chaturth adhyay
prashn- brahmanadi varnoan ka vibhag janm se manana chahiye ya karm se?
uttar- yadyapi janm aur karm donoan hi varn ke aang hone ke karan varn ki poornata to donoan se hi hoti hai, parantu pradhanata janm ki hi hai. isaliye janm se brahman adi varnoan ka vibhag manana chahiye; kyoanki in donoan mean pradhanata janm ki hai. yadi mata-pita ek varn ke hoan aur kisi prakar se bhi janm mean sankarata n ave to sahaj hi karm mean bhi prayah sankarata nahian ati. parantu sangadosh, aharadosh aur dooshit shiksha-dikshadi karanoan se karm mean kahian kuchh vyatikram bhi ho jay to janm se varn manane par varnaraksha ho sakati hai. tathapi karm-shuddhi ki kam avashyakata nahian hai. karm ke sarvatha nasht ho jane par varn ki raksha bahut hi kathin ho jati hai. atah jivika aur vivahadi vyavahar ke liye to janm ki pradhanata tatha kalyan ki prapti karm ki pradhanata manani chahiye; kyoanki jati se brahman hone par bhi yadi usake karm brahmanochit nahian haian to usaka kalyan nahian ho sakata tatha samany dharm ke anusar sham-damadi ka palan karane vala aur achchhe acharan vala shoodr bhi yadi brahmanochit yajnadi karm karata hai aur usase apani jivika chalata hai to pap ka bhagi hota hai.
prashn- is samay jabaki varnavyavastha nasht ho gayi hai, tab janm se varn n manakar manushyoan ke acharanoan ke anusar hi unake varn man liye jayan to kya hani hai?
uttar- aisa manana uchit nahian hai, kyoanki pratham to varn vyavastha mean kuchh shithilata ane par bhi vah nasht nahian huee hai, doosare jivoan ka karmaphal bhugatane ke liye eeshvar hi unake poorv-karmanusar unhean vibhinn varnoan mean utpann karate haian. eeshvar ke vidhan ko badalane ka manushy mean adhikar nahian hai. tisare acharan dekhakar varn ki kalpana karana bhi asambhav hi hai. ek hi mata-pita se utpann balakoan ke acharanoan mean b di vibhinnata dekhi jati hai, ek hi manushy dinabhar mean kabhi brahman ka -sa to kabhi shoodr ka -sa karm karata hai, aisi avastha mean varn ka nishchay kaise ho sakega? phir aisa hone par nicha kaun banana chahega? khan-pan aur vivahadi mean a dachanean paida hoangi, phalatah varnaviplav ho jayaga aur varn vyavastha ki sthiti mean b di bhari badha upasthit ho jayagi. atev keval karm se varn nahian manana chahiye.
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