gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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satavaan prakaran
isaliye yah bat samanyatah sabhi deshoan ke granthoan mean paee jati hai ki, jis samay jo samany siddhant ya vyapak tattv samaj mean prachalit rahata hai, usake adhar par hi kisi granth ke vishay ka pratipadan kiya jata hai. aj kal kapil saankhyashastr ka abhyas prayah lupt hi ho gaya hai, isaliye hi ukt prastavana likhi gee hai. ab ham dekheange ki is shastr ke mukhy siddhant kaun se haian. saankhyashastr ka pahala siddhant yah hai ki, is sansar mean nee vastu koee bhi utpanhn nahian hoti; kyoanki, shoony se arthat jo pahale tha hi nahian usase shoony ko chho d aur kuchh bhi prapt ho nahian sakata. isaliye yah bat sada dhyan mean rakhani chahiye ki utpann huee vastu mean arthat kary mean jo gun dekh p date haian ve gun, jisase yah vastu utpann huee hai usamean, (arthat karan) mean sookshm riti se to avashy hone hi chahiye. [1]. bauddh aur kanad yah manate haian ki, ek padarth ka nash ho kar usase doosara naya padarth banata hai; udaharanarth, bij ka nash hone ke bad usase aankur aur aankur ka nash hone ke bad usase pe d hota hai. parantu saankhyashastrajnoan aur vedantiyoan ko yah mat pasand nahian hai. ve kahate hai ki vriksh ke bij mean jo ‘dravy’ hai unaka nash nahian hota; kintu vahi dravy jamin se aur vayu se doosare dravyoan ko khianch liya karate haian; aur isi karan se bij ko aankur ka naya shvaroop ya avastha prapt ho jata hai[2]. isi prakar jab lak di jalati hai tab usake hi rakh ya dhuaan adi, roopantar ho jate haian; lak di ke mool ‘dravyoan’ ka nash hokar dhuaan namak koee naya padarth utpann nahian hota. chhaandogyopanishad [3] mean kaha hai ‘‘kathamasatah sajjayet’’- jo hai hi nahian usase, jo hai vah, kaise prapt ho sakata hai? jagat ke mool karan ke liye ‘asat’ shabd ka upayog kabhi kabhi upanishadoan mean kiya gaya hai[4] parantu yahaan ‘asat’ ka arth ‘abhav=nahian ’ nahian hai. vedaantasootroan[5] mean yah nishchay kiya gaya hai ki, ‘asat’ shabd se keval namaroopathmak vyakt svaroop ya avastha ka abhav hi vivakshit hai. doodh se hi dahi banata hai, pani se nahi; tilli se hi tel nikalata hai, baloo se nahi; ityadi pratyaksh dekhe hue anubhavoan se bhi yahi siddhant pragat hota hai. yadi ham yah man lean ki ‘karan’ mean jo gun nahian haian ve ‘kary’ mean svatantr riti se utpann hote haian; to phir ham isaka karan nahian batala sakate ki pani se dahi kyoan nahian banata. saraansh yah hai ki, jo mool mean hai hi nahian usase, abhi jo astitv mean hai vah, utpann nahian ho sakata. isaliye saankhy-vadiyoan ne yah siddhant nikala hai ki, kisi kary ke vartaman dravyaansh aur gun moolakaran mean bhi kisi n kisi roop se rahate hi haian. isi siddhant ko ‘satkaryavad’ kahate haian. |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
| prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj