatha paandu ke bhaee hokar janhm liya tha. yamaraj bhagavatachary haian. apane is roop mean manushhy janhm lekar bhi ve bhagavan ke param bhakt tatha dharmaparayan hi rahe. vidur maharaj dhritarashhtr ke mantri the aur sada isi prayathn mean rahate the ki maharaj dharm ka palan karean. ve nitishashtr ke mahan pandit aur pravartak the. inaki 'viduraniti' bahut hi upadey aur prakhhyat hai.
paandav hitaishi
jab kabhi putr shnehavash dhritarashhtr paandavoan ko khlesh dete ya unake ahit ki yojana sochate, tab vidur ji unhhean samajhane ka prayathn karate. shpashhtavadi aur nhyay ka samarthak hone par dhritarashhtr inhhean bahut manate the. duryodhan avashhy hi inase jala karata tha. dharmarat paandu ke putroan se ye shneh karate the. jab durathma duryodhan ne lakshabhavan mean paandavoan ko jalane ka shadayantr kiya, tab vidur ji ne unhhean bachane ki vhyavashtha ki aur guhy bhasha mean sandesh bhejakar yudhishthir ko pahale hi savadhan kar diya tatha us bhayankar grih se bach nikalane ki yukti bhi bata di.
adharm virodhi
sajhjanoan ko sada nhyay evan dharm hi achhchha lagata hai. anhyay tatha adharm ka virodh karana unaka shvabhav hota hai. isake liye anekoan bar durjanoan se unhhean tirashkrit tatha pi det bhi hona p data hai. vidur duryodhan ke dushhkarmoan ka prabal virodh karate the. jab kauravoan ne bhari sabha mean draupadi ko apamanit karana praramhbh kiya, tab ve rushht hokar sabhabhavan se chale gaye. paandavoan ke vanavas ke samay vidur ko duryodhan ke bh dakane se dhritarashhtr ne kah diya- "tum sada paandavoan ki hi prashansa karate ho, at: unhhian ke pas chale jao." vidur van mean paandavoan ke pas chale gaye. unake chale jane par dhritarashhtr ko unaki mahathta ka pata laga. vidur se rahit apane ko ve asahay samajhane lage. tab doot bhejakar vidur ko unhhoanne phir bulaya. manapaman mean saman bhav rakhane vale vidur ji laut aye.
shrikrishn ka athity
paandavoan ke vanavas ke terah varsh kunhti devi vidur ke yahaan hi rahi thian. jab shrikrishhnachanhdr sandhi karane padhare, tab duryodhan ka shvagat-sathkar unhhoanne ashvikar kar diya. un madhusoodan ko kabhi aishhvary sanhtushht nahian kar pata, ve to bhakt ke bhav bhare tulasidal evan jal ke hi bhookhe rahate haian. shrikrishhnachanhdr ne dhritarashhtr, bhishm, bhoorishrava adi samasht logoan ka atithhy ashvikar kar diya aur vidur ke ghar ve bina nimantran ke hi pahuanch gaye. apane sachhche bhakt ka ghar to unaka apana hi ghar hai. vidur ke shak ko un tribhuvanapati ne naivedy banaya. vidurani ke kele ke chhilake ki katha prasiddh hai. mahabharat ke anusar vidur ne vividh vhyanjanadi se unaka sathkar kiya tha.
tirthatan
maharaj dhritarashhtr ko bhari sabha mean shrikrishhnachanhdr ke samhmukh tatha keshav ke chale jane par akele bhi vidur ne samajhaya- "duryodhan papi hai. isake karan kuru kul ka vinash hota dikhata hai. ise baandhakar ap paandavoan ko de dean." duryodhan isase bahut big da. usane kathor vachan kahe. vidur ko yuddh mean kisi ka paksh lena nahian tha, at: shashtr chho dakar ve tirthatan ko chale gaye. avadhoot vesh mean ve tirthoan mean ghoomate rahe. bina maange jo kuchh mil jata, vahi kha lete. nange sharir kanhd-mool khate hue ve tirthoan mean lagabhag 36 varsh vicharate rahe. anht mean mathura mean unhhean uddhav mile. unase mahabharat ke yuddh, yadukul ke kshay tatha shrikrishn ke shvadhamagaman ka samachar mila.
sharir tyag
bhagavan ne shvadham padharate samay maharshi maitrey ko adesh diya tha vidur ji ko upadesh karane ka. uddhav se yah samachar pakar vidur haradvar gaye. vahaan maitrey ji se unhhoanne bhagavadupadishht taththvajnan prapht kiya aur phir hastinapur aye. hastinapur vidur keval b de bhaee dhritarashhtr ko athmakalhyan ka marg pradarshan karane aye the. unake upadesh se dhritarashtr evan gaandhari ka moh door ho gaya aur ve virakht hokar van ko chale gaye. vidur to sada se virakht the. van mean jakar unhhoanne bhagavan mean chitht lagakar yogiyoan ki bhaanti sharir ko chho d diya.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj