महाभारत भीष्म पर्व अध्याय 28 श्लोक 1-8

ashh‍taviansh (28) adhyay: bhishm parv (shrimadbhagavadgita parv)

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mahabharat: bhishm parv: ashh‍taviansh adhyay: shlok 1-8 ka hindi anuvad

sagun bhagavanh ke prabhav, nishh‍kam karmayog tatha yogi mahatma purushoan ke acharan aur unaki mahima ka varnan karate hue vividh yajnoan evan jnan ki mahima ka varnan

shrimadbhagavadgita a‍dhyay 4


sambandh- gita ke tisare adhh‍yay ke chauthe shh‍lok se lekar untisavean shh‍lok tak bhagavanh ne bahut prakar se vihit karmoan ke acharan ki avashh‍yakata ka pratipadan karake tisavean shh‍lok mean arjun ko bhaktipradhan karmayog ki‍ vidhi se mamata, asakti aur kamana ka sarvatha tyag karake bhagavadarpanabuddhi se karm karane ki ajna di. usake bad ikatisavean paiantisavean shh‍lok tak us siddhant ke anusar karm karane valoan ki prashansa aur n karane valoan ki ninda karake rag-dvesh ke vash mean n hone ke liye kahate hue sh‍vadharmapalan par jor diya. phir chhattisavean shlok mean arjun ke poochhane par saiantisavean adhh‍yay-samaptiparyant kam ko sare anarthoan ka hetu batalakar buddhi ke dvara indriyoan aur man ko vash mean karake use marane ki ajna di; parantu karmayog ka tatth‍v b da hi gahan hai, isaliye ab bhagavanh pun: usake sanbandh mean bahut-si batean batalane ke uddeshh‍y se usi ka prakaran aramh‍bh karate hue pahale tin shlokoan mean us karmayog ki paramh‍para batalakar usaki anadita siddh karate hue prashansa karate haian- shribhagavanh bole-maianne is vinashi yog ko soory se kaha tha, soory ne apane putr vaivash‍vat manu se kaha aur manu ne apane putr raja ikshvaku se kaha.

he parantap arjun! is prakar paramh‍para se praph‍t is yog[1] ko rajarshiyoan ne jana; kiantu usake bad vah yog bahut kal se is prithh‍vi lok mean luph‍tapray ho gaya.[2] too mera bhakh‍t aur priy sakha hai, isaliye vahi yah puratanayog aj maianne tujhako kaha hai; kh‍yoanki yah b da hi uttam rahash‍y hai arthath guph‍t rakhane yogh‍y vishay hai.[3] arjun bole- apaka janh‍m to arvachin-abhi hal ka hai aur soory ka janh‍m bahut purana hai arthath kalh‍p ke adi mean ho chuka tha; tab maian is bat ko kaise samajhooan ki ap hi ne kalh‍p ke adi mean soory se yah yog kaha tha?

shribhagavanh bole- he parantap arjun! mere aur tere bahut-se janh‍m ho chuke haian.[4] un sabako too nahian janata, kiantu maian janata hooan. sanbandh- bhagavanh ke mukh se yah bat sunakar ki a‍b tak mere bahut-se janh‍m ho chuke haian, yah janane ki ichh‍chha hoti hai ki apaka janh‍m kis prakar hota hai aur apake janh‍m mean tatha anh‍y logoan ki janh‍m mean kh‍ya bhed hai. atev is bat ko samajhane ke liye bhagavanh apane janh‍m ka tatth‍v batalate haian- maian ajanh‍ma aur avinashish‍varoop hote hue bhi tatha samash‍t praniyoan ka eeshvar hote hue bhi apani prakritti ko adhin karake apani yogamaya se prakat hota hooan.[5] sanbandh-is prakar bhagavanh ke mukh se unake janh‍m ka tatth‍v sunane par yah jijnasa hoti hai ki ap kis-kis samay aur bhagavanh do shlokoan mean apane avatar ke avasar, hetu aur uddeshh‍y batalate haian- he bharat! jab-jab dharm ki hani aur adharm ki vriddhi hoti hai[6] tab-tab hi maian apane roop ko rachata hooan arthath sakararoop se logoan ke samh‍mukh prakat hota hooan.

sadhu[7] purushoan ka uddhar karane ke liye, pap-karm[8] karane-valoan ka vinash karane ke liye aur dharm ki achh‍chhi tarah se sh‍thapana karane ke liye[9] maian yug-yug mean prakat hua karata hooan.[10]

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tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. gita ke doosare adhh‍yay ke unh‍chalisavean shlok mean karmayog ka varnan aramh‍bh karane ki pratijna karake bhagavanh ne us adhh‍yay ke aant tak karmayog ka hi bhalibhaanti pratipad kiya. usake bad bhi tisare adhh‍yay ke aant tak pray: karmayog ka hi aang prath‍yangosahit pratipadan kiya gaya. isake siva is yog ki paramh‍para batalate hue bhagavanh ne yahaan jin ‘soory’ aur ‘manu’ adi ke nam ginaye haian, ve sabhi grihash‍th aur karmayogi hi hai. isase bhi yahaan ‘yogamh’ pad ko karmayog ka hi vachak manana upayukh‍t maloom hota hai.
  2. paramath‍ma ki prapti ke sadhanaroop karmayog, jnanayog, bhaktiyog adi jitane bhi sadhan haian-sabhi nith‍y haian; inaka kabhi abhav nahian hota. jab parameshvaranith‍y haian, tab unaki prapti ke liye unh‍hian ke dvara nishchit kiye hue anadi niyam anith‍y nahian ho sakate. jab-jab jagath ka pradurbhav hota hai, tab-tab bhagavanh ke samash‍t niyam bhi sath-hi-sath prakat ho jate haian aur jab jagath ka pralay hota hai, us samay niyamoan ka bhi tirobhav ho jata hai; parantu unaka abhav kabhi nahian hota. is prakar is karmayog ki anadita siddh karane ke liye poorvashlok mean use avinashi kaha gaya hai. atev is shlok mean jo yah bat kahi gayi ki vah yog bahut kal se nashh‍t ho gaya hai- isaka yahi abhipray samajhana cha‍hiye ki bahut samay se is prithh‍vi lok mean usaka tatth‍v samajhane vale shreshh‍th purushoan ka abhav-sa ho gaya hai, is karan vah aprakashit ho gaya hai, usaka is lok mean tirobhav ho gaya hai; yah nahian ki usaka abhav ho gaya hai.
  3. is kathan se bhagavanh ne yah bhav dikhalaya hai ki yah yog sab prakar ke du:khoan se aur bandhanoan se chhu dakar paramanandash‍varoop mujh parameshvar ko sugamatapoorvak praph‍t kara dene vala hai, isaliye ath‍yant hi uttam or bahut hi gopaniy hai; isake siva isaka yah bhav bhi hai ki apane ko sooryadi ke prati is yog ka upadesh karane vala batalakar aur vahi yog maianne tujhase kaha hai, too mera bhakt hai- yah kahakar maianne jo apana eeshvar bhav prakat kiya hai, yah b de rahash‍y ki bat hai.
  4. yahaan bhagavanh ne yah bhav dikhalaya hai ki maian aur tum abhi hue haian, pahale nahian the- aisi bat nahian hai. ham log anadi aur nith‍y haian. mera nith‍y sh‍varoop to hai hi; usake atirikh‍t maian anek roopoan mean pahale prakat ho chuka hooan. isaliye maianne jo yah bat kahi hai ki yah yog pahale soory se maianne hi kaha tha, isaka yahi abhipray samajhana chahiye ki kalh‍p ke adi mean maianne narayan roop se soory ko yah yog kaha tha.
  5. isase bhagavanh ne yah dikhalaya hai ki yadyapi maian ajanh‍ma aur avinashi hooan-vash‍tav mean mera janh‍m aur vinash kabhi nahian hota hai, to bhi maian sadharan vh‍yakti ki bhaanti janh‍mata aur vinashh‍t hota-sa pr‍tit hota hooan; isi tarah samash‍t praniyoan ka eeshvar hote hue bhi ek sadharan vh‍yakti-sa hi pratit hota hooan. abhipray yah hai ki mere avatar-tattv ko n samajhane vale log jab maian math‍sh‍y, kachh‍chhap, varah aur manushh‍yadi roop mean prakat hota hooan, tab mera janh‍m hua manate hai aur jab maian aantardhan ho jata hooan, us samay mera vinash samajh lete haian tatha jab maian us roop mean divh‍y lila karata hooan, tab mujhe apane jaisa hi sadharan vh‍yakti samajhakar mera tirash‍kar karate haian. (gita 1.11) ve bechare is bat ko nahian samajh pate ki ye sarvashaktimanh, sarveshvar, nith‍y-shuddh-buddh-mukh‍t–sh‍vabhav sakshath poornabrahm paramath‍ma hi jagath ka kalh‍yan karane ke liye is roop mean prakat hokar divh‍y lila kar rahe haian; kh‍yoanki maian us samay apani yogamaya ke parade mean chhipa rahata hooan. (gita 7.25)
  6. rrishikalp, dharmik, eeshvarapremi, sadachari purushoan tatha niraparadhi, nirbal praniyoan par balavanh aur durachari manushh‍yoan ka ath‍yachar badh jana tatha usake karan logoan mean sadgunoan aur sadachar ka ath‍yant hras hokar durgun aur durachar ka adhik phail jana hi dharm ki hani aur adharm ki vriddhi ka sh‍varoop hai.
  7. jo purush ahiansa, sath‍y, ash‍tey, brahmachary adi samash‍t samanh‍y dharmoan ka tatha yajn, dan, tap evan adhh‍yapan, prajapalan adi apane-apane varnashram-dharmoan ka bhalibhaanti palan karate haian; doosaroan ka hit karana hi jinaka sh‍vabhav hai; jo sadgunoan ke bhanh‍dar aur sadachari haian tatha shraddha aur premapoorvak bhagavanh ke nam, roop, gun, prabhav, liladi ke shravan, kirtan, sh‍maran adi karane vale bhakt haian- unaka vachak yahaan 'sadhu' shabh‍d hai.
  8. jo manushh‍y niraparadh, sadachari or bhagavanh ke bhaktoan par ath‍yachar karane vale haian, jo jhooth, kapat, chori, vh‍yabhichar adi durgun aur duracharoan ke bhanh‍dar haian, jo nana prakar se anh‍yay karake dhan ka sangrah karane vale tatha nastik hai; bhagavanh aur ved-shastroan ka virodh karana hi jinaka sh‍vabhav ho gaya hai- aise asur sh‍vabhav vale dushh‍t purushoan ka vachak yahaan ‘drishh‍kritamh’ pad hai.
  9. sh‍vayan shash‍tranukool acharan kar, vibhinh‍n prakar se dharm ka mahatth‍v dikhalakar aur logoan ke hriday mean pravesh karane vali apritim prabhavashalini vani ke dvara upadesh-adesh dekar sabake aantakaran mean ved, shastr, paralok, mahapurush aur bhagavanh par shraddha uth‍panh‍n kar dena tatha sadgunoan mean aur sadacharoan mean vishvas tatha prem uth‍panh‍n karavakar logoan mean in sabako dridhatapoorvak bhalibhaanti dharan kara dena adi sabhi batean dharm ki sh‍thapana ke aantargat haian.
  10. yadyapi bhavaganh bina hi avatar liye anayas hi sab kuchh kar sakate haian aur karate bhi hai hi; kiantu logoan par vishesh daya karake apane darshan, sh‍parsh aur bhashanadi ke dvara sugamata se logoan ko uddhar ka suavasar dene ke liye evan apane premi bhaktoan ka apani divh‍y liladi ka ash‍vadan karane ke liye bhagavanh sakararoop se prakat hote haian. un avataroan mean dharan kiye hue roop ka tatha unake gun, prabhav, nam, mahath‍mh‍y aur divh‍y karmoan ka shravan, kirtan aur sh‍maran karake log sahaj hi sansar-samudr se par ho sakate haian. yah kam bina avatar ke nahian ho sakata.

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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