shrimadbhagavadgita tattvavivechani hindi-tika -jayadayal goyandaka
tritiy adhyay
uttar- varn, ashram, svabhav aur paristhiti ki apeksha se jis manushy ke liye jo karm shastr ne niyat kar diye haian usake liye vahi svadharm hai. abhipray yah hai ki jhooth, kapat, chori, hiansa, thagi, vyabhichar adi nishiddh karm to kisi ke bhi svadharm nahian haian, aur kamyakarm bhi kisi ke liye avashy kartavy nahian haian, is karan unaki ganana bhi yahaan kisi ke svadharmoan mean nahian hai. inake siva jis varn ya ashram ke jo vishesh dharm batalaye gaye haian, jinamean ek ke siva doosare varn-ashram valoan ka adhikar nahian hai, ve un-un varn-ashram valoan ke prithakh-prithakh svadharm haian, jin karmoan mean dvij matr ka adhikar batalaya gaya hai, ve vedadhyayan aur yajnadi karm dvijoan ke liye svadharm hai aur jinamean sabhi varn-ashramoan ke stri-purushoan ka adhikar hai, ve eeshvar ki bhakti, saty-bhashan, mata-pita ki seva, man-indriyoan ka sanyam, brahmachary palan, ahiansa, astey, santosh, daya, dan, kshama, pavitrata aur vinay adi samany dharm sab ke svadharm haian. prashn- jis manushy-samuday mean varn shram ki vyavastha nahian hai aur jo vaidik sanatan dharm ko nahian manate unake liye svadharm aur paradharm ki vyavastha kaise ho sakati hai? uttar- vastav mean to varnashram ki vyavastha samast manushy-samuday mean honi chahiye aur vaidik sanatan dharm bhi sabhi manushyoan ke liye many hona chahiye. atah jis manushy-samuday mean varn-ashram ki vyavastha nahian hai, unake liye svadharm aur paradharm ka nirnay karana kathin hai; tathapi is samay dharm sankat upasthit ho raha hai aur gita mean manushy matr ke liye uddhar ka marg batalaya gaya hai, is ashay se aisa mana ja sakata hai ki jis manushy ka jis jati ya samuday mean janm hota hai, jin mata-pita ke raj-viry se usaka sharir banata hai, janm se lekar kartavy samajhane ki yogyata ane tak jaise sanskaroan mean usaka palan-poshan hota hai tatha poorvajanm ke jaise karm-sanskar hote haian, usi ke anukool usaka svabhav banata hai aur us svabhav ke anusar hi jivika ke karmoan mean usaki svabhavik pravritti hua karati hai. atah jis manushy-samuday mean varnashram ki vyavastha nahian hai, usamean unake svabhav aur paristhiti ki apeksha se jisake liye jo vihit karm hai arthath unaki is lok aur paralok ki unnati ke liye kisi mahapurush ke dvara jo karm upayukt mane gaye haian, achchhi niyat se kartavy samajhakar jinaka acharan kiya jat hai, jo kisi bhi doosare ke dharm aur hit mean badhak nahian haian tatha manushy matr ke liye jo samany dharm mane gaye haian, vahi usaka svadharm hai aur usase viparit jo doosaroan ke liye vihit hai aur usake liye vihit nahian hai, vah paradharm hai. prashn- ‘svadharmah’ pad ke sath ‘vigunah’ visheshan ke prayog ka kya bhav hai? uttar- ‘vigunah’ pad gunoan ki kami ka dyotak hai. kshatriy ka svadharm yuddh karana, dushtoan ko dand dena adi hai, usamean ahiansa aur shanti adi gunoan ki kami maloom hoti hai. isi tarah vaishy ke ‘krishi’ adi karmoan mean bhi hiansa adi doshoan ki bahulata hai, is karan brahmanoan ke shantimay karmoan ki apeksha ve vigun yani gunahin haian evan shoodr ke karm vaishyoan aur kshatriyoan ki apeksha bhi nimn shreni ke haian. isake siva un karmoan ke palan mean kisi aang ka chhoot jana anushthan ki kami hai. uparyukt prakar se svadharm mean gunoan ki aur anushthan ki kami rahane par bhi vah paradharm ki apeksha kalyanaprad hai, yahi bhav dikhalane ke liye ‘svadharmah’ ke sath ‘vigunah’ visheshan diya gaya hai. |
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
kram sankhya | vishay | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj