gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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satavaan prakaran
pichhale prakaran mean jise kshetrajn ya atma kaha hai, vahi yah dekhane vala, jnata ya upabhog karane vala hai; aur ise hi saankhyashastr mean ‘purush’ ya ‘jn’ (jnata) kahate haian. yah jnata prakriti se bhinn hai is karan nisarg se hi prakriti ke tinoan (sattv, raj aur tam) gunoan ke pare rahata hai; arthat yah nirvikar aur nigurn hai, aur janane ya dekhane ke siva kuchh bhi nahian karata. isase yah bhi maloom ho jata hai ki jagat mean jo ghatanaean hoti rahati haian ve sab prakriti hi ke khel hai. saraansh yah hai, ki prakriti achetan ya j d hai aur purush sachetan hai; prakriti sab kam kiya karati hai aur purush udasin ya akarta hai; prakriti trigunatmak hai aur purush nirgun hai; prakriti aandhi hai aur purush sakshi hai. is prakar is srishti mean yahi do bhinn bhinn tattv anadi siddh, svatantr aur svayanbhoo haian, yahi saankhy shastr ka saddhiant hai. is bat ko dhyan mean rakh karake hi bhagavadgita mean pahale kaha gaya hai ki ‘‘ prakriti purushan chaiv viddhayanadi ubhavapi’’-prakriti aur purush donoan anadi haian [1]; isake bad unaka varnan is prakar kiya gaya hai ‘‘kary-karanakartritve haituah prakritiroochyate’’ arthat deh aur indriyoan ka vyapar prakriti karati hai; aur ‘‘purushah sukhaduahkhanaanbhoktritve haituroochyate’’ arthat purush sukh-du:khoan ka upabhage karane ke liye, karan hai. yadyapi gita mean bhi prakriti aur purush anadi mane gaye haian, tathapi yah bat dhyan mean rakhani chahiye ki, saankhy-vadiyoan ke saman, gita mean ye donoan tattv svatantr ya svayanbhoo nahian manean gaye haian. karan yah hai ki gita mean bhagavan shrikrishn ne prakriti ko apani ‘maya’ kaha hai [2]; aur purush ke vishay mean bhi yahi kaha hai ki ‘‘mamaivaanshoan jivaloke’’[3] arthat vah bhi mera hi aansh hai. isase maloom ho jata hai ki gita, saankhyashastr se bhi age badh gee hai. parantu abhi us bat ki or dhyan n dekar ham yahi dekheange ki saankhyashastr kya kahata hai. saankhyashastr ke anusar srishti ke sab padarthoan ke tin varg hote haian. pahala avyakt (mool prakriti), doosara vyakt (prakriti ke vikar), aur tisara purush arthat jn. parantu inamean se pralay-kal ke samay vyakt padarthoan ka svaroop nasht ho jata hai; isaliye ab mool mean keval prakriti aur purush do hi tattv shesh rah jate haian. ye donoan mool tattv, saankhy-vadiyoan ke matanusar anadi aur svayanbhoo haian; isaliye saankhyoan ko dvait-vadi (do mool tattv manane vale) kahate haian. ve log, prakriti aur purush ke pare eeshvar, kal, svabhav ya any kisi bhi mool tattv ko nahian manate [4]. isaka karan yah hai, ki sagun eeshvar, kal aur svabhav vyakt hone ke karan prakriti se utpann hone vale vyakt padarthoan mean hi shamil haian; aur, yadi eeshvar ko nirgun manean, to satkary-vadanusar nirgun mool tattv se trigunatmak prakriti kabhi utpann nahian ho sakati. |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ gi.13.19
- ↑ gi.7.14;14.3
- ↑ gi.15.7
- ↑ eeshhvarakrishhn kattar niriksharavadi tha. usane apani saankhhy-sarika ki aantim upasanharathmak tin aryaoan mean kaha hai, ki mool vishay par 70 aryaean thian paranhtu kolabruk aur vilasan ke anuvad ke sath, banbee mean, shriyut tukaram tatya ne jo pustak mudrit ki hai, usamean mool vishay par keval 69 aryaean haian. isaliye vilasan sahab ne apane anuvad mean yah sandeh pragat kiya hai ki 70 vian arya kaun-si haian. parantu vah arya unakoan nahian mili aur unaki shanka ka samadhan bhi nahian hua. hamara mat hai ki yah arya vartaman 61 vian arya ke age hogi. karan yah hai ki 61 vian arya par go dapadachary ka jo bhashy hai vah kuchh ek hi arya par nahian hai kiantu do aryaoan par hai. aur, yadi is bhashy ke pratik padoan ko le kar arya banaee jaye to vah is prakar hogiah-
karanamishvarameke bruvate kalan pare svabhavan va. prajaah kathan nirgunato vyaktah kalah svabhavashch..
yah arya pichhale aur agale sandarbh (arth ya bhav), se thik thik milati bhi hai. is arya mean nirishvar mat ka pratipadan hai isaliye, jan p data hai ki, kisi ne ise, pichhe se nikal dala hoga. parantu, is arya ka shodhan karane vala manushy isaka bhashy bhi nikal dalana bhool gaya; isaliye ab ham is arya ka thik thik pata laga sakate haian aur isi se us manushy ko dhanyavad hi dena chahiye. shvetashvataropanishad ke chhathavean adhyay ke pahale mantr se pragat hota hai ki, prachin samay mean, kuchh log svabhav aur kal ko, aur vedanti to usake bhi age badh kar eeshvar ko, jagat ka mool karan manate the. vah mantr yah hai-
svabhavameke kavayo vadanti kalan tathanye parimuhmamanaah. devasyaisha mahima tu loke yenedan bhramyate brahmachakram..
eeshvarakrishn ne uparyukt arya ko, vartaman 61 vian arya ke bad hi, sirph yah batalane ke liye rakha hai, ki ye tinoan mool karan (arthat svabhav, kal aur eeshvar) saankhy vadiyoan ko many nahian hai.
sanbandhit lekh
| prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj