shrimadbhagavadgita -vishvanath chakravartti
chaturth adhyay
dravyayajnastapoyajna yogayajnastathapare.
svadhyayajnanayajnashch yatayah sanshitavrataah॥
kathor vrat aangikar karake kuchh log apani sampatti ka tyag karake, kuchh kathin tapasya dvara, kuchh ashtaang yog paddhati ke abhyas dvara athava divy jnan mean unnati karane ke lie vedoan ke adhyayan dvara prabuddh banate haian.
bhavanuvad- dravyadan hi jinaka yajn hai, ve ‘dravyayajnaah’ haian, kathin chandrayanadi tap hi jinaka yajn hai, ve ‘tapoyajnaah’ haian, ashtaangayog hi jinaka yajn hai, ve ‘yogayajnaah’ haian, svadhyay ya vedapath aur isaka prayojan jnan hi jinaka yajn hai, ve ‘svadhyay-jnanayajnaah’ haian. ye sabhi ‘yatayah’ arthath yatnapar purush ‘sanshitavrataah’ arthath tikshnavrat karane vale haian..28..
sararth varshini prakashika vritti-
yahaan shrikrishn vibhinn prakar ke yajnoan ka varnan kar rahe haian. karmayogi ann-vastradi ka dan karate haian. yah dan hi unaka dravy yajn hai. ve smriti shastr mean kathit sarovar-koop-t dagadi khudavana, dev mandiroan ki pratishtha karana, annadan karana, bag-bagicha lagana prabhriti poot karm karate haian. koee-koee sharanagatoan ki raksha, pranimatr ke prati ahiansa adi karmaparayan hote haian. inake ye karm dattakarm kahalate haian. koee-koee devataoan ke uddeshy se yajn karate haian, inaka yah karm ishtayajn kahalata hai. koee-koee chandrayajn adi kashtadayi vratoan ka anushthan karate haian. manusanhita mean in vratoan ka varnan paya jata hai.
krichchhravrat-
‘ekaikan grasamashniyath tryahani trini poorvavath.
tryahanchopavasedantyamatikrichchhran charandvijah..’[1]
arthath pahale tin din din mean ek-ek gras, tadanantar tin din sayankal mean ek-ek gras, tatpashchath tin din ayachitaroop mean ek-ek gras bhojan karana hota hai. antim tin din upavas karana p data hai. yah kathor (krichchhr) vrat hai.
chandrayan-
‘ekaikan hrasayeth pindan krishne shukle ch varddhayeth.
upasprishanstrishavanametachchandrayanan smritamh..’[2]
arthath, pratah, madhyanh evan sayankal snanakar poornima ke din matr 15 gras bhojan kare. tadanantar pratipada tithi se ek-ek gras kam karate hue chaturdashi ko matr ek gras bhojan kare. amavasaya mean poorn upavas tatha punah shukl pratipada se ek-ek gras bhojan badhate hue poornima ko 15 gras bhojan kare, ise chandrayan vrat kahate haian.
inake atirikth koee-koee yogayajnaparayan hote haian. ye kisi puny kshetr ya tirthasthan mean nivas karate hue ashtaangayogaroop yogayajn ka anushthan karate haian. chittavritti ka nirodh hi yog hai-
‘yogashchittavritti nirodhah’[3].
yam, niyam, asan, pranayam, pratyahar, dharana, dhyan aur samadhi-ye yog ke ath aang haian. inaka sadhan hi ashtaangayog hai.
kuchh doosare karmayogi vedanushilan ko jnanayajn kahate haian. ve isaka hi anushilan karate haian..28..
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