gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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chhathavaan prakaran
‘manodevata’ shabd mean ichchha, krodh, lobh adi sabhi manovikaroan ko shamil nahian karana chahiye; kintu is shabd se man ki vah eeshhvaradatt aur svabhavik shakti hi abhisht hai ki jisaki sahayata se bhale-bure ka nirnay kiya jata hai. isi shakti ka ek b da bhari nam 'sadasadvivek-buddhi’[1] hai. yadi, kisi sandeh-prast avasar par, manushy svasth aantahkaran se aur shaanti ke sath vichar kare to yah sadasadvivek- buddhi kabhi usako dhokha nahian degi. itana hi nahian; kiantu aise maukoan par ham doosaroan se yahi kaha karate haian ki ‘too apane man se poochh’. is b de devata ke pas ek pheharist hamesha maujood rahati hai. usamean yah likha hota hai ki kis sadgun ko, kis samay, kitana mahattv diya jana chahiye. yah manodevata, samay samay par, isi pheharist ke anusar apana nirnay pragat kiya karata hai. man lijiye ki kisi samay atm-raksha aur ahiansa mean virodh utpann hua aur yah shanka upasthit huee, ki durbhiksh ke samay abhaty bhakshan karana chahiye ya nahi? tab is sanshay ko door karane ke liye yadi ham shatachit se is manodevata ki minnat karean, to usaka yahi nirnay pragat hoga ki ‘abhakshy bhakshan karo’. isi prakar yadi kabhi svarth aur pararth athava paropakar ke bich virodh ho jay, to usaka nirnay bhi is manodevata ko mana kar karana chahiye. manodevata ke ghar ki, dharm-adharm ke nyoonadhik bhav ki, yah pheharist ek granthakar ko shaantipoorvak vichar karane se upalabdh huee hai jise usane apane granth mean prakashit kiya hai[2] is pheharist mean namratapoorvak poojy bhav ko pahala arthath atyuchch sthan diya gaya hai; aur usake bad karuna, kritajnata, udarata, vatsaly adi bhavoan ko kramash: niche ki shreniyoan mean shamil kiya hai. is granthakar ka mat hai ki, jab oopar aur niche ki shreniyoan ke sadgunoan mean virodh utpann ho tab oopar oopar ki shreniyoan ke sadgunoan ko hi adhik man dena chahiye. usake mat ke anusar kary-akary ka athava dharm-adharm ka nirnay karane ke liye isaki apeksha aur koee uchit marg nahian hai. isaka karan yah hai ki, yadyapi ham atyant dooradrishti se yah nishchitakar lean ki ‘adhikaansh logoan ka adhik sukh’ kisamean hai, tathapi is nyoonadhik bhav mean yah kahane ki sathta ya adhikar nahian hai ki ‘jis bat mean adhikaansh logoan ka sukh ho vahi too kar;’ is liye aant mean is prashhn ka nirnay hi nahian hota ki ‘jisamean adhikaansh logoan ka hit hai, vah bat mai kyoan karooan?’ aur sara jhag da jyoan ka tyoan bana rahata hai. raja se bina adhikar prapt kiye hi jab koee nyayadhish nyay karata hai tab usake nirnay ki jo dasha hoti hai, thik vahi dasha us kary-akary ke nirnay ki bhi hoti hai, jo dooradrishtipoorvak sukh-duahkhoan ka vichar karake kiya jata hai. |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ is sadasadvivek- buddhi ko hi aangreji mean Conscience kahate hai; aur adhidaivat paksh Intuitionist school kahalata hai.
- ↑ is granthakar ka nam James Martineau(jems martino) hai. isane yah pheharist apane Types of Ethical Theory (Vol. 2.p.266.3d ed.) namak granth mean di hai. martinoan apane panth koIdio-psychological kahata hai. parantu ham use adhidaivatapaksh hi mean shamil karate haian.
sanbandhit lekh
| prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj