vishay soochi
gita darpan -svami ramasukhadas
104. gita mean abhidha adi shaktiyoan ka varnan
shabd aur arth ka apas mean ghanishth sanbandh hota hai. kisi bat ko, arth ko samajhana ho to shabdoan ke dvara hi samajhaya jata hai aur shabdoan ke dvara vahi samajh sakata hai, jisako un shabdoan ke arth ka jnan ho. is shabd ka yah arth hai- isaka jnan karane ke lie char shaktiyaan haian- abhidha, lakshana, vyanjana aur tatparya. inamean se abhidha shakti to sab jagah rahati hi hai, usake sath lakshana adi shaktiyaan bhi kam karati rahati haian. gita mean abhidha shaktiyaan bhi kam karati rahati haian. gita mean abhidha shakti to sab jagah hai hi, kahian-kahian lakshana adi shaktiyaan bhi ayi haian. isaka jnan karane ke lie abhidha, lakshana adi shaktiyoan ka tho da sa digdarshan karaya jata hai. 1. abhidha- jo shabd ke arth ko sidha hi prakat karati hai, vah ‘abhidha shakti’ kahalati hai. arthath vachy-vachak ke sanbandh mean vachak (shabd) apane vachy- (vastu, vyakti adi) ko jis shakti se prakat karata hai, usako ‘abhidha’ kahate haian. jaise, bhagavanh ne kaha ki ‘arjun! is sharir ko kshetr kaha jata hai’- ‘idan shariran kauntey kshetr mityabhidhiyate’[1] yahaan ‘kshetr’ ki abhidha shakti hai. 2. lakshana- jis shabd athava vaky ke arth ko prakat karane mean abhidha shakti kam nahian karati, us shabd athava vaky ka rth jisase prakat hota hai, vah ‘lakshana shakti’ kahalati hai. doosare shabdoan mean vakta ke lakshy ko batane ki jo vritti hai, usako ‘lakshan shakti’ kahate haian. jaise, arjun ne kaha ki ‘jin kutumbiyoan ke lie ham rajy, bhog aur sukh chahate haian, ve hi dhan aur pranoan ki asha ko chho dakar yuddh karane ke lie samane kh de haian- ‘pranaanstyaktva dhanani ch’[2] agar jahaan abhidha shakti se sidha yah arth liya jay ki ‘pranoan ko chho dakar kh de haian’ to yah asanbhav bat hogi; kyoanki jinhoanne pranoan ko chho d diya hai, ve kh de kaise haian? aur kh de haian to pranoan ko chho da kaise? atah yahaan lakshana shakti se ‘ve pranoan ki (jine ki) bhi asha ko chho dakar kh de haian’- aisa arth hi lena p dega. isi tarah ‘madarthe tyaktajivitaah’[3] adi udaharan bhi samajh lene chahie. |
tika-tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
kram sankhya | path ka nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj