अक्रूर

akroor ek pramukh yaduvanshi aur krishn ke chacha the. ve vasudev ke bhaee batae jate haian. kans ki salah par shrikrishn aur balaram ko yahi vrindavan se mathura lae the. kans ka vadh karane ke pashchath krishn inake ghar ge the. ve akroor ko apana guru manate the. akroor ki mrityu ke uparaant krishn ke pautr vajr ke rokane par bhi inaki patniyaan nahian rukian aur van mean tapasya karane ke lie chali geean.

parichay

akroor ka janm yaduvansh mean hi hua tha. ye vasudev ke kutumb ke nate se bhaee lagate the. inake pita ka nam shvaphalk tha. ye kans ke darabar ke ek darabari the. kans ke atyacharoan se pi dit hokar bahut-se yaduvanshi idhar-udhar bhag gaye the, kiantu ye jis kisi prakar bhi kans ke darabar mean hi p de hue the.

bhagavan ke param bhakt

praniyoan ke dehadharan karane ki saphalata isi mean hai ki nirdambh, nirbhay aur shokarahit hokar akroor ji ke saman bhagavat-chihnoan ke darshan tatha unake gunoan ke shravanadi ke dvara yah bhav utpann kare, jo kans ka sandesha milane ke samay se un akroor mean prakat hua tha. bhaktishastr mean shravan, kirtan, smaran, padasevan, vandan, archan, sakhy, dasy aur atmanivedan, is tarah nau prakar ki bhakti batalayi gayi hai. isake udaharan mean ek-ek bhakt ka nam lete haian, jaise- shravan mean parikshit, kirtan mean vedavyas adi-adi. isi tarah vandan bhaktoan mean akroor ji ko batalaya gaya hai. yah vishnu ke vandan-pradhan bhakt the.

kans ke sandeshavahak

jab anek upay karake bhi kans bhagavan ko nahian marava saka, tab usane ek chal chali. usane ek dhanushayajn racha aur usamean malloan ke dvara marava dalane ke liye gokul se gop-gvaloan ke sahit shrikrishn-balaram ko bulavaya. unhean adarapoorvak lane ke liye akroor ko kans ne apana sandeshavahak banakar bheja. kans ki ajna pakar akroor ki prasannata ka thikana nahian raha. ve bhagavan ke darshan ke liye b de utkashthit the. kisi-n-kisi prakar ve bhagavan ke darshan chahate the. bhagavan ne svatah hi kripa karake aisa sanyog juta diya. jiv apane purusharth se prabhu ke darshan karana chahe to yah unaki anadhikar cheshta hai. koti janm mean bhi unaki pavitrata, vaisi yogyata jiv nahian prapt kar sakata ki jisase vah paratpar prabhu ke samane purusharth ke bal par pahuanch sake. jab prabhu hi apani ahetu ki kripa ke dvara jiv ko apane samip bulana chahean, tabhi vah vahaan ja sakata hai. prabhu ne kripa karake ghar baithe hi akroor ji ko bula liya.

akroor krishn aur balaram ko mathura le jate hue

mathura agaman

akroor pratahkal mathura se rath lekar nandagaanv bhagavan ko lene chale. sochate the- "aha ! un pitambaradhari banavari ko maian inhian chakshuoan se dekhooanga; unake sundar mukharavind ko, ghuangharali kali-kali alakavali se yukt sukapoloan ko niharooanga. ve sab mujhe apane sukomal karakamaloan se sparsh kareange, us samay mere samast sharir mean bijali-si dau d jayagi. ve mujhase hans-hansakar batean kareange. mujhe pas bithayeange. bar-bar premapoorvak ‘chacha’, ‘chacha’ kaheange. mere liye vah kitane sukh ki sthit hogi." is prakar bhaanti-bhaanti ki kalpanaean karate hue ve vrindavan ke samip pahuanche. vahaan unhoanne vajr, aankush, yav, dhvaja adi chihnoan se vibhooshit shyamasundar ke charanachihnoan ko dekha. bas, phir kya tha. ve un ghanashyam ke charanachihnoan ko dekhate hi rath se kood p de aur unaki vandana karake us dhooli mean lotane lage. unhean us dhooli mean lotane mean kitana sukh mil raha tha, yah kahane ki bat nahian hai.

jaise-taise braj pahuanche. sarvapratham baladevaji ke sath shyamasundar hi unhean mile. unhean chhati se lagaya, ghar le gaye. kushal poochhi, atithy kiya aur sab samachar jane. doosare din rath par chadhakar akroor ke sath shyamasundar aur balaram mathura chale. gopiyoan ne unaka rath gher liya, b di kathinata se ve age badh sake. tho di door chalakar yamuna kinare akroor ji nity-karm karane thahare. snan karane ke liye jyoan hi unhoanne dubaki lagayi ki bhitar chaturbhuj shrishyamasundar dikhayi diye. ghabarakar oopar aye to donoan bhaiyoan ko rath par baithai dekha. phir dubaki lagayi to phir vahi moorti jal ke bhitar dikhayi di. akroor ko jnan ho gaya ki jal mean sthal, shoony mean koee-bhi aisa sthan nahian, jahaan shyamasundar virajaman n hoan. bhagavan unhean dekhakar hans p de. ve bhi pranam karake rath par baith gaye.

shrikrishn ka akroor ke ghar ana

mathura pahuanchakar bhagavan rath par se utar p de aur bole- "ham akele hi paidal jayange." akroor ne bahut prarthana ki- "ap rath par pahale mere ghar padharean, tab kahian anyatr jayean." bhagavan ne kaha- "apake ghar to tabhi jaooanga, jab kans ka ant ho jayaga." akroor ji duahkhi man se chale gaye. kans ko marakar bhagavan akroor ke ghar gaye. ab akroor ke anand ka kya thikana. jinake darshan ke liye yogindr-munindr hazaroan-lakhoan varsh tapasya karate haian, ve svatah hi bina prayas ke ghar par padhar gaye. akroor ne unaki vidhivat pooja ki aur koee ajna chahi. bhagavan ne akroor ko apana antarang suhrid samajhakar ajna di ki "hastinapur mean jakar hamari bua ke l dake paandavoan ke samachar le aiye. hamane suna hai, dhritarashtr unhean duahkh deta hai." bhagavan ki ajna pakar akroor hastinapur gaye aur dhritarashtr ko sab prakar se samajhakar aur paandavoan ke samachar lekar laut aye.

paramadham yatra

bhagavan shrikrishn jab mathurapuri ko tyagakar dvaraka padhare the, tab akroor ji itane punyashil the ki ve jahaan rahate, vahaan khoob varsha hoti, akal nahian p data. kisi prakar ka kasht aur mahamari adi upadrav nahian hote. ek bar ve jab kisi karanavash dvaraka se chale gaye the, tab dvaraka mean daivik aur bhautik duahkhoan se praja ko b da bhari manasik aur sharirik kasht sahana p da tha. akhir bhagavan ne unako dhooandhavakar vapas bulavaya. ye sambandh mean bhagavan shrikrishn ke chacha hane par bhi unake sachche bhakt the. ant mean bhagavan ke sath hi ve paramadham ko padhare.

syamantak mani

satrajit namak yadav ko soory se mili syamantak mani, jisaki chori ka kalank shrikrishn ko laga tha, inhian ke pas thi. ye darakar mani ko lekar kashi chale ge. syamantak mani ki yah visheshata thi ki jahaan vah hoti thi, vahaan dhan-dhany bhara rahata tha. akroor ke chale jane par dvaraka mean akal ke lakshan prakat hone lage. is par shrikrishn ka anurodh manakar akroor dvaraka vapas chale ae. inhoanne syamantak mani shrikrishn ko de di. shrikrishn ne mani ka sarvajanik roop se pradarshan karake apane oopar laga chori ka kalank mitaya.

tirtharajan hi chakrooran guhyanaan guhyabhuttamamh.

tatphalan samavapnoti sarvvatirthavagahanath ॥
akroore ch pun: snatva rahugrast divakare .

rajasooyashvamedhabhyaan phalamapnoti manav: ॥

akroor shvaphalak aur gaandini ke putr the. skand purananusar poorv janm mean yah chandr namak brahman the. haridvar nivasi devasharma namak atrikulotpann brahman ke yah shishy tatha jamata the jinaki gunavati namak kanya byahi thi.

akroor ghat

mathura aur vrindavan ke bich mean brahmahrad namak ek sthan hai. shrikrishn ne yahian par akroor ko divy darshan karae the. braj kshetr ka yah bhi ek pramukh tirth mana jata hai aur vaishakh shukl navami ko yahaan mela lagata hai. vrindavan ate hue akroor ne marg mean yamuna mean krishn tatha balaram ke divy roop ke darshan kiye arthat bhagavan anant ki god mean krishn ko dekha.[1]

akroor tirth

akroor tirth, sarv tirthoan ke raja evan gopaniyata ke bich mean ati gopaniy hai. pun: sooryagrahan ke din akroor tirth mean snan karane se rajasooy, ashvamedh yajn ka phal prapt hota hai. is sthan par shri akroor ji ne snan karate samay shrikrishn ke vibhooti darshan ka labh prapt kiya tha. kans ne shri mahadev ji ko tapasya se santusht kar ek dhanush prapt kiya tha. shri mahadev ne unako ashirvadapoorvak varadan diya tha ki is dhanush ke dvara tum bahut se rajyoan ka jay labh kar sakate ho. is dhanuhsh ko koee shighr saralata se to d nahian sakata. jo is dhanush ko to dega usake hathoan se hi tumhari mrityu hogi. dhanush yajn ka sanvad kans ne vibhinn desh-videsh mean pracharit kar diya. idhar shrikrishn-balaram ke anushthan mean yogadan ke liye kans ne shri akrooraji ko gokul mean preshit kiya tab akroor ji shrikrishn aur balaram ko rath mean baithakar kans ki rajadhani mathura ki taraph chal p de.

bhagavat ke anusar

krishn ne kans ke anek anuchar daityoan ko mar dala to narad ne jakar kans se kaha ki krishn devaki ka putr hai tatha balaram rohini ka. is prakar donoan hi vasudev ke putr haian. kans ne keshi namak rakshas ko use mar dalane ke lie bheja. kans ne mushtik, chanoor, shal, toshal adi malloan ko bulakar kaha- 'braj nivasi ram aur krishn nam ke do balakoan mean se kisi ke hathoan meri mrityu likhi hai. at: tum log dangal mean ghere ke phatak par hi kuvalayapid hathi ko rakhana. usi ke dvara unhean marava dena. tadanantar akroor ko bulakar usane kaha- 'ap vasudev ke donoan betoan balaram tatha krishn ko ghumane ke bahane se yahaan liva laie. meri mrityu unhian ke hathoan likhi hai. unhean ap jaise bhi ho, yahaan le aiega. un logoan ko meri or se dhanush-yajn utsav ke lie amantrit kijiega.' akroor ne braj mean jakar kans ka sandesh diya. sath hi balaram tatha krishn ke sammukh kans ka uddeshy bhi spasht kar diya. un donoan ne hansakar vahaan sabase ajna li aur akroor ke sath mathura ke lie prasthan kiya. marg mean donoan bhaiyoan ne akroor ko apane virat roop ke darshan karavaye. akroor kritakrity ho gaye. mathura pahuanchakar shrikrishn ne sabake dekhate-dekhate dhanush to d dala, kans ki sena ko mar dala aur apane dere par laut gaye. tadanantar shrikrishn ne akroor ko hastinapur bheja. akroor ne lautakar krishn ko bataya ki dhritarashtr paandavoan ke prati anyay karate hue apane betoan ko rokane mean asamarth the. dhritarashtr ko samajhana bhi asanbhav tha. kunti apane bhaee-bandhuoan mean sabase adhik krishn ko yad karati thi. usane apani paravashata ki katha akroor ko sunayi thi. [2] [3]

  • narad krishn sanvad ne krishn ke sambandh mean kee batean hamean spasht sanket deti haian ki krishn ne bhi ek sahaj sangh mukhiya ke roop mean hi samasyaoan se joojhate hue samay vyatit kiya hoga.
  • isake atirikt ahuk aur akroor donoan hi parakrami tatha kathin karm karane vale haian, isase ve log jis or raheange, usaki apeksha du:khadayak kuchh bhi nahian hai, aur jisaki or n raheange, use bhi usase adhik du:kh ka vishay kuchh bhi nahian ho sakata.[4]

kavyoan mean

  • krishnakavy mean akroor kans ke doot, punyatma, brajavasi tatha mathura vasi krishn ki katha ke sanyojak aur krishn bhakt ke roop mean chitrit hue haian. akroor ke charitr aur usase sambandhit kathaoan ka mooladhar bhagavat[5] mean prapt hai. bhagavat ke akroor krishn ke shubhachintak, sanrakshak, abhibhavak aur antat: bhakt haian.
  • lok prasiddhi ke anusar ve yadavavanshi tatha vasudev ke bhaee kahe jate haian. inaki mata ka nam gaandini tatha pita ka nam shvaphalk tha, atev inake lie 'suphalak sut' shabd ka bhi prayog hua hai. akroor ki patni ka nam ugrasena tha. kaha jata hai ki anadrit hone par ye krishn ki rajasabha mean rahane lage the. kans ke adesh par ye dhanush yajn ke bahane balaram aur krishn ko mathura lane ke lie gokul jate haian. moolat: krishn bhakt hone ke karan brajagaman par krishn ke roop tatha alaukik vyaktitav ke chiantan dvara akroor ki bhaktibhavana abhivyanjit hoti haian. kadachit akroor ke bhakti pravan vyaktitv ke hi karan krishn unaka atithy svikar karate haian.
  • krishn ke mathura evan dvarika pravas mean akroor unake anugami bhakt hi rahate haian. dhanva se prapt syamantak mani ke sanrakshan ke karan akroor ka vishesh mahattv badh jata hai kyoanki is mani ke sanrakshak ko vipul dhanarashi ki prapti ki prasiddhi thi tatha isake dvara anavrishti adi ka niyantran bhi sanbhav tha. ek bar kisi karanavash akroor ke dvarika chho dakar anyatr chale jane ke karan dvarika mean anavrishti, durbhiksh, akal adi ka prabaly ho utha. krishn ke nirdesh par dvarikavasi akroor ko dvarika vapas laye jisase samast upadrav shant ho gaye. yadyapi ye mani ko chhipakar rakhate the, parantu krishn ke kahane par akroor ne unhean mani dikha di.
  • sooradas ne bhagavat mean prapt katha ke parivardhit evan vistrit roop ke madhy se akroor ka charitr prastut kiya hai.[6] bhagavat ke anusar mathura jate samay marg mean akroor yamuna snan karate haian to inhean jal mean krishn ke darshan hote haian, kintu phir kar dekhane par krishn rath mean usi prakar baithe hue dikhaee dete haian. bhagavat mean krishn ke is prakar ke darshan ka koee karan nirdisht nahian hua, kintu soor ne akroor ki bhaktinishthata ki vyanjana karate hue antardvandv mean phanse bhakt ke sandeh nivaranarth aradhy krishn ka darshan karaya hai. isi prakar akroor ke shyamavarn evan roop ki vishisht kalpana soor ki maulik udbhavana hai jisake karan 'bhramaragit' ke prasang mean ve akaran hi gopiyoan ki upeksha ke bhagi banate haian.
  • vaishnavadas, rasakhan, anandadas, jayaram, sabalasyam hitadas, krishnadas adi dvara kiye gaye bhagavat dasham skandh ke bhashanuvadoan mean akroor ka charitr bhagavat ke hi adhar par chitrit hua hai. sooradas ke saman kisi bhi kavi ne unake vyaktitv mean bhakti ka rang ubharane ka yatn nahian kiya.
  • ritiyug mean akroor ka charitr krishn katha ki sankuchit paridhi evan simit drishtikonoan ke karan upekshit-sa raha. 'bhramaragit' evan gopiyoan ki virahanubhooti ke sandarbh mean prasang vash unake upeksha bhagi ke roop mean sphut kavittoan ke antargat akroor ka namollekh matr hua hai.
  • adhunik krishn kavyoan mean keval dvarikaprasad mishr krit 'krishnayan'[7] ke atirikt ayodhyasianh upadhyay ke 'priy pravas'[8] tatha maithilisharan gupt krit 'dvapar'[9] adi kavy-granthoan mean krishn katha ke sankochan evan drishtikonagat parivartan ke karan akroor ka charitr poornata ke sath varnit n ho saka. adhikatar ve brajavasi tatha dvarikavasi krishn ki katha ke sanyojak hi roop mean varnit hue haian. ve balaram aur krishn ko braj se mathura lane ke apane kroor karm ke lie pashchatap karate haian. isake atirikt adhunik yug ka buddhivad unake bhaktipravan vyaktitv ko prabhavit karata hua dikhaee p data hai. krishnayan, priy pravas, dvapar mean any patroan ke saman ve bhi apane paramparagat roop ki apeksha prabuddh dikhaye gaye haian.


tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. hari0 b0 pu0, vishnu parv, 25 26
  2. shrimadh bhagavat, 10 .39, 42, 49 .
  3. brahm puran, 191-192 .(adholikhit aansh se itar shrimadh bhagavat jaisa hi hai.
  4. syataan yasyahukakroorau kian nu du:khataran tat: .
    yasy vapi n tau syataan kian nu du:khataran tat: ॥10॥mahabharat shaanti parv adhyay-82
  5. bhagavat(dashamaskandh 38.39.40.56.57
  6. soorasagar, dashamh skandh p0 3629-3651, 1645,4809
  7. krishnayan, avataran, mathura dvarika kand
  8. priy pravas, sarg 2.3
  9. dvapar, pri0 122-131

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