aisi hi aur any batoan mean bhi yahi niyam lagaya jata hai. hamare shastroan ka yah kathan nahian hai ki jhooth bolakar kisi khooni ki jan bachayi jae. shastroan mean khoon karane vale adami ke lie dehant, prayashchit athava vadhadand ki saza kahi gee hai, isi lie vah saza pane athava vadh karane ke yogy hai. sab shastrakaroan ne yahi kaha hai ki aise samay athava isi ke saman aur kisi samay, jo adami jhoothi gavahi deta hai vah apane sat ya aur adhik poorvajoan sahit narak mean jata hai॥[1] parantu jab karnaparv mean varnit ukt choroan ke drishtaant ke saman, hamare sach bolane se niraparadhi adamiyoan ki jan jane ki ashanka ho to us samay kya karana chahie? grin namak ek aangrez granthakar ne apane 'nitishastr ka upodghat' namak granth mean likha hai ki aise maukoan par nitishastr mook ho jate haian. yadyapi, manu aur yajnavalky aise prasangoan ki ganana satyapavad mean karate haian, tathapi yah bhi usake mat mean gaun bat hai. isi lie aant mean unhoanne is apavad ke lie bhi prayashchit batalaya hai– 'tatpavanay nirvapyashcharooah sarasvato dvijaiah.[2]
kuchh b de aangrezoan ne jinhean ahiansa ke apavad ke vishay mean ashchary nahian maloom hota, hamare shastrakaroan ko saty ke vishay mean dosh dene ka yatn kiya hai. isilie yahaan is bat ka ullekh kiya jata hai ki saty ke vishay mean, pramanik eesaee dharmopadeshak aur nitishastr ke aangrez granthakar kya kahate haian. kraist ka shishy p aaul baibil mean kahata hai ki 'yadi mere asaty bhashan se prabhu ke saty ki mahima aur badhati hai (arthat; eesaee dharm ka adhik prachar hota hai), to isase maian papi kyoan ho sakata hooan'?[3] eesaee dharm ke itihasakar milamain ne likha hai ki prachin eesaee dharmopadeshak kee bar isi tarah acharan kiya karate the. yah bat sach hai ki vartaman samay ke nitishastrajn, kisi ko dhokha dekar ya bhulakar dharm bhrasht karake, nyay nahian maneange. parantu ve bhi yah kahane ko taiyar nahian haian ki saty dharm apavad–rahit hai. udaharanarth; yah dekhie ki sijavik nam ke jis pandit ka nitishastr hamare k aaulejoan mean padhaya jata hai, usaki kya ray hai. karm aur akarm ke sandeh ka nirnay, jis tattv ke adhar par, yah granthakar kiya karata hai, usako 'sabase adhik logoan ka sabase adhik sukh' (bahut logoan ka bahut sukh) kahate haian. isi niyam ke anusar yah nirnay kiya hai ki chhote l dakoan ko aur pagaloan ko uttar dene ke samay, aur isi prakar bimar adamiyoan ko (yadi sach bat suna dene se unake svasthy ke big d jane ka bhay ho) apane shatruoan ko, choroan ko aur (yadi bina bole kam n simatata ho to) jo anyay se prashn karean, unako uttar dene ke samay athava vakiloan ko apane vyavasay mean jhooth bolana anuchit nahian hai.[4]
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ manusmriti, 8.89–99; mahabharat, adiparv, 7.3
- ↑ yajnavalky smriti. 2.83; manusmriti. 8.104–106
- ↑ rom. 3.7
- ↑ Sidgwick’s Methods of Ethics, Book III. Chap. XI • 6.p.355 (7th Ed.). Also, see pp.315-317 (same Ed.).
sanbandhit lekh
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