श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता -रामसुखदास अध्याय 18 पृ. 1267

shrimadbhagavadgita sadhak-sanjivani hindi-tika -svami ramasukhadas

ashtadash adhyay

darshanikoan ke uparyukt char matoan mean kya-kya kamiyaan haian aur unaki apeksha bhagavan ke mat mean kya-kya vilakshanataean haian, isaka vivechan is prakar hai-

1. ‘kamyanaan karmanaan nyasan sannyasamh’- sannyas ke is pahale mat mean keval kamy-karmoan ka tyag bataya gaya hai; parantu isake alava bhi nity, naimittik adi avashyak kartavy-karm baki rah jate haian.^[1] atah yah yah poorn nahian hai; kyoanki isamean n to kartritv ka tyag bataya hai aur n svaroop mean sthiti hi batayi hai. parantu bhagavan ke mat mean karmoan mean kartritvabhiman nahian rahata aur svaroop mean sthiti ho jati hai; jaise- isi adhyay ke satrahavean shlok mean ‘jisamean ahankritabhav nahian hai aur jisaki buddhi karmaphal mean lipt nahian hoti’- aisa kahakar kartritvabhiman ka tyag bataya hai aur ‘agar vah sanpoorn praniyoan ko mar de, to bhi n marata hai, n bandhata hai’- aisa kahakar svaroop mean sthiti batayi hai.

2. ‘tyajyan doshavadityeke’- sannyas ke is doosare mat mean sab karmoan ko dosh ki tarah chho dane ki bat hai. parantu sanparn karmoan ka tyag koee kar hi nahi sakata ^[2] aur karmamatr ka tyag karane se jivan-nirvah bhi nahian ho sakata.^[3] isalie bhagavan ne niyat karmoan ka svaroop se tyag karane ko rajas-tamas tyag bataya hai.^[4]

3. ‘sarvakarmaphalatyagamh’- tyag ke is pahale mat mean keval phal ka tyag bataya hai. yahaan phalatyag ke aantargat keval kamana ke tyag ki hi bat ayi hai.^[5] mamata-asakti ke tyag ki bat isake aantargat nahian le sakate; kyoanki aisa lene par darshanikoan aur bhagavan ke matoan mean koee aantar nahian rahega. bhagavan ke mat mean karm ki asakti aur phal ki asakti- donoan ke hi tyag ki bat ayi hai- ‘sang tyaktva phalani ch’.^[6]

4. ‘yajnadanatapahkarm n tyajyamh’- tyag arthat karmayog ke is doosare mat mean yajn, dan aur taparoop karmoan ka tyag n karane ki bat hai. parantu in tinoan ke alava varn, ashram, paristhiti adi ko lekar jitane karm ate haian, unako karane athava n karane ke vishay mean kuchh nahian kaha gaya hai- yah isame adhoorapan hai. bhagavan ke mat mean in karmoan ka keval tyag hi nahian karana chahie pratyut inako n karate hoan, to jaroor karana chahie; aur inake atirikt tirth, vrat adi karmoan ko bhi phal evan asakti ka tyag karake karana chahie.^[7]

sanbandh- pichhe ke do shlokoan mean darshanik vidvanan ke char mat batane ke bad ab bhagavan ke age tin shlokoan mean pahale tyag ke vishay mean apana mat batate haian.

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑
karm paanch prakar ke hote haian-
1. nityakarm- shastr ki ajna ke anusar pratidin jo avashyak dainik karm kie jate haian, unako ‘nityakarm’ kahate haian; jaise- sandhya, gayatri adi.
2. naimittik karm- desh, kal, paristhiti adi kisi nimitt ko lekar jo karm kie jate haian, unako naimittik karm kahate haian, jaise ganga, prayag, naimisharany, pushkar adi tirthoan mean jakar jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve ‘deshakrit naimittik karm’ haian; ekadashi, poornima, amavasya, vyatipat, grahan, holi, dipavali, akshay tritiya adi ke samay jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve kalakrit naimittik karm haian; putr ke utpann hone par, putr ya putri ka vivah hone par, kisi ki mrityu hone par, sant-mahatmaoan ka satsang milane par jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve paristhitikrit naimittik karm haian.
3. kamy karm- hamara man-samman ho jae, logoan mean hamari prasiddhi ho jae, hamara putr ho jae, hamean bahut sa dhan mil jae, hamari manachahi ho jae adi isht ki prapti ke lie aur hamara rog mit jae, aphat mit jae, karja door ho jae adi anisht ki nivritti ke lie jo shastriy anushthan kie jate haian, ve sab ‘kamy karm’ kahalate haian.
4. prayashchit karm- hamare dvara hue papoan ko door karane ke lie jo karm kie jate haian, ve sab ‘prayashchit karm’ kahalate haian. isake do bhed haian- vishesh prayashchit aur samany prayashchit. jaise, kisi ke hath se chooha, billi, kabootar adi mar jae to in jnat papoan ko door karane ke lie dharmasiandhu, nirnayasiandhu adi dharm-granthoan mean bataye ge prayashchit karmoan ka anushthan karana ‘vishesh prayashchit karm’ kahalate haian, aur jnat-ajnat sab papoan ko door karane ke lie gangasnan, ekadashivrat, nam jap, seva adi jo shubh karm kie jate haian, ve samany prayashchit karm kahalate haian.
5. avashyak kartavy karm- kheti, vyapar, naukari adi jivika ke lie aur khana-pina sona-jagana adi sharir ke lie jo karm kie jate haian, ve ‘avashyak kartavy karm’ kahalate haian.
↑ gita 3:5
↑ gita 3:8
↑ 18.7-8
↑ jahaan phal ke tyag ki bat kahi gayi hai, vahaan phal ki kamana ka tyag hi samajhana chahie; kyoanki phal ka tyag ho hi nahian sakata. yah niyam hai ki pratyek karm phal ke roop mean parinat hota hai. jaise, koee kheti karata hai to vah anaj ka tyag kaise karega? vyapar karata hai to munaphe ka tyag kaise karega? jaise anaj hona kheti ka phal hai, vaise hi anaj n hona bhi kheti ka phal hai. jaise munapha hona vyapar ka phal hai, vaise hi ghata hona hi vyapar ka phal hai. parantu kamana ka tyag karane se phal se svatah sanbandh-vichchhed ho jata hai. (gita 18:12). isilie bhagavan ne siddhi aur asiddhi doan mean sam rahane ka yog samata kaha hai (gita 2:48); kyoanki siddhi aur asiddhi donoan karm ka phal hai. siddhi aur asiddhi mean sam rahane ka tatpary hai- karmaphal mean mamata-asakti n karana athava karmaphal se apana sanbandh n jo dana.
↑ gita 18:6
↑ 18.5-6

sanbandhit lekh

shrimadbhagavadgita sadhak-sanjivani hindi-tika -svami ramasukhadas
shlok sankhya	vishay	prishth sankhya

pratham adhyay
1-11	pandav aur kaurav sena ke mukhy maharathiyoan ke namoan ka varnan	-
12-19	donoan pakshoan ki senaoan ke shankh vadan ka varnan	15
20-27	arjun ke dvara sena-nirikshan	27
28-47	arjun ke dvara kayarata, shok aur pashchattapayukt vachan kahana tatha sanjay dvara shokavisht arjun ki avastha ka varnan	39
	pahale adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	50
dvitiy adhyay
1-10	arjun ki kayarata ke vishay mean sanjay dvara bhagavan shrikrishn aur arjun ke sanvad ka varnan	1
11-30	saankhyayog ka varnan	17
31-38	kshatradharm ki drishti se yuddh karane ki avashyakata ka pratipadan	52
39-53	karmayog ka varnan	61
54-72	sthit prajn ke lakshanoan adi ka varnan	81
	doosare adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	104
tritiy adhyay
1-8	saankhyayog aur karmayog ki drishti se kartavy-karm karane ki avashyakata ka niroopan	105
9-19	yaksh aur srishtichakr ki parampara surakshit rakhane ke liye kartavy-karm karane ki avashyakata ka niroopan	121
20-29	lok sangrah ke liye kartavy-karm karane ki avashyakata ka niroopan	147
30-35	rag-dvesharahit hokar svadharm ke anusar kartavy-karm karane ki prerana	165
36-43	papoan ke karanabhoot 'kam' ko marane ki prerana	189
	tisare adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	210
chaturth adhyay
1-15	karmayog ki parampara aur bhagavan ke janmoan tatha karmoan ki divyata ka varnan	211
16-32	karmoan ke tattv ka aur tadanusar yajnoan ka varnan	256
33-42	jnanayog aur karmayog ki prashansa tatha prerana	288
	chauthe adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	306
pancham adhyay
1-6	saankhyayog tatha karmayog ki ekata ka pratipadan aur karmayog ki pranshasa	307
7-12	saankhyayog aur karmayog ke sadhan ka prakar	322
13-26	phal sahit saankhyayog ka vishay	338
27-29	dhyan aur bhakti ka varnan	365
	paanchave adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	370
shashth adhyay
1-4	karmayog ka vishay aur yogaroodh manushy ke lakshan	371
5-9	atmoddhar ke liye prerana aur siddh karmayog ke lakshan	382
10-15	asan ki vidhi aur phalasahit sagun-sakar ke dhyan ka varnan	397
16-23	niyamoan ka phal sahit svaroop ke dhyan ka varnan	407
24-28	phalasahit nirgun-nirakar ke dhyan ka varnan	422
29-32	sagun aur nirgun ke dhyan-yogiyoan ka anubhav	432
33-36	man ke vigrah ka vishay	441
37-47	yogabhrasht ki gati ka varnan aur bhakti yogi ki mahima	450
	chhathe adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	473
saptam adhyay
1-7	bhagavan ke dvara samagraroop ke varnan ki pratijna karana tatha apara-para prakatiyoan ke sanyog se praniyoan ki utapatti batakar apane ko sabaka mool karan batana	474
8-12	karan roop se bhagavan ki vibhootiyoan ka varnan	496
13-19	bhagavan ke sharan hone valoan ka aur sharan n hone valoan ka varnan	508
20-23	any devataoan ki upasanaoan ka phalasahit varnan	538
24-30	bhagavan ke prabhav ko janane valoan ki ninda aur janane valoan ki prashansa tatha bhagavan ke samaroop ka varnan	544
	satavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	566
ashtam adhyay
1-7	arjun ke sat prashn aur bhagavan ke dvara unaka uttar dete hue sab ke samay mean apana smaran karane ki ajna dena	567
8-16	sagun-nirakar, nirgun-nirakar aur sagun-sakar ki upasana phalasahit varnan	587
17-22	brahmalok tak ki avadhika aur bhagavan ki mahatta tatha bhakti ka varnan	601
23-28	shukl aur krishn gati ka varnan usako janane vale yogi ki mahima	609
	athavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	619
navam adhyay
1-6	prabhav sahit vijnan ka varnan	621
7-10	mahasarg aur mahapralay ka varnan	638
11-15	bhagavan ka tiraskar karane vale evan asuri, rakshasi aur mohini prakriti ka ashray lene valoan ka kathan tatha daivi prakriti ka ashray lene vale bhaktoan ke bhajan ka varnan	645
16-19	kary-karan roop se bhagavatsvaroop vibhootiyoan ka varnan	654
20-25	sakam aur nishkam upasana ka phalasahit varnan	658
	padarthoan aur kriyaoan ko bhagavadarpan karane ka phal batakar bhakti ke adhikariyoan ka aur bhakti ka varnan	669
	navean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	704
dasham adhyay
1-7	bhagavan ki vibhooti aur yog ka kathan tatha unako janane ki mahima	705
8-11	phalasahit bhagavadbhabhakti aur bhagavatkripa ka prabhav	719
12-18	arjun ke dvara bhagavan ki stuti aur yog tatha vibhootiyoan ko kahane ke liye prarthana	728
19-42	bhagavan ke dvara apani vibhootiyoan ka aur yog ka varnan	735
	dasavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	769
ekadash adhyay
1-8	virath‍roop dikhane ke liye arjun ki prarthan aur bhagavan ke dvara arjun ko divy chakshu pradan karana	771
9-14	sanjay dvara dhritarashtr ke prati virath‍ roop ka varnan	783
15-31	arjun ke dvara virath roop ko dekhana aur usaki stuti karana	789
32-35	bhagavan ke dvara apane atyugr virat roop ka parichay aur yuddh ki ajna	809
36-46	arjun ke dvara virataroop bhagavan ki stuti-prarthana	817
47-50	bhagavan ke dvara virataroop ke darshan ki durlabhata batana aur arjun ko ashvasan dena	831
51-55	bhagavan ke dvara chaturbhuj roop ki mahatta aur usake darshan ka upay batana	839
	gyarahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	848
dvadash adhyay
1-12	sagun aur nirgun upasakoan ki shreshthata ka nirnay aur bhagatprapti ke char sadhanoan ka varnan	850
13-20	siddh bhaktoan ke untalis lakshanoan ka varnan	892
	barahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	918
trayodash adhyay
1-18	kshetr aur kshetrajn (jivatma), jnan aur jney (paramatma) ka bhakti-sahit vivechana	920
19-34	jnanasahit prakriti-purush ka vivechan	967
	terahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	992
chaturdash adhyay
1-4	jnan ki mahima aur prakriti-purush se jagat ki utpatti	993
5-18	sattv raj aur tam in tinoan gunoan ka vivechan	999
19-27	bhagavatprapti ka upay evan gunatit purush ke lakshan	1028
	chaudahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	1044
panchadash adhyay
1-6	sansar ka vriksh tatha usaka chhedan karake bhagavan ke sharan hone ka aur bhagavaddham ka varnan	1045
7-11	jivatma ka svaroop tatha use janane vale aur n janane vale ka varnan	1071
12-15	bhagavan ke prabhav ka varnan	1096
16-20	kshar, akshar aur purushottam ka varnan tatha adhyay ka upasanhar	1110
	pandrahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	1122
shodash adhyay
1-5	phalasahit daivi aur asuri sampatti ka varnan	1123
6-8	satkarmoan se vimukh hue asuri sampatti vale manushyoan ki manyataoan ka kathan	1164
9-16	asuri sampatti vale manushyoan ke duracharoan aur manorathoan ka phalasahit varnan	1173
17-20	asuri sampatti vale manushyoan ke durbhav aur durgati ka varnan	1187
21-24	asuri sampatti ke moolabhoot dosh kam, krodh aur lobh se rahit hokar shastr vidhi ke anusar karm karane ki prerana	1197
	solahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	1204
saptadash adhyay
1-6	tin prakar ki shraddha ka aur asur nishchay vale manushyoan ka varnan	1205
7-10	sattvik, rajas aur tamas ahari ki ruchi ka varnan	1218
11-22	yajn, tap aur dan ke tin-tin bhedoan ka varnan	1230
23-28	'Om tatsath' ke prayog ki vyakhya aur asath- karm ka varnan	1254
	satrahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	1263
ashtadash adhyay
1-12	sanyas ke vishay mean matantar aur karmayog ka varnan	1264
13-40	saankhyayog ka varnan	1310
41-48	karmayog ka bhaktisahit varnan	1364
49-55	saankhyayog ka varnan	1408
56-66	bhagavadbhabhakti ka varnan	1418
67-68	shrimadbhagavadadgita ki mahima	1490
	atharahavean adhyay ke pad, akshar, uvach aur prayukt chhand	1523
	gita ka pariman aur poorn sharanagati	1524
	arati	aantim prishth

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] rm paanch prakar ke hote haian-
nityakarm- shastr ki ajna ke anusar pratidin jo avashyak dainik karm kie jate haian, unako ‘nityakarm’ kahate haian; jaise- sandhya, gayatri adi.

naimittik karm- desh, kal, paristhiti adi kisi nimitt ko lekar jo karm kie jate haian, unako naimittik karm kahate haian, jaise ganga, prayag, naimisharany, pushkar adi tirthoan mean jakar jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve ‘deshakrit naimittik karm’ haian; ekadashi, poornima, amavasya, vyatipat, grahan, holi, dipavali, akshay tritiya adi ke samay jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve kalakrit naimittik karm haian; putr ke utpann hone par, putr ya putri ka vivah hone par, kisi ki mrityu hone par, sant-mahatmaoan ka satsang milane par jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve paristhitikrit naimittik karm haian.

kamy karm- hamara man-samman ho jae, logoan mean hamari prasiddhi ho jae, hamara putr ho jae, hamean bahut sa dhan mil jae, hamari manachahi ho jae adi isht ki prapti ke lie aur hamara rog mit jae, aphat mit jae, karja door ho jae adi anisht ki nivritti ke lie jo shastriy anushthan kie jate haian, ve sab ‘kamy karm’ kahalate haian.

prayashchit karm- hamare dvara hue papoan ko door karane ke lie jo karm kie jate haian, ve sab ‘prayashchit karm’ kahalate haian. isake do bhed haian- vishesh prayashchit aur samany prayashchit. jaise, kisi ke hath se chooha, billi, kabootar adi mar jae to in jnat papoan ko door karane ke lie dharmasiandhu, nirnayasiandhu adi dharm-granthoan mean bataye ge prayashchit karmoan ka anushthan karana ‘vishesh prayashchit karm’ kahalate haian, aur jnat-ajnat sab papoan ko door karane ke lie gangasnan, ekadashivrat, nam jap, seva adi jo shubh karm kie jate haian, ve samany prayashchit karm kahalate haian.

avashyak kartavy karm- kheti, vyapar, naukari adi jivika ke lie aur khana-pina sona-jagana adi sharir ke lie jo karm kie jate haian, ve ‘avashyak kartavy karm’ kahalate haian.

[2] tyakarm- shastr ki ajna ke anusar pratidin jo avashyak dainik karm kie jate haian, unako ‘nityakarm’ kahate haian; jaise- sandhya, gayatri adi.

[3] ttik karm- desh, kal, paristhiti adi kisi nimitt ko lekar jo karm kie jate haian, unako naimittik karm kahate haian, jaise ganga, prayag, naimisharany, pushkar adi tirthoan mean jakar jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve ‘deshakrit naimittik karm’ haian; ekadashi, poornima, amavasya, vyatipat, grahan, holi, dipavali, akshay tritiya adi ke samay jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve kalakrit naimittik karm haian; putr ke utpann hone par, putr ya putri ka vivah hone par, kisi ki mrityu hone par, sant-mahatmaoan ka satsang milane par jo shastravihit karm kie jate haian, ve paristhitikrit naimittik karm haian.

[4] y karm- hamara man-samman ho jae, logoan mean hamari prasiddhi ho jae, hamara putr ho jae, hamean bahut sa dhan mil jae, hamari manachahi ho jae adi isht ki prapti ke lie aur hamara rog mit jae, aphat mit jae, karja door ho jae adi anisht ki nivritti ke lie jo shastriy anushthan kie jate haian, ve sab ‘kamy karm’ kahalate haian.

[5] rayashchit karm- hamare dvara hue papoan ko door karane ke lie jo karm kie jate haian, ve sab ‘prayashchit karm’ kahalate haian. isake do bhed haian- vishesh prayashchit aur samany prayashchit. jaise, kisi ke hath se chooha, billi, kabootar adi mar jae to in jnat papoan ko door karane ke lie dharmasiandhu, nirnayasiandhu adi dharm-granthoan mean bataye ge prayashchit karmoan ka anushthan karana ‘vishesh prayashchit karm’ kahalate haian, aur jnat-ajnat sab papoan ko door karane ke lie gangasnan, ekadashivrat, nam jap, seva adi jo shubh karm kie jate haian, ve samany prayashchit karm kahalate haian.

[6] vashyak kartavy karm- kheti, vyapar, naukari adi jivika ke lie aur khana-pina sona-jagana adi sharir ke lie jo karm kie jate haian, ve ‘avashyak kartavy karm’ kahalate haian.

[2] ta 3:5

[3] ta 3:8

[4] 18.7-8

[5] tyag ki bat kahi gayi hai, vahaan phal ki kamana ka tyag hi samajhana chahie; kyoanki phal ka tyag ho hi nahian sakata. yah niyam hai ki pratyek karm phal ke roop mean parinat hota hai. jaise, koee kheti karata hai to vah anaj ka tyag kaise karega? vyapar karata hai to munaphe ka tyag kaise karega? jaise anaj hona kheti ka phal hai, vaise hi anaj n hona bhi kheti ka phal hai. jaise munapha hona vyapar ka phal hai, vaise hi ghata hona hi vyapar ka phal hai. parantu kamana ka tyag karane se phal se svatah sanbandh-vichchhed ho jata hai. (gita 18:12). isilie bhagavan ne siddhi aur asiddhi doan mean sam rahane ka yog samata kaha hai (gita 2:48); kyoanki siddhi aur asiddhi donoan karm ka phal hai. siddhi aur asiddhi mean sam rahane ka tatpary hai- karmaphal mean mamata-asakti n karana athava karmaphal se apana sanbandh n jo dana.

[6] ta 18:6

[7] 18.5-6

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

**svar (Vowels)**
a	a	a	aa	i	i
ee	ee,ii,I	u	u	oo	oo, uu,U
e	e	ai	ai,ei	o	o
au	au,ou	aan	a^	aah	a:,aH
aॅ	A	aau	O	rri	Ria

**vyanjan (Consonants)**
k	ka,ca	kh	kha	g	ga
gh	gha	n	Nga	ch	cha
chh	chha	j	ja	jh	jha
n	Nja	t	Ta	th	Tha
d	Da	dh	Dha	n	Na
t	ta	th	tha	d	da
dh	dha	n	na	p	pa
ph	pha,fa	b	ba	bh	bha
m	ma	y	ya	r	ra
l	la	v	va,wa	sh	sha
sh	Sha	s	sa	h	ha
ksh	xa,kSha	tr	tra	jn	Gya, jNja
d	D_a	dh	Dh_a	jn	Gya, jNja

**nuqte**
q	qa	kh	Kha	g	Ga
	z	za	f	Fa

**matra (Matras)**
a	aa	i	i	i	ee,ii,I
u	u	oo	oo,uu	ri	R
e	e	ai	ai,ei	o	o
au	au,ou	ॅ	A	aau	O