|
pahala prakaran
inamean se pahali arthath tatvik drishti se dekhane par shri shankarachary ka kathan yah hai ki:-
- maian-too yani manushy ki aankh se dikhane vala sara jagat arthat srishti ke padarthoan ki anekata saty nahian hai. in sab mean ek hi shuddh aur nity parabrahm bhara hai aur usi ki maya se manushy ki iandriyoan ko bhinnata ka bhas hua karata hai;
- manushy ka atma bhi moolatah parabrahma roop hi hai; aur
- atma aur parabrahm ki ekata ka poorn jnan,arthat anubhav siddh pahachan,hue bina koee bhi moksh nahian pa sakata. isi ko‘addhaitavad’kahate haian. is siddhaant ka tatpary yah hai ki ek shuddh-buddh nity-mukt parabrahm ke siva doosari koee bhi svatantr aur saty vastu nahian hai; drishti gochar bhinnata manavi drishti ka bhram,ya maya ki upadhi se hane vala abhas hai; maya kuchh saty ya svatantr vastu nahian hai vah mithya hai. keval tattv jnan ka hi yadi vichar karana ho to shankar mat ki,isase adhik charcha karane ki avashhyakata nahian hai. parantu shankar sanpraday itane se hi poora nahian ho jata addhait tattv jnan ke sath hi shaankar sanpraday ka aur bhi ek siddhaant hai jo achar-drishti se,pahale hi ke saman,mahattv ka hai. usaka tatpary yah hai ki,yadayapi chit-shuddhi ke dvara brahmatmaiky-jnan prapt karane ki yogyata pane ke liye smriti-granthoan mean kahe gaye grihasthashram ke karm atyant avashyak haian, tathapi in karmoan ka acharan sadaiv n karate rahana chahiye; kyoanki in sab karmoan ka tyag karake aant mean sannyas liye bina moksh nahian mil sakata.
isaka karan yah hai ki karm aur jnan,aandhakar aur prakash ke saman,paraspar-virodhi haian; isaliye sab vasanaoan aur karmoan ke chhoote bina brahm jnan ki poornata hi nahian ho sakati isi siddhaant ko‘nivriti marg’kahate haian; aur,sab karmoan ka sannyas karake jnan hi mean nimagr rahate haian isaliye‘sannyas nishtha’ ya ‘jnan nishtha’bhi kahate haian. upanishad aur brahm sootr par shankarachary ka jo bhashy hai usamean yah pratipadan kiya gaya hai ki ukt granthoan mean keval addhait jnan hi nahian hai, kiantu unamean sannyas marg ka, arthath ‘shaankar samhpraday ke uparyukt donoan bhagoan ka bhi, upadesh haian; aur gita par jo shaankarabhashhy haian usamean kaha gaya hai ki gita ka tatpary bhi aisa hi haian[1]. isake pramanasvaroop mean gita ke kuchh vaky bhi diye gaye haian jaise "jnanagriah" sarvakarmani bhasmasatkurute"- arthath jnanaroopi agni se hi sab karm jal kar bhasm ho jate haian[2] aur "sarv karmakhilan parth jnane parisamapyate" arthat sab karmoan ka aant jnan hi mean hota hai[3].
saraansh yah hai ki bauddh dharm ki har hone par prachin vaidik dharm ke jis vishisht marg ko shreshth thahara kar shrishankarachary ne sthapit kiya usi ke anukool gita ka bhi arth hai, gita mean jnan aur karm ke samuchchay ke pratipadan nahian kiya gaya hai jaisa ki pahale ke tikakaroan ne kaha hai; kiantu usamean shaankar samhpraday ke isi siddhaant ka upadesh diya gaya hai ki karm jnan prapti ka gaun sadhan hai aur sarv karm sannyasapoorvak jnan hi se moksh ki prapti hoti hai - yahi batean batalane ke liye shaankarabhashhy likha gaya hai.
|
|
