shrimadbhagavadgita tattvavivechani hindi-tika -jayadayal goyandaka
ashtadash adhyay
sambandh- ab rajasi buddhi ke lakshan batalate haian- yaya dharmamadharm ch karyan chakaryamev ch .
uttar- ahiansa, saty, daya, shanti, brahmachary, sham, dam, titiksha tatha yajn, dan, tap evan adhyayan, adhyapan, prajapalan, krishi, pashupalan aur seva adi jitane bhi varnashram ke anusar shastravihit shubhakarm haian- jin acharanoan ka phal shastroan mean is lok aur paralok ke sukh-bhog batalaya gaya hai- tatha jo doosaroan ke hit mean karm haian, un sabaka nam dharm hai’[1] evan jhooth, kapat, chori, vyabhichar hiansa, dambh, abhakshy-bhakshan adi jitane bhi papakarm haian- jinaka phal shastr mean duahkh batalaya hai- un sabaka nam adharm hai. kis samay kis paristhiti mean kaun-sa karm dharm hai aur kaun-sa karm adharm hai- isaka thik-thik nirnay karane mean buddhi ka kunthit ho jana, ya sanshayayukt ho jana adi un donoan ka yatharth n janana hai. prashn- ‘kary’ kisaka nam hai aur ‘akary’ kisaka? tatha dharm-adharm mean aur kartavy-akartavy mean kya bhed hai evan kartavy aur akartavy ko yatharth n janana kya hai? uttar- varn, ashram, prakriti, paristhiti tatha desh aur kal ki apeksha se jis manushy ke liye jo shastr vihit karane yogy karm hai- vah kary (kartavy) hai aur jisake liye shastr mean jis karm ko n karane yogy-nishiddh batalaya hai, balki jisaka n karana hi uchit hai- vah akary (akartavy) hai. shastr nishiddh pap karm to sabake liye akary haian hi, kintu shastr vihit shubh karmoan mean bhi kisi ke liye koee karm kary hota hai aur kisi ke liye koee akary. jaise shoodr ke liye seva karana kary hai aur yajn, vedadhyayan adi karana akary hai; sannyasi ke liye vivek, vairagy, sham, damadi ka sadhan kary hai aur yajn-danadi ka acharan akary hai; brahman ke liye yajn karana karana , dan dena-lena, ved padhana-padhana kary hai aur naukari karana akary hai vaishy ke liye krishi goraksha aur vanijyadi kary hai aur dan lena akary hai. isi tarah svargadi ki kamana vale manushy ke liye kamy-karm kary haian aur mumukshu ke liye akary haian; virakt brahman ke liye sannyas grahan karana kary hai aur bhogasakt ke liye akary hai. isase yah siddh hai ki shastr vihit dharm hone se hi vah sabake liye kartavy nahian ho jata. is prakar dharm kary bhi ho sakata hai aur akary bhi yahi dharm adharm aur kary-akary ka bhed hai. kisi bhi karm ke karane ka ya tyagane ka avasar ane par amuk karm mere liye kartavy hai ya akartavy, mujhe kaun-sa karm kis prakar karana chahiye aur kaun-sa nahian karana chahiye’ -isaka thik-thik nirnay karane mean jo buddhi ka kiankartavyavimoodh ho jana ya sanshay yukt ho jana hai- yahi kartavy aur akartavy ko yatharth n janana hai. |
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ shastroan mean dharm ki b di mahima hai. brihaddharmapuran mean kaha hai-
is vishv ki raksha karane vale vrishabharoop dharm ke char pair mane gaye haian. satyayug mean charoan pair poore rahate haian; treta mean tin, dvapar mean do aur kalayug mean ek hi pair rah jata hai. dharm ke char pair haian- saty, daya, shanti aur ahiansa.
satyan daya tatha shantirahiansa cheti kirtita. dharmasyavayavastat chatvarah poornataan gataah .. isamean saty ke barah bhed haian-amithyavachanan satyan svikarapratipalanamh. priyavakyan guroah seva dridhan chaiv vratan kritamh..
astikyan sadhusaganshch piturmatuah priyakanrah. shuchitvan dvividhan chaiv hirasanchay ev ch..‘jhooth n bolana, svikar kiye hue ka palan karana, priy vachan bolana, guru ki seva karana, niyamoan dridhata se palan karana, astikata, sadhusang, mata-pita ka priyakary, bahyashauch-antarashauch, lajja aur aparigrah.’
daya ke chhah prakar haian-
‘paropakaro danan ch sarvada smitabhashanamh. vinayo nyoonatabhavasvikarah samatamatiah..
‘paropakar, dan, sada hansate hue bolana, vinay, apane ko chhota samajhana aur samatvabuddhi.’
shanti ke tin lakshan haian-
anasooyalpasantosh indriyana ch sanyamah. asaganmo maunamevan devapoojavidhau matiah..
akutashchibhdayatvan ch gambhiryan sthirachittata. arookshabhavah sarvatr niahsprihatvan dridha matiah..
vivarjanan hyakaryanaan samah poojapamanayoah. shlagha paraguneasteyan brahmacharyan dhritiah kshama..
atithyan ch japo homastirthasevaaaryasevanamh. amatsaro bandhamokshajnanan sannyasabhavana..
sahishnuta suduahkheshu akarpanyamamoorkhata.‘kisi mean dosh n dekhana, tho de mean santosh karana, indriy-sanyam, bhogoan mean anasakti, maun, devapooja mean man lagana, nirbhayata, gambhirata, chittaki sthirata, rookhepan ka abhav, sarvatr niahsprihata, nishchayatmika buddhi, n karane yogy karyoan ka tyag, manapaman mean samata, doosare ke gun mean shlagha, chori ka abhav, brahmachary, dhairy, kshama, atithisatkar, jap, hom, tirthaseva, shreshth purushoan ki seva, matsarahinata, bandh-moksh ka jnan, sannyas-bhavana, ati duahkh mean bhi sahishnuta, kripanata ka abhav aur moorkhata ka abhav.’ ahiansa ke sat bhav haian-
ahiansa tvasanajayah parapidavivarjanamh.
shraddha chatithyaseva ch shantaroopapradarshanamh..
atmiyata ch sarvatr atmabuddhiah paratmasu.‘asanajay, doosare ko man-vani-sharir se duahkh n pahuanchana, shraddha, atithisatkar, shantabhav ka pradarshan, sarvatr atmiyata aur doosare mean bhi atmabuddhi.’
yah dharm hai. is dharm ka tho da-sa bhi acharan param labhadayak aur isake viparit acharan mahanh hanikarak hai-
yatha svalpamadharm hi janayeth tu mahabhayamh. svalpamapyasy dharmasy trayate mahato bhayath.. (brihaddharmapuran, parvakhand 1. 47)
‘jaise tho de-se adharm ka acharan mahanh bhay ko utpann karane vala hota hai, vaise hi tho da-sa bhi is dharm ka acharan mahanh bhay se raksha karata hai., is chatushpad dharm ke sath-sath hi apane-apane varnashramanusar dharmoan ka acharan karana chahiye.
sanbandhit lekh
kram sankhya | vishay | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj