- mahabharat ashvamedhik parv ke anugita parv ke aantargat adhyay 46 mean brahmachari, vanaprasthi aur sannyasi ke dharm ka varnan hua hai.[1]
vishay soochi
brahma dvara brahmachari ke dharm ka varnan
vaishampayan ji kahate haian- janamejay! brahma ji ne kaha- maharshigan! is prakar is poorvokt marg ke anusar grihasth ko yathavat acharan karana chahiye evan yathashakti adhyayan karate hue brahmachary vrat ka palan karane vale purush ko chahiye ki vah apane dharm mean tatpar rahe, vidvan bane, sampoorn indriyoan ko apane adhin rakhe, muni vrat ka palan kare, guru ka priy aur hit karane mean laga rahe, saty bole tatha dharm parayan evan pavitr rahe. guru ki ajna lekar bhojan kare. bhojan ke samay ann ki ninda n kare. bhiksha ke ann ko havishy manakar grahan kare. ek sthan par rahe. ek asan se baithe aur niyat samay mean bhraman kare. pavitr aur ekagrachitt hokar donoan samay agni mean havan kare. sada bel ya palash ka dand liye rahe. reshami athava sooti vastr ya mrigacharm dharan kare. athava brahman ke liye sara vastr gerue rang ka hona chahiye. brahmachari mooanj ki mekhala pahane, jata dharan kare, pratidin snan kare, yajnopavatit pahane, ved ke svadhyay mean laga rahe tatha lobh hin hokar niyamapoorvak vrat ka palan kare. jo brahmachari sada niyam parayan hokar shraddha ke sath shuddh jal se nity devataoan ka tarpan karata hai, usak sarvatr prashansa hoti hai.
vanaprasthi dharm
isi prakar age batalaye jane vale uttam gunoan se yukat jitendriy vanaprasthi purush bhi uttam lokoan par vijay pata hai. vah uttam sthan ko pakar phir is sansar mean janm dharan nahian karata. vanaprasth muni ko sab prakar ke sanskaroan ke dvara shuddh hokar brahmachary vrat ka palan karate hue ghar ki mamata tyagakar gaanv se bahar nikalakar van mean nivas karana chahiye. vah mrigacharm athava valkal vastr pahane. prat: aur sayankal ke samay snan kare. sada van mean hi rahe. gaanv mean phir kabhi pravesh n kare. atithi ko ashram de aur samay par unaka satkar kare. jangali phal, mool, patta athava savaan khakar jivan nirvah kare. bahate hue jal, vayu adi sab van ki vastuoan ka hi sevan kare. apane vrat ke anusar sada savadhan rahakar kramash: uparyukat vastuoan ka ahar kare. yadi koee atithi a jay to phal mool ki bhiksha dekar usaka satkar kare. kabhi alasy n kare. jo kuchh bhojan apane pas upasthit ho, usi mean se atithi ko bhiksha de. nity prati pahale devata aur atithiyoan ko bhojan de, usake bad maun hokar svayan ann grahan kare. man mean kisi ke sath spardha n rakhe, hal ka bhojan kare, devataoan ka sahara le. indriyoan ka sanyam kare, sabake sath mitrata ka bartav kare, kshamashil bane aur dadhi mooanchh tatha sir ke baloan ko dharan kiye rahe. samay par agnihotr aur vedoan ka svadhyay kare tatha saty dharm ka palan kare. sharir ko sada pavitr rakhe. dharm palan mean kushalata prapt kare. sada van mean rahakar chitt ko ekagr kiye rahe. is prakar uttam dharmoan ko palan karane vala jitendriy vanaprasthi svarg par vijay pata hai. brahmachari, grihasth athava vanaprasth koee bhi kyoan n ho, jo moksh pana chahata ho, use uttam vritti ka ashray lena chahiye.[1](van prasth ki avadhi poori karake) sampoorn bhootoan ko abhay dan dekar karm tyag roop sannyas dharm ka palan kare. sab praniyoan ke sukh mean sukh mane. sabake sath mitrata rakhe. samast indriyoan ka sanyam aur muni vritti ka palan kare. bina yachana kiye, bina sankalp ke daivat jo ann prapt ho jay, us bhiksha se hi jivan nirvah kare. prat: kal ka nityakarm karane ke bad jab grihasthoan ke yahaan rasoee ghar se dhuaan nikalana band ho jay, ghar ke sab log kha pi chukean aur bartan dho-majakar rakh diye gaye hoan, us samay moksh dharm ke jnata sannyasi ko bhiksha lene ki ichchha karani chahiye. bhiksha mil jane par harsh aur n milane par vishad n kare. (lobhavash) bahut adhik bhiksha ka sangrah n kare. jitane se pran yatra ka nirvah ho utani hi bhiksha leni chahiye.[2]
sannyasi ke dharm ka varnan
sannyasi jivan nirvah ke hi liye bhiksha maange. uchit samay tak usake milane ki bat dekhe. chitt ko ekagr kiye rahe. sadharan vastuoan ki prapti ki bhi ichchha n kare. jahaan adhik samman hota ho, vahaan bhojan n kare. man pratishthan ke labh se sannyasi ko ghrina karani chahiye. vah khaye hue tikt, kasaile tatha k dave ann ka svad n le. bhojan karate samay madhur ras ka bhi asvadan n kare. keval jivan nirvah ke uddeshy se pran dharan matr ke liye upayogi ann ka ahar kare. moksh ke tattv ko janane vala sannyasi doosare praniyoan ki jivika mean badha pahuanchaye bina hi yadi bhiksh mil jati ho tabhi use svikar kare. bhiksha maangate samay data ke dvara diye jane vale ann ke siva doosara ann lene ki kadapi ichchha n kare. use apane dharm ka pradarshan nahian karana chahiye. rajogun se rahit hokar nirjan sthan mean vicharate harana chahiye. rata ko sone ke liye soone ghar, jangal, vriksh ki j d, nadi ke kinare athava parvat ki gupha ka ashray lena chahiye. grishmakal mean gaanv mean ek rat se adhik nahian rahana chahiye, kiantu varshakal mean kisi ek hi sthan par rahana uchit haian. jab tak soory ka prakash rahe tabhi tak sannyasi ke liye rasta chalana uchit hai. vah ki de ki tarah dhire-dhire samoochi prithvi par vicharata rahe aur yatra ke samay jivoan par daya karake prithvi ko achchhi tarah dekh bhalakar age paanv rakhe. kisi prakar ka sangrah n kare aur kahian bhi asaktipoorvak nivas n kare. moksh dharm ke jnata sannyasi ko uchit hai ki sada pavitr jal se kam le. pratidin turant nikale hue jal se snan kare (bahut pahale ke bhare hue jal se nahian). ahiansa, brahmachary, saty, saralata, krodh ka abhav, dosh drishti ka tyag, indriy sanyam aur chugali n khana- in ath vratoan ka sada savadhani ke sath palan kare. indriyoan ko vash mean rakhe. use sada pap, shathata aur kutilata se rahit hokar bartav karana chahiye. nityaprati jo ann apane ap prapt ho jay, usako grahan karana chahiye, kiantu usake liye bhi man mean ichchha nahian rakhani chahie. pran yatra ka nirvah karane ke liye jitana ann avashyak hai, utana hi grahan kare. dharmat: prapt hue ann ka hi ahar kare. manamana bhojan n kare.[2]khone ke liye ann aur sharir dhakane ke liye vastr ke siva aur kisi vastu ka sangrah n kare. bhiksha bhi, jitani bhojan ke liye avashyak ho, utani hi grahan kare, usase adhik nahian.[3]
buddhiman sannyasi ko chahiye ki doosaroan ke liye bhiksha n maange tatha sab praniyoan ke liye daya bhav se sanvibhag poorvak kabhi kuchh dene ki ichchha bhi n kare. doosaroan ke adhikar ka apaharan n kare. bina prarthana ke kisi ki koee vastu svikar n kare. kisi achchhi vastu ka upabhog karake phir usake liye lalayit n rahe. mitti, jal, ann, patr, pushp aur phal- ye vastuean yadi kisi ke adhikar mean n hoan to avashyakata p dane par kriyashil sannyasi inhean kam mean la sakata hai. vah shilpakari karake jivika n chalave, savarn ki ichchha n kare. kisi se dvesh n kare aur upadeshak n bane tatha sangrah rahit rahe. shraddha se prapt hue pavitr ann ka ahar kare. man mean koee nimitt n rakhe. sabake sath amrit ke saman madhur bartav kare, kahian bhi asakt n ho aur kisi bhi prani ke sath parichay n badhave. jitane bhi kamana aur hiansa se yukt karm haian, un sabaka evan laukik karmoan ka svayan anushthan kare aur n doosaroan se karave. sab prakar ke padarthoan ki asakti ka ullanghan karake tho de mean santusht ho sab aur vicharata rahe. sthavar or jangam sabhi praniyoan ke prati saman bhav rakhe. kisi doosare prani ko udveg mean n dale aur svayan bhi kisi se udvign n ho. jo sab praniyoan ka vishvas patr ban jata hai, vah sabase shreshth aur moksh dharm ka jnata kahalata hai. sannyasi ko uchit hai ki bhavishy ke liye vichar n kare, biti huee ghatana ka chintan n kare aur vartaman ki bhi upeksha kar de. keval kal ki pratiksha karata hua chittavrittiyoan ka samadhan karata rahe. netr se, man se aur vani se kahian bhi doshadrishti n kare. sabake samane ya doosaroan ki aankh bachakar koee buraee n kare. jaise kachhua apane aangoan ko sab or se samet leta hai, usi prakar indriyoan ko vishayoan ki or se hata le. indriy, man aur buddhi ko durbal karake nishchesht ho jay. sampoorn tattvoan ka jnan prapt kare. dvandvoan se prabhavit n ho, kisi ke samane matha n teke. svahakar (agnihotr adi) ka parityag kare. mamata aur ahankar se rahit ho jay, yog kshem ki chinta n kare. man par vijay prapt kare. jo nishkam, nirgun, shant, anasakt, nirashray, atmaparayan aur tattv ka jnata hota hai, vah mukt ho jata hai, isamean sanshay nahian haian. jo manushy atma ko hath, pair, pith, mastak aur udar adi aangoan se rahit, gun karmoan se hin, kavel, nirmal, sthir, roop-ras-gandh-sparsh aur shabd se rahit, jney, anasakt, ha d maans ke sharir se, nishchint, avinashi, divy aur sampoorn praniyoan mean sthit sada ekaras rahane vala janate haian, unaki kabhi mrityu nahian hoti. us atmatattv tak buddhi, indriy aur devataoan ki bhi pahuanch nahian hoti. jahaan keval jnanavan mahatmaoan ki hi gati hai, vahaan ved, yajn, lok, tap aur vrat ka bhi pravesh nahian hota, kyoanki vah bahy chihn se rahit mani gayi hai. isaliye bahy chihnoan se rahit dharm ko janakar usaka yatharth roop se palan karana chahiye.[3]
guhy dharm mean sthit vidvan purush ko uchit hai ki vah vijnan ke anuroop acharan kare. moodh n hokar bhi moodh ke saman bartav kare, kiantu apane kisi vyavahar se dharm ko kalankit n kare. jis kam ke karane se samaj ke doosare log anadar karean, vaisa hi kam shant rahakar sada karata rahe, kiantu satpurushoan ke dharm ki ninda n kare. jo is prakar ke bartav se sampann hai, vah shreshth muni kahalata hai. jo manushy indriy, unake vishay, panchamahabhoot, man, buddhi, ahankar, prakriti aur puurush- sabaka vichar karake in ke tattv ka yathavat nishchay kar leta hai, vah sampoorn bandhanoan se mukt hokar svarg ko prapt kar leta hai. jo tattvavetta ant samay mean in tattvoan ka jnan prapt karake ekant mean baithakar paramatma ka dhyan karata hai, vah akash mean vicharane vale vayu ki bhaanti sab prakar ki asaktiyoan se chhootakar panchakoshoan se rahit, nibhray tatha nirashray hokar mukt evan paramatma ko prapt ho jata hai.[4]
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 mahabharat ashvamedhik parv adhyay 46 shlok 1-17
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 mahabharat ashvamedhik parv adhyay 46 shlok 18-32
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 mahabharat ashvamedhik parv adhyay 46 shlok 33-51
- ↑ mahabharat ashvamedhik parv adhyay 46 shlok 52-58
sanbandhit lekh
mahabharat ashvamedhik parv mean ullekhit kathaean
ashvamedh parv
yudhishthir ka shokamagn hokar girana aur dhritarashtr ka unhean samajhana
| shrikrishn aur vyas ka yudhishthir ko samajhana
| vyas ka yudhishthir se sanvart aur marutt ka prasang kahana
| vyas dvara marutt ke poorvajoan ka varnan
| brihaspati ka manushy ko yajn n karane ki pratijna karana
| narad ki ajna se marutt ki sanvart se bheant
| marutt ke agrah par sanvart ka yajn karane ki svikriti dena
| sanvart ka marutt ko suvarn ki prapti ke lie mahadev ki namamayi stuti ka upadesh
| marutt ki sampatti se brihaspati ka chintit hona
| brihaspati ka indr se apani chinta ka karan batana
| indr ki ajna se agnidev ka marutt ke pas sandesh lekar jana
| agnidev ka sanvart ke bhay se lautana aur indr se brahmabal ki shreshthata batana
| indr ka gandharvaraj ko bhejakar marutt ko bhay dikhana
| sanvart ka mantrabal se devataoan ko bulana aur marutt ka yajn poorn karana
| shrikrishn ka yudhishthir ko indr dvara sharirasth vritrasur sanhar ka itihas sunana
| shrikrishn ka yudhishthir ko man par vijay pane ka adesh
| shrikrishn dvara mamata ke tyag ka mahattv
| shrikrishn dvara kamagita ka ullekh tatha yudhishthir ko yajn hetu prerana
| yudhishthir dvara rrishiyoan ki vidaee aur hastinapur mean pravesh
| yudhishthir ke dharmarajy ka varnan
| shrikrishn ka arjun se dvaraka jane ka prastav
anugita parv
arjun ka shrikrishn se gita ka vishay poochhana
| shrikrishn ka arjun se siddh, maharshi tatha kashyap ka sanvad sunana
| siddh mahatma dvara jiv ki vividh gatiyoan ka varnan
| jiv ke garbh-pravesh ka varnan
| achar-dharm, karm-phal ki anivaryata ka varnan
| sansar se tarane ke upay ka varnan
| guru-shishy ke sanvad mean moksh prapti ke upay ka varnan
| brahmanagita, ek brahman ka patni se jnanayajn ka upadesh karana
| das hotaoan se sampann hone vale yajn ka varnan
| man aur vani ki shreshthata ka pratipadan
| man-buddhi aur indriyaroop sapt hotaoan ka varnan
| yajn tatha man-indriy sanvad ka varnan
| pran, apan adi ka sanvad aur brahma ka sabaki shreshthata batana
| narad aur devamat ka sanvad evan udan ke utkrisht roop ka varnan
| chaturhom yajn ka varnan
| antaryami ki pradhanata
| adhyatm vishayak mahan van ka varnan
| jnani purush ki sthiti tatha adhvaryu aur yati ka sanvad
| parashuram ke dvara kshatriy kul ka sanhar
| alark ke dhyanayog ka udaharan dekar pitamahoan ka parashuram ko samajhana
| parashuram ka tapasya ke dvara siddhi prapt karana
| raja ambarish ki gayi huee adhyatmik svarajyavishayak gatha
| brahmanaroopadhari dharm aur janak ka mamatvatyag vishayak sanvad
| brahman ka patni ke prati apane jnananishth svaroop ka parichay dena
| shrikrishn dvara brahmanagita ka upasanhar
| guru-shishy sanvad mean brahma aur maharshiyoan ke prashnottar
| brahma ke dvara tamogun, usake kary aur phal ka varnan
| rajogun ke kary ka varnan aur usake janane ka phal
| sattvagun ke kary ka varnan aur usake janane ka phal
| sattv adi gunoan ka aur prakriti ke namoan ka varnan
| mahattattv ke nam aur paramatmatattv ko janane ki mahima
| ahankar ki utpatti aur usake svaroop ka varnan
| ahankar se panch mahabhootoan aur indriyoan ki srishti
| adhyatm, adhibhoot aur adhidaivat ka varnan
| nivrittimarg ka upadesh
| charachar praniyoan ke adhipatiyoan ka varnan
| dharm adi ke lakshanoan ka aur vishayoan ki anubhooti ke sadhanoan ka varnan
| kshetraj ki vilakshanata
| sab padarthoan ke adi-ant ka aur jnan ki nityata ka varnan
| deharoopi kalachakr ka tatha grihasth aur brahman ke dharm ka kathan
| brahmachari, vanaprasthi aur sannyasi ke dharm ka varnan
| mukti ke sadhanoan ka, deharoopi vriksh ka tatha jnan-khang se use katane ka varnan
| atma aur paramatma ke svaroop ka vivechan
| dharm ka nirnay janane ke lie rrishiyoan ka prashn
| brahma dvara sattv aur purush ki bhinnata ka varnan
| brahma dvara buddhiman ki prashansa
| panchabhootoan ke gunoan ka vistar aur paramatma ki shreshthata ka varnan
| tapasya ka prabhav
| atma ka svaroop aur usake jnan ki mahima
| anugita ka upasanhar
| shrikrishn ka arjun ke sath hastinapur jana
| shrikrishn ka subhadra ke sath dvaraka ko prasthan
| kauravoan ke vinash se uttank muni ka kupit hona
| shrikrishn ka krodhit uttank muni ko shaant karana
| shrikrishn ka uttank se adhyatmatattv ka varnan
| shrikrishn ka uttank muni ko kauravoan ke vinash ka karan batana
| shrikrishn ka uttank muni ko vishvasvaroop ka darshan karana
| shrikrishn dvara uttank muni ko marudesh mean jal prapti ka varadan
| uttank ki gurubhakti ka varnan
| uttank ka guruputri ke sath vivah
| uttank ka divyakundal lane ke lie saudas ke pas jana
| uttank ka saudas se unaki rani ke kundal maangana
| uttank ka kundal hetu rani madayanti ke pas jana
| uttank ka kundal lekar pun: saudas ke pas lautana
| takshak dvara kundaloan ka apaharan
| uttank ko pun: kundaloan ki prapti
| shrikrishn ka dvaraka mean raivatak mahotsav mean sammilit hokar sabase milana
| shrikrishn ka vasudev ko mahabharat yuddh ka vrittant sankshep mean sunana
| shrikrishn ka vasudev ko abhimanyu vadh ka vrittaant sunana
| vasudev adi yadavoan ka abhimanyu ke nimitt shraddh karana
| vyas ka uttara aur arjun ko samajhakar yudhishthir ko ashvamedh yajn ki ajna dena
| yudhishthir ka bhaiyoan se paramarsh tatha dhan lane hetu prasthan
| paandavoan ka himalay par p dav aur upavasapoorvak ratri nivas
| shiv adi ka poojan karake yudhishthir ka dhanarashi ko le jana
| uttara ke mrit balak ko jilane ke lie kunti ki shrikrishn se prarthana
| parikshit ko jilane ke lie subhadra ki shrikrishn se prarthana
| uttara ki shrikrishn se putr ko jivit karane ki prarthana
| shrikrishn ka uttara ke mrit balak ko jivan dan dena
| shrikrishn dvara parikshit ka namakaran tatha pandavoan ka hastinapur agaman
| shrikrishn dvara paandavoan ka svagat
| vyas tatha shrikrishn ka yudhishthir ko yajn ke lie ajna dena
| vyas ki ajna se ashv ki raksha hetu arjun ki niyukti
| vyas dvara bhim, nakul tatha sahadev ki vibhinn karyoan hetu niyukti
| sena sahit arjun ke dvara ashv ka anusaran
| arjun ke dvara trigartoan ki parajay
| arjun ka pragjyautishapur ke raja vajradatt ke sath yuddh
| arjun ke dvara vajradatt ki parajay
| arjun ka saindhavoan ke sath yuddh
| du:shala ke anurodh se arjun aur saindhavoan ke yuddh ki samapti
| arjun aur babhruvahan ka yuddh evan arjun ki mrityu
| arjun ki mrityu se chitraangada ka vilap
| arjun ki mrityu par babhruvahan ka shokodgar
| uloopi ka sanjivani mani dvara arjun ko pun: jivit karana
| uloopi dvara arjun ki parajay ka rahasy batana
| arjun ka putr aur patni se vida lekar pun: ashv ke pichhe jana
| arjun dvara magadharaj meghasandhi ki parajay
| ashv ka dvaraka, panchanad tatha gaandhar desh mean pravesh
| arjun dvara shakuniputr ki parajay
| yudhishthir ki ajna se yajnabhoomi ki taiyari
| yudhishthir ke yajn ki sajavat aur ayojan
| shrikrishn ka yudhishthir se arjun ka sandesh kahana
| arjun ke vishay mean shrikrishn aur yudhishthir ki batachit
| arjun ka hastinapur agaman
| uloopi aur chitraangada sahit babhruvahan ka svagat
| ashvamedh yajn ka arambh
| yudhishthir ka brahmanoan aur rajaoan ko vida karana
| yudhishthir ke yajn mean nevale ka agaman
| nevale ka serabhar sattoodan ko ashvamedh yajn se badhakar batana
| hiansamishrit yajn aur dharm ki ninda
| maharshi agasty ke yajn ki katha
vaishnavadharm parv
yudhishthir ka shrikrishn se vaishnavadharm vishayak prashn
| shrikrishn dvara dharm ka tatha apani mahima ka varnan
| charoan varnoan ke karm aur unake phaloan ka varnan
| dharm ki vriddhi aur pap ke kshay hone ka upay
| vyarth janm, dan aur jivan ka varnan
| sattvik danoan ka lakshan
| dan ka yogy patr
| brahman ki mahima
| bij aur yoni ki shuddhi ka varnan
| gayatri mantr jap ki mahima ka varnan
| brahmanoan ki mahima aur unake tiraskar ke bhayanak phal ka varnan
| yamalok ke marg ka kasht
| yamalok ke marg-kasht se bachane ke upay
| jal dan aur ann dan ka mahatmy
| atithi satkar ka mahatmy
| bhoomi dan ki mahima
| til dan ki mahima
| uttam brahman ki mahima
| anek prakar ke danoan ki mahima
| panchamahayajn ka varnan
| vidhivat snan aur usake aangabhoot karm ka varnan
| bhagavan ke priy pushpoan ka varnan
| bhagavan ke bhagavadbhaktoan ka varnan
| kapila gau tatha usake dan ka mahatmy
| kapila gau ke das bhed
| kapila gau ka mahatmy
| kapila gau mean devataoan ke nivasasthan ka varnan
| yajn aur shraddh ke ayogy brahmanoan ka varnan
| narak mean le jane vale papoan ka varnan
| svarg mean le jane vale punyoan ka varnan
| brahmahatya ke saman pap ka varnan
| jinaka ann varjaniy hai, un papiyoan ka varnan
| dan ke phal aur dharm ki prashansa ka varnan
| dharm aur shauch ke lakshan
| sannyasi aur atithi satkar ke upadesh
| danapatr brahman ka varnan
| annadan ki prashansa
| bhojan ki vidhi
| gauoan ko ghas dalane ka vidhan
| til ka mahatmy
| apaddharm, shreshth aur nindy brahman
| shraddh ka uttam kal
| manav dharm-sar ka varnan
| agni ke svaroop mean agnihotr ki vidhi
| agnihotr ke mahatmy ka varnan
| chandrayan vrat ki vidhi
| prayashchitaroop mean chandrayan vrat ka vidhan
| sarvahitakari dharm ka varnan
| dvadashi vrat ka mahatmy
| yudhishthir ke dvara bhagavan ki stuti
| vishuvayog aur grahan adi mean dan ki mahima
| pipal ka mahattv
| tirthabhoot gunoan ki prashansa
| uttam prayashchit
| uttam aur adham brahmanoan ke lakshan
| bhakt, gau aur pipal ki mahima
| shrikrishn ke upadesh ka upasanhar
| shrikrishn ka dvarakagaman
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj