गांधारी

sankshipt parichay
gaandhari
gaandhari tatha dhritarashtr
pita subal
samay-kal mahabharat
parijan dhritarashtr, shakuni, duryodhan, du:shasan, duahshala
vivah dhritarashtr
santan duryodhan, du:shasan adi kaurav
nivas hastinapur
any vivaran lambe samay tak santan n hone par gaandhari ne mukke ke prahar se apana garbh gira diya tha, kiantu bhagavan shiv ke varadan aur maharshi vyas ki kripa se unhean sau kauravoan ki prapti huee.
mrityu davagni mean jalakar
sanbandhit lekh dhritarashtr, duryodhan, kaurav
vishesh gaandhari ne shrikrishn ko yah shap diya ki jis prakar kuru vansh ka nash hua hai, usi prakar yadukul ka bhi nash hoga.
any janakari gaandhari ke pati maharaj dhritarashtr netrahin the, isilie unhoanne bhi apani aankhoan par patti baandh li aur use jivan paryant baandhe rahian. mahabharat yuddh ke bad gaandhari bhi pati ke sath van mean chali geean.

gaandhari gaandhar desh ke subal namak raja ki kanya thian. kyoanki vah gaandhar ki rajakumari thian, isilie unaka nam gaandhari p da. vah hastinapur ke maharaj dhritarashtr ki patni aur duryodhan adi kauravoan ki mata thian. gaandhari ki bhagavan shiv mean vishesh astha thi, aur ye shiv ki param bhakt thian. ek pativrata ke roop mean gaandhari adarsh nari siddh huee thian. apane pati dhritarashtr ke andha hone ke karan vivahoparaant hi gaandhari ne bhi aankhoan par patti baandh li tatha use ajivan baandhe rahian. mahabharat ke anantar gaandhari apane pati dhritarashtr, kunti aur vidur ke sath van mean chali gayian, jahaan davagni[1] mean ve jalakar bhasm ho gayian.

parichay

sansar ki pativrata aur mahan nariyoan mean gaandhari ka vishesh sthan hai. gaandhar ke raja subal unake pita aur shakuni bhaee the. jab gaandhari ka vivah netrahin dhritarashtr se hua, tabhi se gaandhari ne bhi apani aankhoan par patti baandh li. unhoanne socha ki jab mere pati hi netrahin haian, tab mujhe sansar ko dekhane ka adhikar nahian hai. pati ke liye indriyasukh ke tyag ka aisa udaharan anyatr nahian milata. kiantu gaandhari ka bhaee shakuni is vivah se prasann nahian tha, kyoanki netrahin dhritarashtr ke sath gaandhari ke vivah ka prastav lekar jab gangaputr bhishm subal ke pas pahuanche, tab shakuni ne ise apane pita tatha svayan ka bahut b da apaman mana. shakuni is bat se b da krodhit tha ki usaki bahan ke lie bhishm ek netrahin vyakti ka prastav lekar aye haian. shakuni ne usi din yah pran kar liya ki vah hastinapur mean kabhi sukh-shaanti nahian rahane dega. mahabharat yuddh ke lie jo paristhitiyaan uttaradayi thian, unake lie gaandhari ka bhaee shakuni bhi ek b da karan tha.

vivah aur santan

gaandhari bhagavan shiv ki aradhana se sau putroan ki mata banane ka varadan pa chuki thian. bhishm ki prerana se dhritarashtr ka vivah gaandhari ke sath kiya gaya. gaandhari ne jab suna ki usaka bhavi pati aandha hai to usane bhi apani aankhoan par patti baandh li, jisase ki pativrat dharm ka palan kar paye. ek din jab maharshi vyas atyant thake hue tatha bhookhe the, ve mahal mean padhare. aise samay mean gaandhari ne unaka adar-satkar kiya. prasann hokar vyas ne gaandhari ko apane pati ke anuroop sau putr prapt karane ka varadan diya. garbhadhan ke uparaant do varsh bit gaye. kunti ne ek putr prapt bhi kar liya, kiantu gaandhari ne santan ko janm nahian diya. at: krodh aur eershya ke vashibhoot usane apane udar par prahar kiya, jisase lohe ke saman kathor maansapiand nikala. vyas ke prakat hone par gaandhari ne unhean sab kuchh kah sunaya. vyas ne ek gupt sthan par ghi se bhare hue ek sau ek matake rakhava diye. maansapiand ko shital jal se dhone par usake ek sau ek khand ho gaye. pratyek khand ek-ek matake mean do varsh ke lie rakh diya gaya. usake bad dhakkan kholane par pratyek matake se ek-ek balak prakat hua. aantim matake se ek kanya prapt huee, usaka nam duahshala rakha gaya tatha usaka vivah jayadrath se hua.

jyoshth putr duryodhan

pahala mataka kholane par jo balak prakat hua tha, usaka nam duryodhan hua. usane janm lete hi buri tarah se bolana praranbh kar diya. is samay prakriti mean kee apashakun prakat hue. panditoan ne maharaj dhritarashtr se kaha ki is balak ka parityag kar dene se kaurav vansh ki raksha ho sakati hai anyatha anarth hoga, kiantu moh vash gaandhari tatha dhritarashtr ne usaka parityag nahian kiya. usi din kunti ke ghar mean bhim ne janm liya. dhritarashtr ki ek vaishy jati ki sevika thi, jisase dhritarashtr ko yuyutsukaran namak putr ki prapti huee.

dhritarashtr aur gaandhari

nyayapriy mahila

gaandhari ek pativrata hone ke sath hi atyant nirbhik aur nyayapriy mahila thian. dyootakri da mean har jane par, inake putroan ne jab bhari sabha mean pandavoan ki bharya tatha kulavadhu draupadi ke sath atyachar kiya, tab inhoanne du:khi hokar usaka khula virodh kiya. jab inake pati maharaj dhritarashtr ne duryodhan ki batoan mean akar pandavoan ko dubara dyoot ke liye amantrit kiya, tab inhoanne jue ka virodh karate hue apane pati se kaha- "svami!' duryodhan janm lete hi buri tarah se roya tha. usi samay param jnani vidur ne usaka tyag kar dene ki salah di thi. mujhe aisa pratit hota hai ki yah kul-kalank kuru vansh ka nash karake hi chho dega. ap apane doshoan se sabako vipatti mean mat daliye. in dhith moorkhoan ki haan mean haan milakar is vansh ke nash ka karan mat baniye. kulakalank duryodhan ko tyagana hi shreyaskar hai. maianne mohavash us samay vidur ki bat nahian mani, usi ka yah phal hai. rajyalakshmi kroor ke hath mean p dakar usi ka satyanash kar deti haian. bina vichare kam karana ap ke liye b da du:khadayi siddh hoga." gaandhari ki is salah mean dharm, niti aur nishpakshata ka anupam samanvay hai.

kathan

mahabharat ka yuddh prarambh hone se pahale bhagavan shrikrishn sandhi ke lie shantidoot banakar hastinapur gaye the. unhoanne duryodhan ke samaksh yah prastav rakha tha ki yadi pandavoan ko paanch gaanv bhi de diye jaean tab bhi ve yuddh nahian kareange aur santusht ho jayeange. kiantu duryodhan ne unake prastav ko thukara diya tatha bina yuddh ke sooee ki noank ke barabar bhi bhoomi dena svikar nahian kiya. isake bad gaandhari ne usako samajhate hue kaha- "beta! meri bat dhyan se suno. bhagavan shrikrishn, bhishm, dronachary tatha viduraji ne jo batean tumase kahi haian, unhean svikar karane mean hi tumhara hit hai. jis prakar uddand gho de marg mean moorkh sarathi ko mar dalate haian, usi prakar yadi indriyoan ko vash mean n rakha jay to manushy ka sarvanash ho jata hai. indriyaan jisake vash mean haian, usake pas rajyalakshmi chirakal tak surakshit rahati haian. bhagavan shrikrishn aur arjun ko koee nahian jit sakata. tum shrikrishn ki sharan lo. pandavoan ka nyayochit bhag tum unhean de do aur unase sandhi kar lo. isi mean donoan pakshoan ka hit hai. yuddh karane mean kalyan nahian hai." dusht duryodhan ne gaandhari ke is uttam upadesh par dhyan nahian diya, jisake karan sabhi ka kalyan sambhv tha.

duryodhan ko vajr ka banana

mahabharat ke yuddh mean sabhi kaurav mare gaye, keval duryodhan hi ab tak jivit bacha hua tha. aise mean gaandhari ne apani aankhoan ki patti kholakar duryodhan ke sharir ko vajr ka karana chaha. gaandhari ne bhagavan shiv se yah varadan paya tha ki vah jis kisi ko bhi apane netroan ki patti kholakar nagnavastha mean dekhegi, usaka sharir vajr ka ho jayega. isilie gaandhari ne duryodhan se kaha ki vah ganga mean snan karane ke pashchath usake samane nagn avastha mean upasthit ho, kintu krishn ki yojana aur bahakane ke karan duryodhan ka samast sharir vajr ka nahian ho saka. jab duryodhan ganga snan ke bad nagn avastha mean gaandhari ke samaksh upasthit hone ke lie a raha tha, tabhi marg mean shrikrishn use mil gaye aur unhoanne duryodhan ko bahaka diya ki itana b da ho jane ke bad bhi vah gaandhari ke samaksh nagn hokar jayega. shrikrishn ne duryodhan se kaha ki kya tumhean lajja nahian ati. is par duryodhan ne apani jangha par patte lapet lie aur gaandhari ke samaksh upasthit ho gaya. jab gaandhari ne apane netroan se patti kholakar use dekha to usaki divy drishti jangha par nahian p d saki, jis karan duryodhan ki janghaean vajr ki nahian ho sakian. apane pran ke anusar hi mahabharat ke ant mean bhim ne gada se duryodhan ki jaangh par prahar kiya.

mamatamayi maan

mahabharat yuddh ke aantim samay mean, jab bhim dvara duryodhan ki jangha to d di gee aur vah bhoomi par p da apani mrityu ki pratiksha kar raha tha, gaandhari ne apani aankhoan ki patti ko khol diya aur vah kurukshetr mean dau di aee. unhoanne vahaan mahabharat ke mahayuddh ka vinashakari parinam dekha. unaka ekamatr jivit putr duryodhan bhi ab apani antim saanse le raha tha. pandav to kisi prakar bhagavan shrikrishn ki kripa se gaandhari ke krodh se bach gaye, kiantu bhagivash bhagavan shrikrishn ko unake shap ko shirodhary karana p da aur yaduvansh ka paraspar kalah ke karan mahavinash hua. yudhishthir ke rajyabhishek ke bad devi gaandhari kuchh samay tak pandavoan ke sath rahian aur ant mean apane pati ke sath tapasya karane ke liye van mean chali gayian. unhoanne apane pati ke sath apane sharir ko davagni mean bhasm kar dala. gaandhari ne is lok mean patiseva karake paralok mean bhi pati ka sannidhy prapt kiya. ve apane nashvar deh ko chho dakar apane pati ke sath hi kuber ke lok mean gayian. pativrata nariyoan ke liye gaandhari ka charitr anupam shiksha ka vishay hai.

mahabharat yuddh ke uparaant

mahabharat mean vijay prapt karane ke uparaant paandav putravihina gaandhari ke sammukh jane ka sahas nahian kar pa rahe the. vah unhean dekhate hi koee shap n de dean, is bat ka bhi bhay tha. at: un logoan ne shrikrishn ko taiyar karake unake pas bheja. krishn gaandhari ke krodh ka shaman kar aye. taduparaant paandav dhritarashtr ki ajna lekar gaandhari ke darshan karane gaye. gaandhari unhean shap dene ke lie udyat hueean kiantu maharshi vyas ne unaki man sthiti janakar unhean samajhaya ki kauravoan ke pratidin pranam karane par vah ashish deti thian ki jahaan dharm vahian jay hai, phir dharm ke jitane par unhean is prakar kruddh nahian hona chahie. gaandhari ne kaha ki bhim ne duryodhan ke sath adharm yuddh kiya tha. usane nabhi ke niche gada se prahar kiya, jo ki niyam-viruddh tha. at: us sandarbh mean vah unhean kaise kshama kar de? bhim ne apane is aparadh ke lie kshama-yachana ki, sath hi yad dilaya ki usane bhi dyoot kri da tatha draupadi chiraharan adi mean adharm ka prayog kiya tha. gaandhari ne pun: kaha- "tumane du:shasan ka raktapan kiya." bhim ne kaha- "soory putr yam janate haian ki rakt mere daant ke aandar nahian gaya, mere hath raktaranjit the. vah karm keval tras utpann karane ke lie kiya tha. draupadi ke kesh khianche jane par maianne aisi pratijna ki thi." gaandhari ne kaha- "tum mere kisi bhi ek kam aparadhi putr ko jivit chho d dete to ham donoan ke budhape ka sahara rahata." gaandhari ne yudhishthir ko pukara. vah kauravoan ka vadh karane ka aparadh svikarate hue gaandhari ke charan-sparsh karane lage. gaandhari ne aankh par bandhi patti se hi yudhishthir ke pair ki matr kor dekhi, jisase nakhoon kale p d gaye. yah dekhakar arjun bhayabhit hokar krishn ke pichhe chhip gaye. usake chhipane ki cheshta janakar gaandhari ka krodh thanda p d gaya. taduparaant pandavoan ne kunti ke darshan kiye. kunti paandavoan ke kshat-vikshat shariroan par hath pherati aur dekhati hi rah gayian. abhimanyu hi nahian aur bhi kee pandav putr viragati ko prapt hue the. kunti tatha draupadi apane betoan ko yad kar roti rahian. un sabake bina rajy bhala kis kam ka tha. gaandhari ne donoan ko dhiraj bandhaya. jo hona tha, ho gaya. usake lie shok karane se kya labh? tadanantar vedavyas ke varadan se gaandhari ko divy drishti prapt huee, jisase vah kauravoan ka sanpoorn vinash-sthal dekhane mean samarth ho gayian. gaandhari yuddh-kshetr mean p de kaurav-paandav bandhuoan, sainikoan ke shav tatha unase chipatakar roti unaki patniyoan aur mataoan ka vilap dekh-dekhakar shrikrishn ko sanbodhit kar rone lagian. un du:khitaoan mean uttara bhi thi, kauravoan ki patniyaan bhi thian, duahshala bhi thi. bhoorishrava ki patniyaan vilap kar rahi thian. shaly, bhagadatt, bhishm, dron ko dekh gaandhari sisakati rahian, vilap karati rahian.

krishn ko shap

drupad ki raniyaan aur putr vadhuean usaki jalati chita ki parikrama le rahi thian. rote-rote gaandhari achanak kruddh ho uthian. unhoanne shrikrishn se kaha- "mere pativrat mean bal hai to shap deti hooan ki yadav vanshi samast log paraspar l dakar mar jayeange. tumhara vansh nasht ho jayega, tum akele jangal mean ashobhaniy mrityu prapt karoge, kyoanki kaurav-paandavoan ka yuddh rok lene mean ekamatr tum hi samarth the aur tumane unhean roka nahian. tumhare dekhate-dekhate kuru vansh ka nash ho gaya." shrikrishn ne muskarakar kaha- "jo kuchh ap kah rahi haian, yatharth hai. yah sab to poorv nishchit hai, aisa hi hoga."[2]

gaandhari putr kauravoan ke nam
kram sankhya nam kram sankhya nam kram sankhya nam kram sankhya nam kram sankhya nam
1. duryodhan 2. duahshasan 3. duahsah 4. du:shal 5. jalasangh
6. sam 7. sah 8. viand 9. anuviand 10. durdharsh
11. subahu 12. dushpradharshan 13. durmarshan 14. durmukh 15. dushkarn
16. vikarn 17. shal 18. sattvan 19. sulochan 20. chitr
21. upachitr 22. chitraksh 23. charuchitr 24. sharasan 25. durmad
26. durvishah 27. vivitsu 28. vikatanan 29. oornanabh 30. sunabh
31. nand 32. upanand 33. chitraban 34. chitravarma 35. suvarma
36. durvimochan 37. ayobahu 38. mahabahu 39. chitraang 40. chitrakundal
41. bhimaveg 42. bhimabal 43. balaki 44. balavardhan 45. ugrayudh
46. sushen 47. kundadhar 48. mahodar 49. chitrayudh 50. nishangi
51. pashi 52. vrindarak 53. dridhavarma 54. dridhakshatr 55. somakirtti
56. anoodar 57. dridhasandh 58. jarasangh 59. satyasandh 60. sad:suvak
61. ugrashrava 62. ugrasen 63. senani 64. dushparajay 65. aparajit
66. kundashayi 67. vishalaksh 68. duradhar 69. dridhahast 70. suhast
71. vataveg 72. suvarcha 73. adityaketu 74. bahashi 75. nagadatt
76. ugr 77. kavachi 78. krathan 79. kundi 80. bhimabal
81. anuyayi 82. virabahu 83. alolup 84. abhay 85. raudrakarma
86. dridharathashray 87. anadhrishy 88. kundabhedi 89. viravi 90. chitrasen
91. pramath 92. pramathi 93. dirgharoma 94. vyoodhoru 95. dirghabahu
96. sujat 97. kanakadhvaj 98. kundashi 99. viraja 100 yuyutsu
  • yadyapi alag-alag granthoan mean kauravoan ke kuchh namoan mean parivartan bhi milate haian. uparokt sau kauravoan ki ek bahin bhi thi, jisaka nam 'duahshala' tha aur jisaka vivah jayadrath ke sath sampann hua tha.


tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. van mean lagi ag
  2. mahabharat, adiparv, adhyay 109, 114 115, striparv 21-25, shalyaparv 63

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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