छत्र और उपानह की उत्पत्ति एवं दान की प्रशंसा

mahabharat anushasan parv ke danadharm parv ke aantargat adhyay 96 mean chhatr aur upanah ki utpatti evan dan ki prashansa ka varnan hua hai.

yudhishthir ka prasn

yudhishthir ne poochha- pitamah! jab sooryadev is prakar yachana kar rahe the, us samay mahatejasvi munishreshth jamadagni ne kaun-sa kary kiya?

bhishm dvara sooryadev ke yachana karane par jamadagni ke kary ka varnan

bhishm ji ne kaha- kurunandan. sooryadev ke is tarah prarthana karane par bhi agni ke saman tejasvi jamadagni muni ka krodh shant nahian hua. prajanath! tab vipraroopadhari soory ne hath jo d pranam karake madhur vani dvara yoan kaha- viprarshe! apaka lakshy to chal hai, soory bhi sada chalate rahate haian. atah nirantar yatra karate hue sooryaroopi chanchal lakshy ka ap kis prakar bhedan kareange?

jamadagni bole- hamara lakshy chanchal ho ya sthir, ham jnan dashti se pahachan gaye haian ki tumhian soory ho. atah aj dand dekar tumhean avashy hi vinayukt banayeange. divakar! tum dopahar ke samay adhe nimesh ke liye thahar jate ho. soory! usi samay tumhean sthir pakar ham apane banoan dvara tumhare sharir ka bhedan kar daleange. is vishay mean mujhe koee (anyatha) vichar nahian karana hai.

soory bole- dhamurdharoan mean shreshth viprarshe! nisandeh ap mere sharir ka bhedan kar sakate haian. bhagavan! yadyapi maian apaka aparadhi hooan to bhi ap mujhe apana sharanagat samajhiye.

chhatr aur upanah ki utpatti

bhishm ji kahate haian- rajan! sooryadev ki yah bat sunakar jamadagni hans p de aur unase bole- ‘sooryadev! ab tumhean bhay nahian manana chahiye; kyoanki tum mere sharanagat ho gaye ho. ‘brahmanoan mean jo saralata hai, prithvi mean jo sthirata hai, som ka jo saumyabhav, sagar ki jo gambhirata, agni ki jo dipti, meru ki jo chamak aur soory ka jo pratap hai- in sabaka vah purush ullanghan kar jata hai, in sabaki maryada ka nash karane vala samajha jata hai jo sharanagat ka vadh karata hai. jo sharanagat ki hatya karata hai, use gurupatnigaman brahmatya aur madirapan ka pap lagata hai’. tat! is samay tumhare dvara jo yah aparadh hua hai, usaka koee samadhan -upay socho. jisase tumhari kiranoan dvara tapa hua marg sugamata poorvak chalane yogy ho sake’.

bhishm ji kahate haian- rajan! itana kahakar bhrigushreshth jamadagni muni chup ho gaye. tab bhagavan soory ne unhean shighr hi chhatr aur upanah donoan vastuaian pradan kian.

dan ki prashansa

sooryadev ne kaha- maharshe! yah chhatr meri kiranoan ka nivaran karake mastak ki raksha karega tatha cham de ke bane ye ek jo de joote haian, jo pairoan ko jalane se bachane ke liye prastut kiye gaye haian. ap inhean grahan kijiye. aj se jagat mean in donoan vastuoan ka prachar hoga aur puny ke sabhi avasaroan par inaka dan uttam evan akshay phal dene vala hoga.

bhishm ji ne kahate hai- bharat! chhata aur joota- in donoan vastuoan ka prakaty- chhata lagane aur joota pahanane ki pratha soory ne hi jari ki hai. in vastuoan ka dan tinoan lokoan mean pavitr bataya gaya hai. isaliye tum brahmanoan ko uttam chhate aur joote diya karo. unake dan se mahan dharm hoga. is vishay mean mujhe bhi sandeh nahian hai. bharatashreshth jo brahman ko sau shalakaoan se yukt sundar chhata dan karata hai, vah paralok mean sukhi hota hai. bharatabhooshan! vah devataoan, brahmanoan aur apsaraoan dvara satat sammanit hota hua indralok mean nivas karata hai.

mahabaho! bharatanandan! jisake pair jal rahe hoan aise kathor vratadhari snatak ddhij ko joote dan karata hai, vah sharir-tyag ke pashchath devavandit lokoan mean jata hai. aur b di prasannata ke sath golok mean nivas karata hai. bharatashreshth! bharatasattam! yah maianne tumase chhatoan aur jootoan ke dan ka sampoorn phal bataya hai.

shoodroan par kripa karane ka varnan

yudhishthir ne poochha- pitamah. is jagat mean shoodroan ke liye sada ddhijatiyoan ki seva ko hi param dharm bataya gaya hai. vah seva kin karanoan se kitane prakar ki kahi gayi hai? bharatabhooshan! bharataratn! shoodroan ko ddhijoan ki seva se kin lokoan ki prapti batayi gayi hai? mujhe dharm ka lakshan bataiye.

bhishm ji ne kaha- rajan. is vishay mean brahmavadi parashar ne shoodroan par kripa karane ke liye jo kuchh kaha hai, usi is prachin itihas ka udaharan diya jata hai. b de-boodhe parashar muni ne sab varnoan par kripa karane ke liye shauchachar se sampann nirmal evan anamay dharm ka pratipadan kiya. tattvajn parashar muni ne apane sare dharmopadesh ko thik-thik anupoorvi sahit apane shishh‍yoan ko padhaya. vah ek sarthak dharmashastr tha.

parashar ne kaha- manushy ko chahiye ki vah jitendriy, manonigrahi, pavi. chanchalata rahit, sabal, dhairyashil, uttarottar vad-vivad n karane vala, lobhahin, dayalu, saral, brahmavadi, sadachar parayan aur sarvabhoot hitaishi hokar sada apane hi deh mean rahane vale kam, krodh, lobh, man, moh aur mad- in chhah shatruoan ko avashh‍y jitean. buddhiman manushy vidhipoorvak dhairy ka ashray le gurujanoan ki seva mean tatpar, ahankar shoony tatha tinoan varnoan ki sahanubhooti ka patr hokar apani shakti aur bal ke anusar karm, man, vani, aur netr- in charoan ke dvara char prakar sanyam ka abalanvan le shaant chitt, damanashil evan jitendriy ho jaye. daksh, jnanijanoan ka nity anveshan karane vala yajn shesh amrit roop ann ka bhojan kare. jaise bhaura phooloan se madhu ka sanchay karata hai, usi prakar tinoan varnoan se mudhakari bhiksha ka sanchay karate hue brahman bhikshu ko dharm ka acharan karana chahiye. brahmanoan ka dhan hai ved-shash‍troan ka svadhyay, kshatriyoan ka dhan hai bal, vaishh‍yoan ka dhan hai vyapar aur kheti tatha shoodroan ka dhan hai tinoan varnoan ki seva. is dharmaroopi dhan ka uchchhed karane se manushy narak mean p data hai. narak se nikalane par ye dharm rahit nirday manushy mlechchh hote haian aur malechchh hone ke bad phir pap karm karane se unhean sada ke liye narak aur pashu-pakshi adi tiryak yoni ki prapti hoti hai. jo log prachin varnashramochit sanmarg ka ashray sare viparit margoan ka parityag karake svadharm ke marg par chalate haian, samast praniyoan ke prati daya rakhate haian aur krodh ko jitakar shastrokt vidhi se shraddha poorvak devataoan tatha brahmanoan ki pooja karate haian, unake liye yathavat roop se kramash: sampoorn dharmoan ke grahan ki vidhi tatha seva bhav ki prapti adi ka varnan karata hooan. jo vishesh roop se shauch ka sampadan karana chahate haian, unake liye sabhi shauch vishayak prayojanoan ka varnan karata hooan. tattvadarshi vidvanoan ne shastr mean mahashauch adi vidyanoan ko pratyaksh dekha hai.

shauch-karm ka varnan

vahaan shoodr bhi bhikshuoan ke shauchachar ke liye mitti tatha any avashh‍yak padarthoan ka prabandh karean. jo dharm ke jnata, keval dharm ke hi ashrit tatha samyak jnan se sampann haian, un sarvahitesi sannyasiyoan ko chahiye ki ve sajjana charit marg par sthit hoan is pavitr komalata svaroop sthan (mal tyag ke yogy kshetr adi) ka nishh‍chay karean. man aur indriyoan ko vash mean rakhane vale purush ko chahiye ki vah nirjan evan ghire hue sthan ko dekhakar vahaan sajal patr aur dekhabhal kar li huee mrittika rakhean. phir us bhoomi ka bhalibhaanti nirikshan karake maun hokar mool-tyag ke liye baithean. yadi din ho to uttar ki or muanh karake aur rat ho to dakshina bhimukh hokar mal ya mootr ka tyag karean. mal tyag karane ke poorv us samay bhoomi ko tinake adi se dhake rahana chahiye tatha apane mastak ko bhi vastr se achchhadit kiye rahana uchit hai. jab tak shauk karm samapt n ho jaye tab tak muanh se kuchh n bolean, arthat maun rahe. shauch-karm poora karake bhi achaman ke anantar jate samay maun hi rahean. shauch ke liye baitha hua purush apane samane mrittika aur jal patr rakhean. dhir purush kamandalu ko hath mean liye hue dahine pashh‍v aur uroo ke madhy desh mean rakhean aur savadhani ke sath dhire-dhire mootr tyag karean, jisase apane kisi aang par usaka chhianta n p de. tatpashchath hath se vidhipoorvak shuddh jal lekar mootr sthan (upasth) ko aisi savadhani ke sath dhoaian jisase usamean mootr ki booandean n lagi rah jayean tatha ashuddh hath se donoan jaanghoan ka bhi sparsh n karean. yadi mal tyag kiya gaya ho to guda bhag ko dhote samay usamean kramash: tin bar mitti lagaaian. guda ko shuddh karane ke liye baranbar is prakar dhona chahiye ki jal ka aghat kap de mean n lage. jisaka kap da mal se dooshit ho gaya hai aise purush ke liye ddhigun shauch ka vidhan hai. use donoan pairoan, dono jaanghoan aur donoan hathoan ki vishesh shuddhi avashh‍y karani chahiye. shauch ka palan n karane se sharir-shuddhi ke vishay mean sandeh bana rahata hai. atah jis-jis prakar se sharir shuddhi ho vaise-hi-vais kary karane ki cheshta karean. mitti ke sath kshar aur reh milakar usake dvara vastr ki shuddhi karani chahiye.

jisamean koee apavitr vastu lag gayi ho us vastr se us vastu ka lep mit jaye aur usaki durgandh door ho jaye, aisi shuddhi ka sampadan avashh‍yak hota hai. apattikal mean char, tin, do athava ek bar mrittika lagani chahiye. desh aur kal ke anusar shauchachar mean gaurav athava laghav kiya ja sakata hai. is vidhi se pratidin alasy ka parityag karake shauch (shuddhi) ka sampadan karean tatha shuddhi ka sampadan karane vala purush donoan pairoan ko dhokar idhar-udhar drishti n dalata hue bina kisi ghabarahat ke chala jaye. pahale pairoan ko bhali-bhaanti dhokar phir kalaee se lekar samooche hath ko oopar se niche tak dho dale. isake bad hath mean jal lekar achaman kare. achaman ke samay maun hokar tin bar jal piye. us jal mean kisi prakar ki avaj n ho tatha achaman ke pashchath vah jal hriday tak pahuanche. vidvan purush ko chahiye ki vah aangoothe ke moolabhag se do bar muh poanchhean. isake bad indriyoan ke chhidroan ka sparsh kare. vah pratham bar jo jal pita hai, usase rrigved ko tript karata hai, ddhitiy bar ka jal yajurved ko aur tritiy bar ka jal samaved ko tript karata hai. pahali bar jo mukh ka marjan kiya jata hai, usase atharvaved tript hota hai aur ddhitiy bare ke marjan se itihas-puran evan smritiyoan ke adhishthata devata santusht hote haian. mukhamarjan ke pashchath ddhij jo aanguliyoan se netroan ka sparsh karata hai, usake dvara vah sooryadev ko tript karata hai. nasika ke sparsh se vayu ko aur donoan kanoan ke sparsh se vah dishaoan ko santusht karata hai. achaman karane vala purush apane mastak par jo hath rakhata hai, usake dvara vah brahma ji ko tript karata hai aur oopar ki or jo jal pheankata hai, usake dvara vah akash ke adhishthata devata ko santusht karata hai. vah apane donoan pairoan par jo jal dalata hai, isase bhagavan vishnu prasann hote haian. achaman karane vala purush poorv ya uttar ki or muanh karake apane hath ko ghutane ke bhitar rakhakar jal ka sparsh kare. bhojan adi sabhi avasaroan par sada achaman karane ki yahi vidhi hai. yadi daantoan ann laga ho to apane ko jootha manakar punah achaman kare, yah shauchachar ki vidhi batayi gayi. kisi vastu ki shuddhi ke liye us par jal chhi dakana bhi kartavy mana jata hai. (sadhu-seva ke udveshh‍y se) ghar se nikalate samay shoodr ke liye bhi yah shauchachar ki vidhi dekhi gayi hai. jisane man ko vash mean kiya hai tatha jo apane hit ki ichchha rakhata hai, aise suyashakami shoodr ko chahiye ki vah sada shauchachar se sampann hokar hi sannh‍yasiyoan ke nikat jaye aur unaki seva adi ka kary kare. kshatriy arambh (utsah) roop yajn karane vale hote haian. vaishh‍yoan ke yajn mean havishy (havaniy padarth) ki pradhanata hoti hai, shoodroan ka yajn seva hi hai tatha brahman jap roopi yajn karane vale hote haian. shoodr seva se jivan nirvah karane vale hote haian. vaishh‍y se vyapar jivi haian, dushtoan ka daman karana kshatriyoan ki jivan vriti hai aur brahman vedoan ke svadhyay se jivan nirvah karate haian. kyoanki brahman tapasya se, kshatriy palan adi se vaishh‍y atithi satkar se aur shoodr sevavriti se shobha pate haian.

shoodr dharm ka varnan

apane man ko vash mean rakhane vale shoodr ko sada hi tin varnoan ki visheshatah ashram vasiyoan ki seva karani chahiye. trivarn ki seva mean ashakt hue shoodr ko apani shakti, vuddhi, dharm tath shastr jnan ke anusar ashram vasiyoan ki seva karani chahiye. visheshatah sannyas ashram mean rahane vale bhikshu ki seva usake liye param kartavy hai. shastroan ke sidvant- jnan mean nipun shisht purush charoan ashramoan mean sannh‍yas ko hi pradhan manate haian. shisht purush vedoan aur smritiyoan ke vidhan ke anusar jis kartavh‍y ka upadesh karean asamarth purush ko usi ka anushthan karana chahiye. usake liye vahi dharm nishchit kiya gaya hai. isake viparit karane vala manav kalyan ka bhagi nahian hota hai, atah shoodr ko sannh‍yasiyoan ki seva karake sada apana kalyan karana chahiye. manushy is lok mean jo kalyanakari kary karata hai, usaka phal mrityu ke pashchath use prapt hota hai. jise vah apana kartavy samajhata hai, us kary ko vah dosh drishti n rakhate hue kare. dosh drishti rakhate hue jo kary kiya jata hai, usaka phal is jagat mean b de duahkh se prapt hota hai. shoodr ko chahiye ki vah priy vachan bole, krodh ko jite, alasy door bhaga de, eershh‍ya-dvesh se rahit ho jaye, kshamashil, shilavan tatha satadharm mean tatpar rahe. apatti kal mean vah sannh‍yasiyoan ke ashram mean jakar unaki seva kare. ‘yahi mera param dharm hai, isi ke dvara maian atyant dustar ghor-sansar sagar se par ho jaooanga. isamean sanshay nahian hai. maian nirbhay hokar is deh ka tyag karake paramagati ko prapt ho jaooanga. isase badhakar mere liye doosara koee kartavy nahian hai. yahi sanatan dharm hai.’ man-hi-man aisa vichar karake prasannachitt hua shoodr buddhi ko ekagr karake sada uttam shushroosha-dharm ka palan kare. shoodr ko chahiye ki vah niyam poorvak seva mean tattapar rahe, sada yajn shisht ann bhojan kare. man aur indriyoan ko vash mean rakhe aur sada kartavya kartavy ko jane. sabhi karyo mean jo avashh‍yak krity hoan, unhean karake hi dikhave. jaise-jaise sannyasi ko prasannata ho, usi prakar usaka kary sadhan kare. jo kary sannyasi ke liye hitakar n ho, use kadapi ne kare. jo kary sannh‍yas-ashram ke viroodv n ho tatha jo dharm ke anukool ho, shubh ki ichchha rakhane valo shoodr ko vah kary sada bina vichare hi karana chahiye. man-vani aur kriya dvara sada hi unhean santusht rakhean.

jab ve sannyasi kh de hoan, tab seva karane vale shoodr ko svayan bhi kh da rahana chahiye tatha jab ve kahian ja rahe ho tab use svayan bhi unake pichhe-pichhe jana chahiye. yadi ve asan par baithe hoan tab vah svayan bhi bhoomi par baithe. tatpary hai ki sada hi unaka anusaran karata rahe. ratri ke kary poora karake pratidin unase ajna lekar vidhi poorvak snan karake unake liye jal se bhara hua kalash le akar rakhe. phir sannh‍yasiyoan ke sthan par jakar unhean vidhipoorvak pranam kare indriyoan ko sanyam mean rakhakar brahman adi gurujanoan ko pranam kare. isi prakar svadharm ka anushthan karane vale achary adi ko namaskar evan abhivadan kare. unaka kushal samachar poochhe. pahale jo shoodr ashram ke kary mean sidvahast hoan, unaka svayan bhi sada anukaran kare, unake saman kary parayan hoan. apane saman dharmashoodr ko pranam kare, doosare shoodroan ko kadapi nahian. sannh‍yasiyoan athava ashram ke doosare vyaktiyoan ko kahe bina hi pratidin niyam poorvak uthe aur jha doo dekar ashram ki bhoomi ko lip-pot de. tatpashchath dharm ke anusar phooloan ka sangrah karake poojaniy devata ki un phooloan dvara pooja kare. isake bad ashram se nikalar turant hi doosare kary mean lag jaye. ashram vasiyoan ke svadhyay mean vighn n p de, isake liye sada sachesht rahe. jo svadhyay mean vighn dalata hai, vah pap ka bhagi hota hai. apane-apako is prakar savadhani ke sath seva mean lagaye rakhana chahiye jisase ve sadhu log prasann ho. shoodr ko is prakar vichar karana chahiye ki ‘maian to shastroan mean dharmatah tinoan varnoan ka sevak vataya gaya hooan. phir jo sannh‍yas ashram mean rahakar jo kuchh mil jaye, usi se nirvah karane vale b de-boodhe sannyasi haian, unaki seva ke vishay mean to kahana hi kya hai? (unaki seva karana to mera param dharm hai hi). ‘jo keval jnanadarshi, vitarag sannyasi haian, unaki seva mujhe vishesh roop se man ko vash mean rakhate hue karani chahiye. ‘unaki kripa aur tapasya se maian manovaanchhit shubh gati prapt kar looanga. ’aisa nishh‍chay karake yadi shoodr poorvokt vidhi se sannh‍yasiyoan ka sevan kare to param gati ko prapt hota hai. shoodr seva karm se jis manovaanchhit gati ko prapt kar leta hai, vaisi gati dan tatha upavas adi ke dvara bhi nahian prapt kar sakata.

shoodr dvara brahman ki seva

manushy jaise jal se kap de dhota hai, us jal ki svachchhata ke anusar hi vah vastr svachchh hota hai. shoodr bhi isi marg se chalakar jaise purush ka sevan karata hai, sansargavash vah shidhr vaisa ho jata hai, isamean sanshay nahian hai. at shoodr ko chahiye ki apane man ko vash mean karake prayatn poorvak sannh‍yasiyoan ki seva kare. jo rah chalane se thake-maande kasht pa rahe hoan tatha rog se pi dit hoan, un sannh‍yasiyoan ki us apatti ke samay yatn aur niyam ke sath vishesh seva karean. un kushasan, mrigacharm aur bhiksha patr ki bhi dekh bhal karean tatha unaki ruchi ke anusar sara kary karata rahe. sab kary is prakar savadhani se kare, jisase koee aparadh n banane pave. sannyasi yadi rog grast ho jaye to sada udyat rahakar unake kap de dhove. unake liye aushadhi le ave tatha unaki chikitsa ke liye prayatn kare. bhikshuk bimar hone par bhi bhikshatan ke liye jaye. vidvan chikitsakoan ke yahaan upasthit ho tatha rog-nivaran ke liye upayukt vishuddh aushadhiyoan ka sangrah karean. jo chikitsak prasannatapoorvak aushadhi de, usi se sannyasi ko aushadh lena chahiye. ashraddhapoorvak di huee aushadhiyoan ko sannyasi apane upayog n le. jo shraddha poorvak di gayi aur shraddh se hi grahan ki gee hoan, usi aushadhi ke sevan se dharm hota hai aur rogoan se chhutakara bhi milata hai. shoodr ko chahiye ki jab tak yah sharir chhoot n jaye tab tak isi prakar vidhi poorvak seva karata rahe. dharm ka ullaghann karake un sadhu-sannh‍yasiyoan ke prati viparit acharan n kare. shit-ushm adi sare dvand svabhav se hi ate-jate rahate haian, samast padarth svabhav se hi utpann hote aur nasht ho jate haian. sare trigunamay padarth samudr ki laharoan ke saman utpann aur vilin hote rahate haian. jo buddhiman evan tattvajn purush aisa manata hai, vah jal se nirlipt rahane vale pad paghapatr ke saman pap se lipt nahian hota. is prakar shoodroan ka alasy shoony hokar sannh‍yasiyoan ki seva ke liye prayatn shil rahana chahiye. vah sab prakar ki chhoti-b di sevaoan dvara aisi cheshta kare, jisase ve sannyasi sada santusht rahean.bhikshu ka aparadh kabhi n karean, usaki avahelana bhi n karean, usaki k di bat ka kabhi uttar n dean aur yadi vah kupit ho to use prasann karane ki cheshta karean. sada kalyanakari bat hi bolean aur prasannatapoorvak kalyanakari karm hi karean. sannyasi kupit ho to usake samane chup hi rahean, batachit n karean. sannyasi ko chahiye ki bhagy se koee vastu mile ya n mile, jo kuchh prapt ho usi se jivan nirvah evan sharir ka rposhan karean. jo krodhi ho, usase kisi vastu ki yachana n karean. jo jnan se dvesh rakhata ho, usase bhi koee vastu n maange. sthavar aur jangam sabhi praniyoan par daya karean. jaise apane oopar usi prakar doosaroan par samatapoorn drishti dalean.

sannyasi puny tirthoan ka nirantar sevan kare, nadiyoan ke tat par kuti banakar rahe. athava soone ghar mean dera dale. van mean vrikshoan ke niche athava parvatoan ki guphaoan mean nivas karean. sada van mean vicharan kare. vedaroopi van ka ashray le, kisi bhi sthan mean ek rat ya do rat se adhik n rahean. kahian bhi asakt n hoan. sannyasi jangali phal-mool athava sookhe patte ka ahar kare. vah bhog ke liye nahian, sharir yatra ke nirvah ke liye bhojan kare. vah dharmatah ann ka bhojan kare. kamana poorvak kuchh bhi n khay. rasta chalate samay vah do hath age tak ki bhoomi par hi drishti rakhe aur ek din mean ek kos se adhik n chale. man ho ya apaman-vah donoan avasthaoan mean saman bhav se rahe. mitti ke dhele, patthar aur suvarn ko ek saman samajhe. samast praniyoan ko nirbhay kare aur sabako abhay ki dakshina de. shit-ushn adi dvandoan se nirvikar rahe, kisi ko namaskar n kare. saansarik sukh aur parigrah se door rahe. mamata aur ahankar ko tyag de. samast praniyoan mean se kisi ke bhi ashrit n rahe. vastuoan ke svaroop ke vishay mean vichar karake unake tattvajn ko jane. sada saty mean anurakt rahe. oopar, niche ya agal-bagal mean kahian kisi vastu ki kamana n kare. is prakar vidhi poorvak yati dharm ka palan karane vala sannyasi kal ke parinam vash apane sharir ko pake hue phal ki bhaanti tyagakar sanatan brahm mean pravisht ho jata hai. vah brahm niramay, anadi, anant, saumyagun se yukt, chetana se oopar utha hua, anirvachaniy, bijahin, indriyatit, ajanma, ajey, vinashi, abhedy, sookshm, nigurn, sarvashaktiman, nirvikar, bhoot, vartaman aur bhavishkal ka svami tatha parameshvar hai. vahian avyakt, arntayami purush aur kshetr bhi hai. jo use jan leta hai, vah moksh ko prapt kar leta hai. is prakar vah bhikshu ghoansala chho dakar u d jane vale pakshi ki bhaanti yahian is sharir ko tyag samast papoan ko jnanagni se dagdh kar dene ke karan nirvan-moksh prapt kar leta hai. manushy jo shubh ya ashubh karm karata hai, usaka vaisa hi phal bhogata hai. bina kiye hue karm ka phal kisi ko nahian bhogana p data hai tatha kiye hue karm ka phal bhog ke bina nasht nahian hota hai.

shubh karm ke acharan ka varnan

jo shubh karm ka acharan karata hai, use shubh phal ki prapti hoti hai aur jo ashubh karm karata hai, vah ashubh phal ka bhagi hota hai. atah jo apana kalyan chahata ho, vah shubh karmoan ka hi acharan kare. ashubh karmoan ka tyag de. aisa karane se vah shubh phaloan hi prapt kar sakega. manushy ko chahiye ki vah apani indriyoan ko vash mean karake shastroan ke jnan se sampann ho. shastr ke jnan se hi manushy ko anamay gati ki prapti ho sakati hai. sadhu purush jisaka anveshan karate haian, vah param gati shastroan mean dekhi gayi hai. jahaan pahuanchakar manushy anant duahkh ka parityag karake amaratv ko prapt kar leta hai. is dharm ka ashray lekar pap yoni mean utpann hue purush tatha striyaan, vaishh‍y aur shoodr bhi param gati ko prapt kar lete haian. phir jo vidvan brahman athava bahushrut kshatriy hai, usaki sadagati ke vishay mean kya kahana hai. jis dehadhari ke pap kshin nahian hue haian use jnan nahian hota. jab manushy ko jnan ki prapti ho jati hai, tab vah kritakrity ho jata hai. jnan ya vijnan ko prapt kar lene par bhi dosh drishti se rahit ho gurujanoan ke prati pahale jaisa hi sadbhav rakhe. athava ekagrachitt hokar pahale se bhi adhik shraddhabhav rakhe. shishy jis tarah guru ka apaman karata hai, usi prakar guru bhi shishh‍yoan ke prati bartav karata hai. arthat shishy ko apane karm anusar phal milata hai. guru ka apaman karane vale shishy ka kiya hua ved shastroan ka adhyayan vyarth ho jata hai. usaka sara jnan ajnan roop mean parinit ho jata hai. vah narak mean jane ke liye ashubh marg ko hi prapt hota hai, isamean sanshay nahian hai. usaka puny nasht ho jata hai aur jnan ajnan ho jata hai. jisane pahale kabhi kalyan ka darshan nahian kiya hai aisa manushy shastrokt vidhi ko n dekhane ke karan abhiman vash moh ko prapt ho jata hai. atah use tattva jnan ki prapti nahian hoti. at: kisi ko bhi jnan ka abhiman nahian karana chahiye. jnan ka phal hai shaanti, isaliye sada shaanti ke liye hi prayatn karean. man ka nigrah aur indriyoan ka sanyam karake sada kshamashil tatha adoshadarshi hokar gurujanoan ki seva karani chahiye. dhairy ke dvara upasth aur udar ki raksha kare. netroan ke dvara hath or pairoan ki raksha kare. man se indriyoan ke vishayoan ka bachave aur man ko buddhi mean sthapit karean. pahale shuddh aur ghire hue sthanoan mean jakar asan le, usake oopar dhairyapoorvak baithean aur shastrokt vidhi ke anusar dhyan ke liye prayatn karean. vivekayukt sadhak apane hriday mean viraj man paramatmadev ka sakshatkar kare. jaise akash mean vidyut ka prakash dekha jata hai tatha jis prakar kiranoan vale soory prakashit hote haian, usi prakar us paramatm dev ko dhoom rahit agni ki bhaanti tejasvi svaroop se prakashit dekhean. hriday desh mean viraj man un avinashi sanatan parameshvar ka buddhiroopi netroan ke dvara darshan kare. jo yog yukt nahian hai aisa purush apane hriday mean viraj man us maheshvar ka sakshatkar nahian kar sakata. yog yukt purush hi man ko hriday mean sthapit karake buddhi ke dvara us anh‍taryami paramatma ka darshan karata hai.

yadi is prakar hriday desh mean dhyan-dharan n kar sake to yathavat roop se yog se yog ka ashray le. saankhy shastr ke anusar upasana kare. is sharir mean paanch jnanendriyaan, paanch karmendriyaan, paanch bhoot aur solahavaan man- ye solah vikar haian. paanch tanmatraaian, man, ahankar aur avayakt- ye ath prakritiyaan haian. ye ath prakritiyaan aur poorvokt solah vikar- in chaubis tattvoan ka yahaan rahane vale tattvajn purush ko janana chahiye. is prakar prakriti-purush ka vivek ho jane se manushy sharir ke bandhan se oopar uthakar bhavasagar se par ho jata hai, anyatha nahian. jnanayukt buddhi vale purush ko yahi saankhy yog manana chahiye. pratidin shantachitt ho apane antahkaran ko pavitr banane aur apana hit sadhan karane ke liye isi prakar uparyukt tattvoan ka vichar karane se manushy ko yarthat tattv ka bodh ho jata hai aur vah bandhan se chhoot jata hai. shuddh tattvarth ko tattv se janane vala purush avayav rahit addhitiy brahm ho jata hai. manushy ko sada satpurushoan ke samip rahana chahiye. vidya mean badhe-chadhe़ purushoan ka sevan karana chahiye. jo jisake nikat rahata hai, usake saman varn ka ho jata hai. jaise nil pakshi meru parvat ka ashray lene se suvarn ke saman rang ka ho jata hai.

bhishm ji kahate haian -yudhishthir! shastroan ke tatpary ko janane vale mahamuni parashar is prakar charoan varnoan ke liye kartavy ka vidhan batakar tatha shushrusa aur samadhi se prapt hone vali gati ka niroopan karake ekagratti ho apane ashram ko chale gaye.

yudhishthir ka prashn

yudhishthir ne poochha- pitamah! is lok mean mahabhag devata kin mahatmaoan ko mastak jhukate haian? maian un samast rrishiyoan ka yarthat parichay sunana chahata hooan.

bhishm dvara iandr aur matali ke sanvad ka varnan

bhishm ji ne kaha- yudhishthir! is vishay mean prachin batoan ko janane vale mahajnani brahman is itihas ka varnan karate haian. tum us itihas ko suno. jab indr vritrasur ko marakar laute, us samay devata unhean age karake kh de the. maharshigan mahendr ki stuti karate the. harit vahanoan vale indr rath par baithakar uttam shobha se sampann ho rahe the usi samay matali ne hath jo dakar devaraj indr se kaha.

matali bole- bhagavan! jo sabake dvara vandit hote haian, un samast devataoan ke ap agua haian; parantu ap bhi is jagat mean jinako mastak jhukate haian, un mahatmaoan ka mujhe parichay dijiye.

bhishm ji kahate haian- rajan! matali ki vah bat sunakar shachipati devaraj indr ne uparyukt prashh‍n poochhane vale apane sarathi se is prakar kaha. indr bole- matale! dharm, arth aur kam ka chintan karate hue jinaki buddhi kabhi adharm mean nahian lagati, maian pratidin unhian ko namaskar karata hooan. matale! jo roop aur gun se sampann haian tatha yuvatiyoan ke hriday-mandir mean hathat pravesh kar jate haian arthat jinhean dekhate hi yuvatiyaan mohit ho jati haian, aise purush yadi kam-bhog se door rahate haian to maian unake charanoan mean namaskar karata hooan. matale! jo apane ko prapt hue bhogoan mean hi santusht haian- doosaroan se adhik ki ichchha nahian rakhate. jo sundar vani bolate haian aur pravachan karane mean kushal haian, jinamean ahankar aur kamana ka sarvatha abhav hai tatha jo sabase arghy pane yogy haian, unhean maian namaskar karata hooan. dhan, vidya aur eshvary jinaki buddhi ko vichalit nahian kar sakate tatha jo chanchal huee buddhi ko bhi vivek se kaboo mean kar lete haian, unaki maian nity pooja karata hooan. matale! jo priy patni yukt haian, pavitr achar vichar se rahate haian, nity agnihotr karate haian aur jinake kutumb mean chaipayoan (gau adi pashuoan) ka bhi palan hota hai, unako maian namaskar karata hooan. matale! jinaka arth aur kam dharmamoolak hokar vriddhi ko prapt hua hai tatha jisake dharm aur arth niyat haian, unako maian pranam karata hooan. dharmamoolak dhan ki kamana rakhane vale brahmanoan ko tatha gauoan aur pativrata nariyoan ko maian nity pranam karata hooan. matale! jo jivan ki poorn avastha mean manav bhogoan ka upabhog karake tapasya dvara svarg mean ate haian, unaka maian sada hi poojan karata hooan. jo bhogoan se door rahate haian, jinaki kahian bhi asakti nahian hai jo sada dharm mean tatpar rahate haian, indriyoan ka kaboo mean rakhate haian, jo sachche sannyasi haian aur parvatoan ke saman kabhi vichalit nahian hote haian, un shreshth purushoan ki maian man se pooja karata hooan. matale! jinaki vidya jnan ke karan svachchh hai, jo suprasiddh dharm ke palan ki ichchha rakhate haian tatha jinake shauchachar ki prashansa doosare log karate haian, unako maian namaskar karata hooan.

sarovar nirman se prapt phal ka varnan

yudhishthir ne kaha- bharatashreshth! sarovaroan ke banane ka jo phal hai use aj maian apake mukh se sunana chahata hooan.

bhishm ji ne kaha-rajan! jo talab banavata hai, vah purush vichitr dhatuoan se vibhooshit dhanadhyaksh kuber ke saman darshaniy hai. vah tinoan lokoan mean sarvatr poojit hota hai. talab ka sansthapan shreshth evan kirti janak hai. vah is lok aur paralok mean uttam nivas sthan hai. vah putr ka ghar tatha dhan ki vriddhi karane vala hai. manishi purushoan ne sarabaroan ko dharm, arth aur kam tinoan ka phal dene vala bataya hai. talab desh mean moortiman puny svaroop hai aur kshetr mean desh ka bhari ashray hai. maian talab ko charoan (svedaj, andaj, udabhijj, jarajayu) prakar ke praniyoan ke liye upayogi dekhata hooan. jagat mean jitane bhi sarovar haian, ve sabhi uttam sanpatti pradan karate haian. devata, manushy, gandharv, pitar, nag, rakshas tatha sthavar bhoot- ye sabhi jalashay ka ashray lete haian. atah sarovar khad vane mean jo gun haian un sabaka maian tumase varnan karooanga tatha rrishiyoan ne talab khodane se jin phaloan ki prapti batayi hai, unaka bhi parichay de raha hooan. jis sarovar mean ek varsh tak pani thaharata hai, usaka phal manishi purushoan ne agnihotr bataya hai arthat use khodane vale ko pratidin agnihotr karane ka puny prapt hota hai. jisake talab mean garmi bhar jal rahata hai, usake liye rrishiyoan ne vajapey yajn ke phal ki prapti batayi hai. jisake khodavaye hue sarovar mean sada sadhu purush tatha gauaian pani piti haian, vah apane kul ko tar deta hai.

jisake jalashay mean pyasi gauaian pani piti haian tatha trishit mrig, pakshi evan manushy apani pyas bujhate haian, vah ashh‍vamedh yajn ka phal pata hai. manushy us talab mean jo jal pite, snan karate aur tat par vishram lete haian, vah sara puny sarovar banavane vale ko paralok mean akshay hokar milata hai. shatruoan ko santap dene vale tat! jal vishesh roop se durlabh vastu hai; atah jal dan karane se shashavat siddhi prapt hoti hai. til, jal, dip, ann aur rahane ke liye ghar dan karo, tatha bandhu-bandhavoan ke sath anandit raho, kyoanki ye sab vastuaian mare huoan ke liye durlabh haian. narashreshth! jal ka dan sabhi danoan se gurutar hai. vah samast danoan se badhakar hai; atah usaka dan avashh‍y hi karana chahiye.

vriksh lagane se prapt phal

is prakar yah sarovar khodane ka uttam phal bataya gaya hai. isake bad vriksh lagane ka phal bhali prakar bataooanga. sthavar bhootoan ki chhah jatiyaan batayi gayi haian- vriksh, gulm, lata, valli, tvaksar tatha trin, viroodh- ye vrikshoan ki jatiyaan haian. inake lagane se ye-ye gun bataye gaye haian. katahal aur am adi vriksh jati ke antargat haian. mandar aur gulm koti mean mane gaye haian. nagika, maliya adi valli ke antargat haian. malati adi lataaian haian. baans aur supari adi ke pe d tvaksar jati ke antargat haian. khet mean jo ghas aur anaj ugate haian, ve sab trin jati mean antarbhoot haian. bharatanandan! vriksh lagane se manushy lok mean kirti bani rahati hai aur mrityu ke pashchath svargalok mean shubh phal ki prapti hoti hai.

vriksh lagane vala purush pitaroan dvara bhi sammanit hota hai. devalok mean jane par bhi usaka nam nahian nasht hota. vah apane bite hue poorvajoan aur ane vali santanoan ko bhi tar deta hai. atah vriksh avashh‍y lagane chahiye. jisake koee putr nahian hai, usake bhi vriksh hi putr hote haian; isamean sanshay nahian hai. vriksh lagane vala purush paralok mean jane par svarg mean akshay lokoan ko prapt hota hai. tat! vriksh apane phooloan se devataoan ka, phaloan se pitaroan ka tatha chhaya se atithiyoan ka sada poojan karate rahate haian. kinnar, nag, rakshas, dev, gandharv, manushy tatha rrishigan bhi vrikshoan ka ashray lete haian. phal aur phooloan se bhare hue vriksh is jagat mean manushyoan ko tript karate haian. jo vriksh dan karate haian, unake ve vriksh paralok mean putr ki bhaanti par utarate haian. atah kalyan ki ichchha rakhane vale purush ko sada hi sarovar ke kinare vriksh lagana chahiye. vriksh lagakar unaki putroan ki bhaanti raksha karani chahiye; kyoanki ve dharmatah putr mane gaye haian. jo talab banavata hai aur usake kinare vriksh lagata hai, jo dvij yajn ka anushthan karata hai tatha doosare jo log saty bhashan karane vale haian, ve sab-ke-sab svarg lok mean pratishthit hote haian. isalie sarovar khodave aur usake tat par bagiche bhi lagave. sada nana prakar ke yajnoan ka anushthan kareaur vidhipoorvak saty bole.

sanbandhit lekh

mahabharat anushasan parv mean ullekhit kathaean

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dan-dharm-parv
yudhishthir ki bhishm se upadesh dene ki prarthana | bhishm dvara gautami brahmani, vyadh, sarp, mrityu aur kal ke sanvad ka varnan | prajapati manu ke vansh ka varnan | agniputr sudarshan ki mrityu par vijay | vishvamitr ko brahmanatv ki prapti vishayak yudhishthir ka prashn | ajamidh ke vansh ka varnan | vishvamitr ke janm ki katha | vishvamitr ke putroan ke nam | indr aur tote ka svamibhakt evan dayalu purush ki shreshthata vishayak sanvad | daiv ki apeksha purusharth ki shreshthata ka varnan | karmoan ke phal ka varnan | shreshth brahmanoan ki mahima | brahman vishayak siyar aur vanar ke sanvad ka varnan | shoodr aur tapasvi brahman ki katha | lakshmi ke nivas karane aur n karane yogy purush, stri aur sthanoan ka varnan | bhishm ka yudhishthir se kritaghn ki gati aur prayashchit ka varnan | stri-purush ka sanyog vishayak bhangasvan ka upakhyan | bhishm ka sharir, vani aur man se hone vale papoan ke parityag ka upadesh | bhishm ka shrikrishn se mahadev ka mahatmy batane ka anurodh | shrikrishn dvara mahatma upamanyu ke ashram ka varnan | upamanyu ka shiv vishayak akhyan | upamanyu dvara mahadev ki tapasya | upamanyu dvara mahadev ki stuti | upamanyu ko mahadev ka varadan | shrikrishn ko shiv-parvati ka darshan | shiv aur parvati ka shrikrishn ko varadan | mahatma tandi dvara mahadev ki stuti aur prarthana | mahatma tandi ko mahadev ka varadan | upamanyu dvara shivasahasranamastotr ka varnan | shivasahasranamastotr path ka phal | rrishiyoan ka shiv ki kripa vishayak apane-apane anubhav sunana | shrikrishn dvara shiv ki mahima ka varnan | ashtavakr muni ka uttar disha ki or prasthan | kuber dvara ashtavakr ka svagat-satkar | ashtavakr ka striroopadharini uttar disha ke sath sanvad | ashtavakr ka vadany rrishi ki kanya se vivah | yudhishthir ke vividh dharmayukt prashnoan ka uttar | shraddh aur dan ke uttam patroan ka lakshan | devata aur pitaroan ke kary mean amantran dene yogy patroan ka varnan | narakagami aur svargagami manushyoan ke lakshanoan ka varnan | brahmahatya ke saman papoan ka niroopan | vibhinn tirthoan ke mahatmay ka varnan | gangaji ke mahatmy ka varnan | brahmanatv hetu tapasyarat matang ki indr se batachit | indr dvara matang ko samajhana | matang ki tapasya aur indr ka use varadan | vitahavy ke putroan se kashi nareshoan ka yuddh | pratardan dvara vitahavy ke putroan ka vadh | vitahavy ko brahmanatv prapti ki katha | narad dvara poojaniy purushoan ke lakshan | narad dvara poojaniy purushoan ke adar-satkar se hone vale labh ka varnan | vrishadarbh dvara sharanagat kapot ki raksha | vrishadarbh ko puny ke prabhav se akshayalok ki prapti | bhishm dvara yoodhishthir se brahman ke mahattv ka varnan | bhishm dvara shreshth brahmanoan ki prashansa | brahma dvara brahmanoan ki mahatta ka varnan | brahman prashansa vishayak indr aur shambarasur ka sanvad | danapatr ki pariksha | panchachoo da apsara ka narad se stri doshoan ka varnan | yudhishthir ke striyoan ki raksha ke vishay mean prashn | bhriguvanshi vipul dvara yogabal se gurupatni ki raksha | vipul ka devaraj indr se gurupatni ko bachana | vipul ko guru devasharma se varadan ki prapti | vipul ko divy pushp ki prapti aur champa nagari ko prasthan | vipul ka apane dvara kiye gaye dushkarm ka smaran karana | devasharma ka vipul ko nirdosh batakar samajhana | bhishm ka yudhishthir ko striyoan ki raksha hetu adesh | kanya vivah ke sambandh mean patr vishayak vibhinn vichar | kanya ke vivah tatha kanya aur dauhitr adi ke uttaradhikar ka vichar | striyoan ke vastrabhooshanoan se satkar karane ki avashyakata ka pratipadan | brahman adi varnoan ki dayabhag vidhi ka varnan | varnasankar santanoan ki utpatti ka vistar se varnan | nana prakar ke putroan ka varnan | gauoan ki mahima ke prasang mean chyavan muni ke upakhyan ka prarambh | chyavan muni ka matsyoan ke sath jal mean phansana | nahush ka ek gau ke mol par chyavan muni ko kharidana | chyavan muni dvara gauoan ka mahatmy kathan | chyavan muni dvara matsyoan aur mallahoan ki sadgati | raja kushik aur unaki rani dvara maharshi chyavan ki seva | chyavan muni dvara raja kushik aur unaki rani ke dhairy ki pariksha | chyavan muni ka raja kushik aur unaki rani ki seva se prasann hona | chyavan muni ke prabhav se raja kushik aur unaki rani ko ashcharyamay drishyoan ka darshan | chyavan muni ka raja kushik se var maangane ke lie kahana | chyavan muni ka raja kushik ke yahaan apane nivas ka karan batana | chyavan muni dvara raja kushik ko varadan | chyavan muni dvara bhriguvanshi aur kushikavanshiyoan ke sambandh ka karan batana | vividh prakar ke tap aur danoan ka phal | jalashay banane tatha bagiche lagane ka phal | bhishm dvara uttam dan tatha uttam brahmanoan ki prashansa | bhishm dvara uttam brahmanoan ke satkar ka upadesh | shreshth, ayachak, dharmatma, nirdhan aur gunavan ko dan dene ka vishesh phal | raja ke lie yajn, dan aur brahman adi praja ki raksha ka upadesh | bhoomidan ka mahattv | bhoomidan vishayak indr aur brihaspati ka sanvad | ann dan ka vishesh mahatmy | vibhinn nakshatroan ke yog mean bhinn-bhinn vastuoan ke dan ka mahatmy | suvarn aur jal adi vibhinn vastuoan ke dan ki mahima | joota, shakat, til, bhoomi, gau aur ann ke dan ka mahatmy | ann aur jal ke dan ki mahima | til, jal, dip tatha ratn adi ke dan ka mahatmy | godan ki mahima | gauoan aur brahmanoan ki raksha se puny ki prapti | raja nrig ka upakhyan | pita ke shap se nachiketa ka yamaraj ke pas jana | yamaraj ka nachiketa se godan ki mahima ka varnan | golok tatha godan vishayak yudhishthir aur indr ke prashn | brahma ka indr ko golok ki mahima batana | brahma ka indr ko godan ki mahima batana | doosare ki gay ko churane aur bechane ke dosh tatha gohatya ke parinam | godan evan svarn dakshina ka mahatmy | vrat, niyam, brahmachary, mata-pita aur guru adi ki seva ka mahattv | godan ki vidhi aur gauoan se prarthana | godan karane vale nareshoan ke nam | kapila gauoan ki utpatti | kapila gauoan ki mahima ka varnan | vasishth ka saudas ko godan ki vidhi aur mahima batana | gauoan ko tapasya dvara abhisht var ki prapti | vibhinn gauoan ke dan se vibhinn uttam lokoan ki prapti | gauoan tatha godan ki mahima | vyas ka shukadev se gauoan ki mahatta ka varnan | vyas dvara golok ki mahima ka varnan | vyas dvara godan ki mahima ka varnan | lakshmi aur gauoan ka sanvad | gauoan dvara lakshmi ko gobar aur gomootr mean sthan dena | brahma ka indr ko golok aur gauoan ka utkarsh batana | brahma ka gauoan ko varadan dena | bhishm ka pita shantanu ko kush par pind dena | suvarn ki utpatti aur usake dan ki mahima | parvati ka devataoan ko shap | tarakasur ke bhay se devataoan ka brahma ki sharan mean jana | brahma ka devataoan ko ashvasan | devataoan dvara agni ki khoj | ganga ka shivatej ko dharan karana aur phir meruparvat par chho dana | kartikey aur suvarn ki utpatti | mahadev ke yajn mean agni se prajapatiyoan aur suvarn ki utpatti | kartikey ki utpatti aur unaka palan-poshan | kartikey ka devasenapati pad par abhishek aur tarakasur ka vadh | vividh tithiyoan mean shraddh karane ka phal | shraddh mean pitaroan ke tripti vishay ka varnan | vibhinn nakshatroan mean shraddh karane ka phal | panktidooshak brahmanoan ka varnan | panktipavan brahmanoan ka varnan | shraddh mean moorkh brahman ki apeksha vedavetta ko bhojan karane ki shreshthata | nimi ka putr ke nimitt pindadan | shraddh ke vishay mean nimi ko atri ka upadesh | vishvedevoan ke nam tatha shraddh mean tyajy vastuoan ka varnan | pitar aur devataoan ka shraddhann se ajirn hokar brahma ke pas jana | shraddh se tript hue pitaroan ka ashirvad | bhishm ka yudhishthir ko grihasth ke dharmoan ka rahasy batana | vrishadarbhi tatha saptarshiyoan ki katha | bhikshuroopadhari indr dvara kritya ka vadh tatha saptarshiyoan ki raksha | indr dvara kamaloan ki chori tatha dharmapalan ka sanket | agasty ke kamaloan ki chori tatha brahmarshiyoan aur rajarshiyoan ki dharmopadeshapoorn shapath | indr ka churaye hue kamaloan ko vapas dena | soory ki prachand dhoop se renuka ke mastak aur pairoan ka santapt hona | jamadagni ka soory par kupit hona | chhatr aur upanah ki utpatti evan dan ki prashansa | grihasthadharm tatha panchayajn vishayak prithvidevi aur shrikrishn ka sanvad | tapasvi suvarn aur manu ka sanvad | nahush ka rrishiyoan par atyachar | maharshi bhrigu aur agasty ka vartalap | nahush ka patan | shatakratu ka indrapad par abhishek tatha dipadan ki mahima | brahman ke dhan ka apaharan vishayak kshatriy aur chaandal ka sanvad | brahmasv ki raksha mean pranotsarg se chaandal ko moksh ki prapti | dhritarashtraroopadhari indr aur gautam brahman ka sanvad | brahma aur bhagirath ka sanvad | ayu ki vriddhi aur kshay karane vale shubhashubh karmoan ka varnan | grihasthashram ke kartavyoan ka vistarapoorvak niroopan | b de aur chhote bhaee ke parasparik bartav ka varnan | mata-pita, achary adi gurujanoan ke gaurav ka varnan | mas, paksh evan tithi sambandhi vibhinn vratopavas ke phal ka varnan | daridroan ke lie yajnatuly phal dene vale upavas-vrat tatha usake phal ka varnan | manas tatha parthiv tirth ki mahatta | dvadashi tithi ko upavas tatha vishnu ki pooja ka mahatmy | margashirsh mas mean chandr vrat karane ka pratipadan | brihaspati aur yudhishthir ka sanvad | vibhinn papoan ke phalasvaroop narakadi ki prapti evan tiryagyoniyoan mean janm lene ka varnan | pap se chhootane ke upay tatha annadan ki vishesh mahima | brihaspati ka yudhishthir ko ahiansa evan dharm ki mahima batana | hiansa aur maansabhakshan ki ghor ninda | mady aur maans bhakshan ke dosh tatha unake tyag ki mahima | maans n khane se labh tatha ahiansadharm ki prashansa | dvaipayan vyas aur ek ki de ka vrittant | ki de ka kshatriy yoni mean janm tatha vyasaji ka darshan | ki de ka brahman yoni mean janm tatha sanatanabrahm ki prapti | dan ki prashansa aur karm ka rahasy | vidvan evan sadachari brahman ko annadan ki prashansa | tap ki prashansa tatha grihasth ke uttam kartavy ka nirdesh | pativrata striyoan ke kartavy ka varnan | narad ka pundarik ko bhagavan narayan ki aradhana ka upadesh | brahman aur rakshas ka samagun vishayak vrittant | shraddh ke vishay mean devadoot aur pitaroan ka sanvad | papoan se chhootane ke vishay mean maharshi vidyutprabh aur indr ka sanvad | dharm ke vishay mean indr aur brihaspati ka sanvad | vrishotsarg adi ke vishay mean devataoan, rrishiyoan aur pitaroan ka sanvad | vishnu, devagan, vishvamitr aur brahma adi dvara dharm ke goodh rahasy ka varnan | agni, lakshmi, aangira, gargy, dhaumy tatha jamadagni dvara dharm ke goodh rahasy ka varnan | vayu dvara dharmadharm ke rahasy ka varnan | lomash dvara dharm ke rahasy ka varnan | arundhati, dharmaraj aur chitragupt dvara dharm sambandhi rahasy ka varnan | pramathaganoan dvara dharmadharm sambandhi rahasy ka kathan | diggajoan ka dharm sambandhi rahasy evan prabhav | mahadev ji ka dharm sambandhi rahasy ka varnan | skandadev ka dharm sambandhi rahasy ka varnan | bhagavan vishnu aur bhishm dvara dharm sambandhi rahasyoan ke mahatmy ka varnan | jinaka ann grahan karane yogy hai aur jinaka grahan karane yogy nahian hai, un manushyoan ka varnan | dan lene aur anuchit bhojan karane ka prayashchit | dan se svargalok mean jane vale rajaoan ka varnan | paanch prakar ke danoan ka varnan | tapasvi shrikrishn ke pas rrishiyoan ka ana | rrishiyoan ka shrikrishn ka prabhav dekhana aur unase vartalap karana | narad dvara himalay par shiv ki shobha ka vistrit varnan | shiv ke tisare netr se himalay ka bhasm hona | shiv-parvati ke dharm-vishayak sanvad ki utthapana | varnashram sambandhi achar | pravritti-nivrittiroop dharm ka niroopan | vanaprasth dharm tatha usake palan ki vidhi aur mahima | brahmanadi varnoan ki prapti mean shubhashubh karmoan ki pradhanata ka varnan | bandhan mukti, svarg, narak evan dirghayu aur alpayu pradan karane vale karmoan ka varnan | svarg aur narak prapt karane vale karmoan ka varnan | uttam aur adham kul mean janm dilane vale karmoan ka varnan | manushy ko buddhiman, mandabuddhi tatha napuansak banane vale karmoan ka varnan | rajadharm ka varnan | yoddhaoan ke dharm ka varnan | ranayajn mean pranotsarg ki mahima | sankshep se rajadharm ka varnan | ahiansa aur indriy sanyam ki prashansa | daiv ki pradhanata | trivarg ka niroopan | kalyanakari achar-vyavahar ka varnan | vividh prakar ke karmaphaloan ka varnan | andhatv aur pangutv adi doshoan aur rogoan ke karanabhoot dushkarmoan ka varnan | uma-maheshvar sanvad mean mahattvapoorn vishayoan ka vivechan | praniyoan ke char bhedoan ka niroopan | poorvajanm ki smriti ka rahasy | marakar phir lautane mean karan svapnadarshan | daiv aur purusharth tatha punarjanm ka vivechan | yamalok tatha vahaan ke margoan ka varnan | papiyoan ki narakayatanaoan ka varnan | karmanusar vibhinn yoniyoan mean papiyoan ke janm ka ullekh | shubhashubh adi tin prakar ke karmoan ka svaroop aur unake phal ka varnan | madyasevan ke doshoan ka varnan | puny ke vidhan ka varnan | vrat dharan karane se shubh phal ki prapti | shauchachar ka varnan | ahar shuddhi ka varnan | maansabhakshan se dosh tatha maans n khane se labh | gurupooja ka mahattv | upavas ki vidhi | tirthasthan ki vidhi | sarvasadharan dravy ke dan se puny | ann, suvarn aur gaudan ka mahatmy | bhoomidan ke mahattv ka varnan | kanya aur vidyadan ka mahatmy | til ka dan aur usake phal ka mahatmy | nana prakar ke danoan ka phal | laukik-vaidik yajn tatha devataoan ki pooja ka niroopan | shraddhavidhan adi ka varnan | dan ke paanch phal | ashubhadan se bhi shubh phal ki prapti | nana prakar ke dharm aur unake phaloan ka pratipadan | shubh aur ashubh gati ka nishchay karane vale lakshanoan ka varnan | mrityu ke bhed | kartavyapalanapoorvak shariratyag ka mahan phal | kam, krodh adi dvara dehatyag karane se narak ki prapti | mokshadharm ki shreshthata ka pratipadan | mokshasadhak jnan ki prapti ka upay | moksh ki prapti mean vairagy ki pradhanata | saankhyajnan ka pratipadan | avyaktadi chaubis tattvoan ki utpatti adi ka varnan | yogadharm ka pratipadanapoorvak usake phal ka varnan | pashupat yog ka varnan | shivaliang-poojan ka mahatmy | parvati ke dvara stri-dharm ka varnan | vansh parampara ka kathan aur shrikrishn ke mahatmy ka varnan | shrikrishn ki mahima ka varnan aur bhishm ka yudhishthir ko rajy karane ka adesh | shrivishnusahasranamastotramh | japane yogy mantr aur sabere-sham kirtan karane yogy devata | rrishiyoan aur rajaoan ke mangalamay namoan ka kirtan-mahatmy | gayatri mantr ka phal | brahmanoan ki mahima ka varnan | kartaviry arjun ko varadan prapti aur unamean abhiman ki utpatti ka varnan | brahmanoan ki mahima vishayak kartaviy arjun aur vayu devata ka sanvad | vayu dvara udaharan sahit brahmanoan ki mahatta ka varnan | brahmanashiromani utathy ke prabhav ka varnan | brahmarshi agasty aur vasishth ke prabhav ka varnan | atri aur chyavan rrishi ke prabhav ka varnan | kap danavoan ka svargalok par adhikar | brahmanoan dvara kap danavoan ko bhasm karana | bhishm dvara shrikrishn ki mahima ka varnan | shrikrishn ka pradyumn ko brahmanoan ki mahima batana | shrikrishn dvara durvasa ke charitr ka varnan karana | shrikrishn dvara bhagavan shankar ke mahatmy ka varnan | bhagavan shankar ke mahatmy ka varnan | dharm ke vishay mean agam-praman ki shreshthata | bhishm dvara dharmadharm ke phal ka varnan | sadhu-asadhu ke lakshan tatha shishtachar ka niroopan | yudhishthir ka vidya, bal aur buddhi ki apeksha bhagy ki pradhanata batana | bhishm ka shubhashubh karmoan ko hi sukh-du:kh ki prapti ka karan batana | nityasmaraniy devata, nadi, parvat, rrishi aur rajaoan ke nam-kirtan ka mahatmy | bhishm ki anumati se yudhishthir ka saparivar hastinapur prasthan
bhishmasvargarohan parv
bhishm ke antyeshti sanskar ki samagri lekar yudhishthir adi ka agaman | bhishm ka dhritarashtr aur yudhishthir ko kartavy ka upadesh dena | bhishm ka shrikrishn adi se dehatyag ki anumati lena | bhishm ka pranatyag | dhritarashtr dvara bhishm ka dah sanskar | ganga ka bhishm ke lie shok prakat karana aur shrikrishn ka unhean samajhana