vishay soochi
bharat savitri -vasudevasharan agraval
12. shanti parv
adhyay : 59-66
prachin rajashastroan ki vishayanukramani sun lene ke bad yudhishthir ne varn aur ashramadharm sambandhi jijnasa ki. chatuvarny aur chaturashramy prachin bharatiy samaj-vyavastha ke mool the aur rajadharm ke anusar unaka palan raja ka mukhy kartavy tha. use praja-roop mean jo samaj prapt hota tha, usamean char varn aur char ashram ka sangathan sarvopari tha. atah unake vishay mean raja ki janakari avashyak thi. bhishm ne jo uttar diya, usaki bahut-si samagri ‘manusmriti’ se milati-julati hai. bhishm ne uttar diya, “mahan dharm ko pranam hai. bhagavan krishn ko pranam hai, brahmanoan ko pranam hai. maian ab shashvat dharmoan ka varnan karata hooan. akrodh, saty, dan, kshama, nij striyoan mean santanotpatti, shauch, indriy-nigrah, adroh, arjav, bhrity-bharan ye ‘nav sarvavarnika, kriya sab varnoan ke dharm haian. “keval brahman ke dharm haian, dam, svadhyay, adhyapan, dan, yajn, apaty-santan. raja kshatriy ko chahie ki vah dan de, par svayan n le. yajn kare par svayan n karave. svayan adhyayan kare, par adhyapan-kary n kare. prajaoan ka palan kare. dasyu-vadh mean nity udyam kare, ran mean parakram kare. jo som yajnoan se yajan karate haian, shrutavant hote haian aur jo yuddh mean vijayi hote haian, ve kshatriyoan mean lokajith kahalate haian. dasyu-nash ke atirikt kshatriy ka aur koee karm nahian hai. raja ko uchit hai ki prajaoan ko svadharm mean sthapit kare. vaishy ka dharm dan, adhyayan, yajn, shuchibhav se dhan ka sanchay aur pita ke saman pashupalan hai. prajapati ne pashuoan ko janm dekar unhean vaishy ko de diya. atah unaki raksha vaishy ka mukhy dharm hai. tin varnoan ki paricharya shoodr ka svabhavik karm hai. any varnoan ko chahie ki ve shoodroan ka bharan-poshan karean. vriddh aur durbal ho jane par shoodr ki vritti ka prabandh karana chahie. use apatti ke samay bhi svami ka sath nahian chho dana chahie. prajapati ne sab varnoan ke lie yajn mukhy karm banaya hai.[2] sab varnoan ke lie shraddha hi yajn hai.[3] yajn karane ki ichchha rakhane vale vaikhanas muniyoan ne yajn ke vishay mean ye gatha kahi haiah sooryoday se poorv ya pashchat shraddhapoorvak jitendriy vyakti ko dharmanusar agni mean havan karana chahie. isamean shraddha mahath karan hai. yajnoan ke anek roop haian, jo nana karmoan ke phal haian. jnanapoorvak nishchay karake unhean jo janata hai, aisa shraddhayukt dvijati yajn-karm ke yogy hai. tinoan lokoan mean yajn ke saman aur kuchh nahian hai. atah shraddhavan purush ko yajan karana chahie.”[4] |
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ avashy bharaniyo hi varnanaan shoodr uchyate, 60.31
- ↑ yajno manishaya tat sarvavarneshu bharat, 60.43
- ↑ tatsatsarveshu varneshu shraddhayajno vidhiyate
- ↑ a. 60
sanbandhit lekh
kr.s. | vishay | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj