is drishti se vichar karane par maloom hota hai ki dharm-adharm ya karm-akarm ka vivechan ek svatantr shastr hi hai jo nyay tatha vyakaran se bhi adhik gahan hai. prachin sanskrit granthoan mean 'nitishastr' shabd ka upayog prayah rajaniti-shastr hi ke vishay mean kiya gaya hai aur karttavy–akarttavy ke vivechan ko 'dharmashastr' kahate haian. parantu ajakal 'niti' shabd hi mean karttavy athava sadacharan ka bhi samavesh kiya jata hai. isalie hamane vartaman padyati ke anusar is granth mean dharm-adharm ya karm-akarm ke vivechan ko hi 'nitishastr' kaha hai. niti, karm–akarm ya dharm–adharm ke vivechan ka yah shastr b da gahan hai. yah bhav pragat karane ke lie sookshma gatirhian dharmasy- arthat; dharm ya vyavaharik niti–dharm ka svaroop sookshm hai, yah vachan mahabharat mean kee jagah par upayukt ho chuka hai. paanch paandavoan ne milakar akeli draupadi ke sath vivah kaise kiya? draupadi ke vastraharan ke samay bhishm, dron adi satpurush shoony hriday hokar chupachap kyoan baithe rahe?
dusht duryodhan ki or se yuddh karate samay bhishm aur dronachary ne apane paksh ka samarthan karane ke lie jo yah si़ddhant batalaya ki arthasy purusho dasah dasastvartho n kasyachith– purush arth (sampatti) ka das hai, arth kisi ka das nahian ho sakata[1], yah sach hai ya jhooth? yadi sevadharm ko kutte ki vritti ke saman nindaniy mana hai, jaise seva shvavrittirakhyata[2], to arth ke das ho jane ke badale bhishm adi ne duryodhan ki seva hi ka tyag kyoan nahian kar diya? inake saman aur bhi kee prashn hote haian jinaka nirnay karana bahut kathin hai, kyoanki inake vishay mean prasang ke anusar bhinn–bhinn manushyoan ke bhinn–bhinn anuman ya nirnay hua karate haian. yahi nahian samajhana chahie ki dharm ke tattv sirf sookshm hi haian –sookshma gatirhian dharmasy[3]; kintu mahabharat[4] mean yah bhi kaha hai ki bahushakha hyanantika – arthath; usaki shakhaean bhi anek haian aur usase nikalane vale anuman bhi bhinn bhinn haian. tuladhar aur jajali ke sanvad mean dharm ka vivechan karate samay tuladhar bhi yahi kahata hai ki sookshmatvann s vijnatuan shakyate bahunihnavah– arthat; dharm bahut sookshm aur chakkar mean dalane vala hota hai, isalie vah samajh mean nahian ata.[5]
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ mahabharat, bhishm parv, 43.35
- ↑ manusmriti. 409
- ↑ mahabharat. 10.70
- ↑ mahabharat, van parv, 208.2
- ↑ mahabharat, shanti parv, 291.37
sanbandhit lekh
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