gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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parishishht-prakaran
bhag 1-gita aur mahabharat.
kauravoan aur paandavoan ke yuddh ke samay vimanask arjun ko bhagavanh ne aikantik athava narayan-dharm ki in vidhiyoan ka upadesh diya tha; aur, sab yugoan mean sthit narayan-dharm ki paranpara batala kar punashch kaha hai, ki is dharm ka aur yatiyoan ke dharm arthath sannyas-dharm ka varnan ‘harigita’ mean kiya gaya hai[1]. adi-parv aur shaantiparv mean kiye gaye in chhah ullekhoan ke atirikt, ashvameghaparv ke anugitaparv mean bhi aur ek bar bhagavadgita ka ullekh kiya gaya hai. jab bharatiy yuddh poora ho gaya, yudhishthir ka rajyabhishek bhi ho gaya, aur ek din shrikrishn tatha arjun ekatr baithe hue the, tab shrikrishn ne kaha ‘‘yahaan ab mere rahane ki koee avashhyakatanahian hai; dvaraka jane ki ichchha hai;’’ is par arjun ne shrikrishn se prarthana ki,ki pahale yuddh ke arambh mean apane mujhe jo upadesh kiya tha vah maian bhool gaya, isaliye vah mujhe phir se batalaiye[2]. tab is binati ke anusar, dvaraka ko jane ke pahale, shrikrishn ne arjun ko anugita sunaee. is anugita ke arambh hi mean bhagavanh ne kaha hai- ‘‘durbhagy-vash too us upadesh ko bhool gaya, jise maianne tujhe yuddh ke arambh mean batalaya tha. us upadesh ko phir se vaisa hi batalana ab mere liye bhi asanbhav hai; isaliye usake badale tujhe kuchh any batean batalata hooan’’[3]. yah bat dhyan dene yogy hai ki anugita mean varnit kuchh prakaran gita ke prakaranoan ke saman hi haian. anugita ke is nirdesh ko milakar, mahabharat mean bhagavadgita ka sat bar spasht ullekh ho gaya hai. arthath, antargat pramanoan se spashtataya siddh ho jata hai,ki bhagavadgita vartaman mahabharat ka hi ek bhag hai. parantu sandeh ki gati nirankush rahati hai, isaliye uparyukt sat nirdeshoan se bhi kee logoan ka samadhan nahian hota. ve kahate haian ki yah kaise suboot ho sakata hai, ki ye ullekh bhi bharat mean pichhe se nahian jo d diye gaye hoange? is prakar unake man mean yah shanka jyoan ki tyoan rah jati hai, ki gita mahabharat ka bhag hai athava nahian. pahale to yah shanka keval isi samajh se upasthit huee hai ki gita-granth brahmajnan-pradhan hai. parantu hamane pahale hi vistar-poorvak batala diya hai ki yah samajh thik nahian; atev yatharth mean dekha jaye to ab is shanka ke liye koee sthan hi nahian rah jata. tathapi, in pramanoan par hi avalambit n rahate hue, ham batalana chahate haian ki any pramanoan se bhi ukt shanka ki ayatharthata siddh ho sakati hai. jab do grannthoan ke vishay mean yah shanka ki jati hai ki ve donoan ek hi granthakar ke haian ya nahian, tab kavy-mimasank-ganga pahale in donoan batoan-shabd-sadrishy aur arthasadrishy ka vichar kiya karate haian. shabdasadrishy mean keval shabdoan ka hi samavesh nahian hota, kintu usamean bhasha-rachana ka bhi samavesh kiya jata hai. is drishti se vichar karate samay dekhana chahie, ki gita ki bhasha aur mahabharat ki bhasha mean kitani samata hai. parantu, mahabharat-granth bahut b da aur vistirn hai isaliye usamean mauke mauke par bhasha ki rachana bhi bhinn bhinn riti se ki gee hai. |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
| prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj