vishay soochi
gita darpan -svami ramasukhadas
105. gita sanbandhi vyakaran ki kuchh batean
(1)jin dhatuoan mean phal aur vyapar ka ashray ek hi ho, ve dhatuean ‘akarmak’ kahalati haian, jaise- ‘purushah shete’, is vaky mean ‘shinh’ dhatu ka phal vishram aur letana adi roop vyapar karta mean hi raha. ‘lah karmani ch bhave chakarmakebhyah’[1]- is sootr se lath, lith (vartaman, bhootakal) adi lakar sakarmak dhatuoan se karm mean aur karta mean hote haian, jaise- ‘maya gita pathyate’ yahaan ‘pathh’ dhatu se vartaman arth mean ‘lath’ lakar karm mean hua. karm ukt hone se gita mean prathama vibhakti ho gayi aur karm ke anusar ‘pathyate’ kriya ekavachan ho gayi. is vaky ko ‘karmavachy’ kahate haian. gita mean bhi ‘dhoomenavriyate vahriryathadarsho malen ch. yatolbenavrito garbhah.....’,[2] ‘yatsaankhyaiah prapyate sthanamh’[3] adi prayog aye haian. karmavachy ka yah niyam hai ki karta tritiy mean aur karm prathama mean hota hai tatha karm ke anusar kriya chalati hai. sakarmak dhatuoan se jahaan karta mean lakar hote haian, vahaan karta ukt hone se karta mean prathama aur karm anukt hone se karm mean ‘karmani dvitiya’[4]—is sootr se dvitiya vibhakti hoti hai tatha kriya karta ke anusar chalati hai. is vaky ko kartrivachy kahate haian; jaise- ‘ahan gitaan pathami’. gita mean bhi ‘saankhyayogau prithagbala pravadanti n panditaah’,[5] ‘n maan karmani limpanti’[6] adi prayog aye haian. lath, lith adi lakar akarmak dhatuoan se bhav mean aur karta mean hota hai, jaise, ‘maya bhooyate’ yahaan bhav mean lakar hone se kriya mean pratham purush ka ekavachan hi raha aur karta anukt hone se usamean tritiya vibhakti ho gayi. is vaky ko ‘bhavavachy’ kahate haian. parantu jahaan akarmak dhatuoan se lakar karta mean hota hai, vahaan karta ukt hone se karta mean prathama hoti hai aur kriya karta ke anusar chalati hai. is vaky ko kartrivachy kahate haian, jaise- ‘ahan bhavami’. |
tika-tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
kram sankhya | path ka nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj