महाभारत


sankshipt parichay
mahabharat
krishn aur arjun
vivaran 'mahabharat' bharat ka anupam, dharmik, pauranik, aitihasik aur darshanik granth hai. yah hindoo dharm ke mukhyatam granthoan mean se ek hai. yah vishv ka sabase lamba sahityik granth hai.
rachayita vedavyas
lekhak bhagavan ganesh[1]
bhasha sanskrit
mukhy patr shrikrishn, bhishm, arjun, dron, karn, duryodhan, abhimanyu, dhritarashtr, yudhishthir, draupadi, shakuni, kuanti, gaandhari, vidur adi.
18 parv adiparv, sabhaparv, vanaparv, virataparv, udyogaparv, bhishmaparv, dronaparv, ashvamedhikaparv, mahaprasthanikaparv, sauptikaparv, striparv, shantiparv, anushasanaparv, mausalaparv, karnaparv, shalyaparv, svargarohanaparv, ashramavasikaparv
shlok sankhya ek lakh se adhik
lokapriyata bharat, nepal, indoneshiya, shrilanka, java dvip, thailaiand, tibbat, myaanmar adi deshoan mean mahabharat bahut lokapriy hai.
sanbandhit lekh gita, shrikrishn, pandav, kaurav, arjun, indraprasth, hastinapur, ajnatavas, draupadi chiraharan, shishupal vadh, ashvamedh yajn, akshauhini
any janakari anuman kiya jata hai ki 'mahabharat' mean varnit 'kuru vansh' 1200 se 800 eesa poorv ke dauran shakti mean raha hoga. pauranik manyata ko dekhean to pata lagata hai ki arjun ke pote[2] parikshit aur mahapadmanand ka kal 382 eesa poorv thaharata hai.

mahabharat hinduoan ka pramukh kavy granth hai, jo hindoo dharm ke un dharm-granthoan ka samooh hai, jinaki manyata shruti se nichi shreni ki haian aur jo manavoan dvara utpann the. kabhi-kabhi sirf 'bharat' kaha jane vala yah kavy-granth bharat ka anupam, dharmik, pauranik, aitihasik aur darshanik granth hai. yah hindoo dharm ke mukhyatam granthoan mean se ek hai. yah vishv ka sabase lanba sahityik granth hai, halaanki ise sahity ki sabase anupam kritiyoan mean se ek mana jata hai, kintu aj bhi yah pratyek bharatiy ke liye ek anukaraniy srot hai.

hindoo itihas gatha

yah kriti hinduoan ke itihas ki ek gatha hai. poore 'mahabharat' mean ek lakh shlok haian. vidvanoan mean mahabharat kal ko lekar vibhinn mat haian, phir bhi adhikatar vidvan mahabharat kal ko 'lauhayug' se jo date haian. anuman kiya jata hai ki mahabharat mean varnit 'kuru vansh' 1200 se 800 eesa poorv ke dauran shakti mean raha hoga. pauranik manyata ko dekhean to pata lagata hai ki arjun ke pote parikshit aur mahapadmanand ka kal 382 eesa poorv thaharata hai.

mahakavy ka lekhan

'mahabharat' mean is prakar ka ullekh aya hai ki vedavyas ne himalay ki talahati ki ek pavitr gufa mean tapasya mean sanlagn tatha dhyan yog mean sthit hokar mahabharat ki ghatanaoan ka adi se ant tak smaran kar man hi man mean mahabharat ki rachana kar li thi, parantu isake pashchat unake samane ek ganbhir samasya a kh di huee ki is mahakavy ke jnan ko samany jan sadharan tak kaise pahuanchaya jaye, kyoanki isaki jatilata aur lambaee ke karan yah bahut kathin kary tha ki koee ise bina kisi truti ke vaisa hi likh de, jaisa ki ve bolate jaean. isalie brahma ke kahane par vyas bhagavan ganesh ke pas pahuanche. ganesh likhane ko taiyar ho gaye, kiantu unhoanne ek shart rakh di ki kalam ek bar utha lene ke bad kavy samapt hone tak ve bich mean rukeange nahian. vyasaji janate the ki yah shart bahut kathanaeeyaan utpann kar sakati haian.

Blockquote-open.gif mahabharat shaanti parv adhyay-82:
krishn:-
he devarshi! jaise purush agni ki ichchha se arani kashth mathata hai; vaise hi un jati-logoan ke kahe hue kathor vachan se mera hriday sada mathata tatha jalata hua rahata hai ॥6॥
he narad! b de bhaee balaram sada bal se, gad sukumarata se aur pradyumn roop se matavale hue hai; isase in sahayakoan ke hote hue bhi maian asahay hua hooan. ॥7॥ age padhean:-krishn narad sanvad Blockquote-close.gif

atah unhoanne bhi apani chaturata se ek shart rakhi ki koee bhi shlok likhane se pahale ganesh ko usaka arth samajhana hoga. ganesh ne yah prastav svikar kar liya. is tarah vyas bich-bich mean kuchh kathin shlokoan ko rach dete. jab ganesh unake arth par vichar kar rahe hote, utane samay mean hi vyasaji kuchh aur naye shlok rach dete. is prakar sampoorn mahabharat tin varshoan ke antaral mean likhi gayi.

mahabharat yuddh

vedavyas ne sarvapratham punyakarma manavoan ke upakhyanoan sahit ek lakh shlokoan ka ady bharat granth banaya. tadantar upakhyanoan ko chho dakar chaubis hazar shlokoan ki 'bharatasanhita' banayi. tatpashchat vyasaji ne sath lakh shlokoan ki ek doosari sanhita banayi, jisake tis lakh shlok devalok mean, pandrah lakh pitrilok mean tatha chaudah lakh shlok gandharvalok mean samadrit hue. manushyalok mean ek lakh shlokoan ka ady bharat pratishthit hua. mahabharat granth ki rachana poorn karane ke bad vedavyas ne sarvapratham apane putr shukadev ko is granth ka adhyayan karaya.

vibhinn nam

yah mahakavy 'jay', 'bharat' aur 'mahabharat' in tin namoan se prasiddh haian. vastav mean ved vyas ji ne sabase pahale 1,00,000 shlokoan ke pariman ke 'bharat' namak granth ki rachana ki thi, isamean unhoanne bharatavanshiyoan ke charitroan ke sath-sath any kee mahan rrishiyoan, chandravanshi-sooryavanshi rajaoan ke upakhyanoan sahit kee any dharmik upakhyan bhi dale. isake bad vyas ji ne 24,000 shlokoan ka bina kisi any rrishiyoan, chandravanshi-sooryavanshi rajaoan ke upakhyanoan ka keval bharatavanshiyoan ko kendrit karake 'bharat' kavy banaya. in donoan rachanaoan mean dharm ki adharm par vijay hone ke karan inhean 'jay' bhi kaha jane laga. mahabharat mean ek katha ati hai ki jab devataoan ne tarajoo ke ek pase mean charoan vedoan ko rakha aur doosare par 'bharat granth' ko rakha, to 'bharat granth' sabhi vedoan ki tulana mean sabase adhik bhari siddh hua. atah 'bharat' granth ki is mahatta ko dekhakar devataoan aur rrishiyoan ne ise 'mahabharat' nam diya aur is katha ke karan manushyoan mean bhi yah kavy mahabharat ke nam se sabase adhik prasiddh hua.

mahabharat ke parv

mahabharat ki mool abhikalpana mean atharah ki sankhya ka vishisht yog hai. kaurav aur pandav pakshoan ke madhy hue yuddh ki avadhi atharah din thi. donoan pakshoan ki senaoan ka sammilit sankhyabal bhi aththarah akshauhini tha. is yuddh ke pramukh sootradhar bhi aththarah the.[3] mahabharat ki prabandh yojana mean sampoorn granth ko atharah parvoan mean vibhakt kiya gaya hai aur mahabharat mean 'bhishm parv' ke antargat varnit 'shrimadbhagavadgita' mean bhi atharah adhyay haian.

sampoorn mahabharat atharah parvoan mean vibhakt hai. ‘parv’ ka moolarth hai- "gaanth ya jo d".[4] poorv katha ko uttaravarti katha se jo dane ke karan mahabharat ke vibhajan ka yah namakaran yatharth hai. in parvoan ka namakaran, us kathanak ke mahattvapoorn patr ya ghatana ke adhar par kiya jata hai. mukhy parvoan mean pray: any bhi kee parv haian.[5] in parvoan ka punarvibhajan adhyayoan mean kiya gaya hai. parvoan aur adhyayoan ka akar asaman hai. kee parv bahut b de haian aur kee parv bahut chhote haian. adhyayoan mean bhi shlokoan ki sankhya aniyat hai. kinhian adhyayoan mean pachas se bhi kam shlok haian aur kinhian-kinhian mean sankhya do sau se bhi adhik hai. mukhy atharah parvoan ke nam is prakar haian-


mahabharat ke parv



tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. vedavyasaji shlokoan ka uchcharan karate jate the, jinhean bhagavan shriganesh ne likha.
  2. putr ke putr
  3. dhritarashtr, duryodhan, du:shasan, karn, shakuni, bhishm, dron, kripachary, ashvatthama, kritavarma, shrikrishn, yudhishthir, bhim, arjun, nakul, sahadev, draupadi aur vidur.
  4. vi.es. apte: sanskrit-hindi-kosh, pri. 595
  5. sampoorn mahabharat mean aise parvoan ki kul sankhya 100 haian.

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

   a    a    i    ee    u    oo    e    ai    o    au    aan    k    kh    g    gh    n    ch    chh    j    jh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    p    ph    b    bh    m    y    r    l    v    sh    sh    s    h    ksh    tr    jn    rri    rri    aau    shr    aah