भारत सावित्री -वासुदेवशरण अग्रवाल पृ. 428

bharat savitri -vasudevasharan agraval
6. bhishm parv

adhyay : 10

1. udichy janapad

prachin bharatavasi is desh ki sima madhy eshiya ke meru parvat ya pamir pathar tak manate the. us bhoomi ka janapadiy nam kamboj tha. usaki pradhan nadi vankshu thi. is vistrit bhoo bhag mean char janapadoan ko spasht pahachan lena chahie, arthat kamboj, bahlik, kapish aur gandhar. inamean kapish ke atirikt aur tinoan nam yahaan diye ge haian: takshashila se kabul nadi tak ka pradesh prachin gandhar tha. sindhu nadi use do bhagoan mean baantati thi. ek poorv-gandhar jisaki rajadhani takshashila thi aur doosara apar-gandhar, jisaki rajadhani pushkalavati thi, yah svat aur kabul nadi ke sangam par atyant prasiddh sthan tha, par jisaki jagah aj charasadda namak ek chhota-sa gaanv rah gaya hai. kee puranoan mean pushkalavati ke pradesh ko alag janapad manakar pushpakalaah nam diya hai. yah jnatavy hai ki sanskrit vyakaran ke anusar janapadoan ke nam sada bahuvachan mean hote haian. apar-gandhar ke pashchim mean hindookush parvat hai, jisaka purana nam uparishyen tha. use par karane par kapish janapad ki bhoomi thi, jise ab kapharistan ka ilaka kahate haian. usake bad aur pashchim ki or baanmiyaan ghati par karake uttar ki or mu dakar bahlik janapad pahuanchate the, jise ab balkh kahate haian. yahi bahlik prachin yoonani bhasha mean baiktriya kahalata tha. aj ki tarah prachin kal mean bhi sindhu nadi ke donoan or ka paha di ilaka l dakoo jatiyoan se bhara hua tha. unake anek kabile the. unake bahut se nam sanskrit-sahity mean milate haian. unamean se do nam ati prasiddh haian, ek mohamand aur doosare apharidi. mohamandoan ka prachin nam madhumant aur apharidiyoan ka aprit tha. ye log abhi bhi apane ap ko ‘aparidi’ kahate haian aur yoonani lekhakoan ne bhi inhean ‘aparitai’ likha hai. mohamand ‘dir’ ilake ke rahane vale haian aur apharidi ‘tira’ ke. ye do nam bhi sanskrit bhasha se nikale haian. chitral aur gauri (vartaman panjakora) nadiyoan ke bich ka hissa ‘dviravatik’ (ajakal ka dir) tha. kabul nadi ke dakshin triravatik (vartaman tira) tha, jo kubha nadi (kabul nadi), vara (peshavar ki bara nadi) aur sindhu in tin nadiyoan ke bich ka pradesh tha. patanjali ke mahabhashy mean in donoan ka ek sath nam aya hai. apritoan ka nam is soochi mean nahian hai, par panini ne unaka ullekh kiya hai. paha di kandaraoan ya garoan mean rahane ke karan kabayali logoan ko ‘girigaharavasinah’ kaha gaya hai. is soochi mean girigahar nam ke ek vishesh janapad ya kabile ka ullekh hai. sambhav hai ki gori nam ke kabayali isi samooh ke hoan. is sambandh mean vatajam aur rathorag ye do nam vichar yogy haian aur inhian jatiyoan ke jan p date haian. vatajam ka arth hai hava ke veg se jane vale (gatyarthak jamh dhatu, nighantu) aur rathorag ka arth hai rath ki chhati ya thokar se gaman karane vale. is prakar ka rath gaanvoan mean phirak kahalata hai.

sanbandhit lekh

bharat savitri -vasudevasharan agraval

kr.s.

vishay

prishth sankhya

khand : 1
	bhoomika	1
1.	shatasahastri sanhita	7
1.adi parv
2.	katha-sar tatha parv-soochi	20
3.	janamejay ka nag-yajn	33
4.	shakuntalopakhyan	43
5.	raja yayati ka upakhyan	54
6.	paurav-raj-vanshavali	67
7.	bhishm ka udatt charit	72
8.	kaurav-pandavoan ka balyakal	84
9.	draupadi-svayanvar	98
10.	subhadra-parinay	106
2.sabha parv
11.	devarshi narad ka upadesh	114
12.	yudhishthir ki sabha	125
13.	jarasandh-vadh	129
14.	digvijay	136
15.	yudhishthir ka rajasooy yajn	146
16.	duryodhan ka santap	152
17.	shakuni ka kapat-dyoot	158
18.	draupadi-chiraharan	165
3. aranyak parv
19.	vidur par dhritarashtr ka kop	176
20.	maitrey rrishi ka shap	180
21	shrikrishn ka ashvasan	187
22.	dharm aur karm ki gahan gati	192
23.	arjun ki shastrastr-prapti	199
24.	nalopakhyan	207
25.	tirth-yatra-1	218
26.	tirth-yatra-2	223
27.	kurukshetr ka pradesh	232
28.	ashtavakr ki katha	237
29.	yavakrit ki katha	241
30.	himalay ke puny pradesh mean	242
31.	ajagar parv	250
32.	markandey-samasya	257
33.	pratyaksh dharm ki udatt kathaean	262
34.	draupadi-satyabhama-sanvad	271
35.	duryodhan ki ghosh-yatra	273
36.	draupadi-haran	278
37.	ramopakhyan	282
38.	savitri-upakhyan	289
39.	kundalaharan	296
40.	yaksh-yudhishthir-prashnottari	299
4.virat parv
41.	pandavoan ka ajnatavas	307
42.	gograhan	316
khand : 2
	bhoomika	326
5. udyog parv
43.	sainyodyog	336
44.	sanjayayan	351
45.	prajagar parv	355
46.	rrishi sanatsujat ka upadesh	374
47.	yanasandhi parv	218
48.	bhagavadyan parv	389
49.	dhritarashtr ki sabha mean krishn	396
50.	sainy parv	405
51.	ambopakhyan	405
52.	mataliy upakhyan aur galav-charit	409
6. bhishm parv
53.	bhuvanakosh parv	414
54.	shrimadbhagavadgita parv	428
55.	bhishm-yuddh-varnan	507
7. dron parv
56.	dron parv	510
57.	sanshaptakavadh parv	511
58.	abhimanyuvadh parv	514
59.	pratijna parv	515
60.	jayadrathavadh parv	518
61.	ghatotkach parv	518
62.	dronavadh parv	519
63.	narayanastramoksh parv	519
8. karn parv
64.	karnayuddh-varnan	522
9. shaly parv
65.	shaly-yuddh varnan	532
10. sauptik parv
66.	ashvatthama ki shirovedana	536
11. stri parv
67.	gandhari ka vilap	537
khand : 3
	bhoomika	538
12. shanti parv
68.	karnabhijnan	541
69.	yudhishthir nirved	543
70.	yudhishthir ka bhishm ke pas jana	562
71.	bhishm stavaraj	562
72.	rajadharm ka sar	566
73.	varnoan aur ashramoan ke dharm	575
74.	dasyu jatiyoan ka ary sanskriti mean parivartan	581
75.	raja ki utpatti	583
76.	raja ka devatv vichar	584
77.	bahm-kshatr ka sammilit adarsh	588
78.	rajadharm aur apramad	592
79.	vijigishu raja ka vyavahar	594
80.	ganoan ka vritt	598
81.	rajabhrityoan ke gun-dosh	602
82.	apaddharm	610
83.	shatru mean avishvas ka drishtant	619
84.	prajnadarshan mean gunoan ki manyata aur dosh	626
85.	mokshadharm parv	633
86.	avantar drishtiyaan	640
87.	srishti aur pralay	641
88.	dhyan yog	646
89.	japayog	646
90.	svabhavavad aur adhyatmavad ka samanvay	647
91.	tuladhar-jajali sanvad	653
92.	go-kapiley sanvad	654
93.	kshar aur akshar mahima	659
94.	narayani parv	665
13. anushasan parv
95.	anushasan parv	673
96.	vratopavas	674
97.	tirth	481
98.	vishnu-mahima aur shiv-mahima	675
99.	vishnu aur shiv sahastranam	677
14. ashvamedhik parv
100.	ashvamedhik parv	678
15. ashramavasik parv
101	ashramavasik parv	681
16. mausal parv
102.	mausal parv	682
17. mahaprasthanik parv
103.	mahaprasthanik parv	683
104.	svargarohan parv	683
parishisht
	maharshi vyas	685
	vyas ka manaviy drishtikon	698
	mahapurush shrikrishn	701
	mahabharat mean sahityik shailiyaan	705