पद्माकर

• padmakar bhatt riti kal ke kaviyoan mean inhean bahut shreshth sthan prapt hai. sarvapriy kavi is kal ke bhitar bihari ko chho d doosara nahian hua hai. inaki rachana ki ramaniyata hi is sarvapriyata ka ekamatr karan hai. ritikal ki kavita inaki vani dvara apane poorn utkarsh ko pahuanchakar phir vikasonmukh huee. at: jis prakar ye apani paranpara ke paramotkrisht kavi haian usi prakar prasiddhi mean aantim bhi. desh mean jitana inaka nam prasiddh hua vaisa phir age chalakar kisi aur kavi ka nahian hua.
• padmakar 'tailang' brahman the. inake pita 'mohanalal bhatt' ka janm baanda mean hua tha. ye poorn pandit aur achchhe kavi bhi the, jisake karan inaka kee rajadhaniyoan mean achchha samman hua tha. ye kuchh samay tak nagapur ke 'maharaj raghunath rav (appa sahab)' ke yahaan rahe, phir panna ke 'maharaj hiandoopati' ke guru hue aur kee gaanv prapt kie. vahaan se ve phir jayapur naresh 'maharaja pratapasianh' ke yahaan ja kar rahe jahaan inhean kaviraj shiromani ki padavi aur achchhi jagir mili. unhian ke putr suprasiddh padmakar hue.
• padmakar ka janm sanvat 1810 mean baanda mean hua. inhoanne 80 varsh ki ayu bhogakar aant mean kanapur ganga tat par sanvat 1890 mean sharir chho da. ye kee sthanoan par rahe. sugara ke arjunasianh ne inhean apana mantr guru banaya. sanvat 1849 mean ye 'gosaeean anoopagiri upanam himmatabahadur' ke yahaan ge jo b de achchhe yodhda the aur pahale baanda ke navab ke yahaan the, phir avadh badashah ke yahaan sena ke b de adhikari hue the.
• inake nam par padmakar ne 'himmatabahadur virudavali' nam ki ek vir ras ki pustak likhi.
• sanvat 1856 mean ye satara ke 'maharaj raghunath rav (prasiddh raghova)' ke yahaan ge aur ek hathi, ek lakh rupaya aur das gaanv pae. isake bad padmakar jayapur ke maharaj pratapasianh ke yahaan pahuanche aur vahaan bahut dinoan tak rahe. maharaj pratapasianh ke putr maharaj jagatasianh ke samay mean bhi ye bahut kal tak jayapur rahe aur unhian ke nam par apana prasiddh granth 'jagadvinod' banaya.
• jayapur mean hi inhoanne apana alankar granth 'padmabharan' banaya jo dohoan mean hai. ye ek bar udayapur ke 'maharaja bhimasianh' ke darabar mean bhi ge the jahaan inaka bahut achchha samman hua tha. maharana sahab ki ajna se inhoanne 'ganagaur' ke mele ka varnan kiya tha.
• maharaj jagatasianh ka paralokavas sanvat 1860 mean hua. at: usake anantar ye gvaliyar ke 'maharaj daulat rav siandhiya' ke darabar mean ge aur yah kavitt padha -

minagadh banbee sumand mandaraj bang,
bandar ko band kari bandar basavaigo.
kahai padamakar kasaki kasamir hoo ko,
pianjar soan gheri ke kalianjar chhu davaigo.
baanka nrip daulat alija maharaj kabauan,
saji dal pakari phirangin dabavaigo.
dilli dahapatti, patana hoo ko jhapatt kari,
kabahooank latta kalakatta ko u davaigo.

• siandhiya ke darabar mean bhi inaka achchha man hua. kahate haian ki vahaan saradar ooda ji ke anurodh se inhoanne 'hitopadesh' ka bhashanuvad kiya tha. gvaliyar se ye booandi ge aur vahaan se phir apane ghar baanda mean a rahe. aantim dinoan mean padmakar rogagrast raha karate the. usi samay inhoanne 'prabodhapachasa' namak virag aur bhaktiras se poorn granth banaya. aantim samay nikat jan padmakaraji ganga tat ke vichar se kanapur chale ae aur vahian apane jivan ke shesh sat varsh poore kie. apani prasiddh 'gangalahari' inhoanne isi samay ke bich banaee thi.
• 'ramarasayan' namak valmiki ramayan ka adhar lekar likha hua ek charitakavy bhi inaka dohe chaupaiyoan mean hai par usamean inhean saphalata prapt nahian huee. sanbhav hai vah granth inaka n ho.
• matiram ji ke 'rasaraj' ke saman padmakar ka 'jagadvinod' bhi kavyarasikoan aur abhyasiyoan donoan ka kanthahar raha hai. vastav mean yah shrriangar ras ka saragranth pratit hota hai. inaki madhur kalpana aisi svabhavik aur hav bhav poorn moortividhan karati hai ki pathak pratyaksh anubhooti mean magn ho jata hai. aisi sajiv moorti vidhan karane vali kalpana bihari ko chho dakar aur kisi kavi mean nahian paee jati. kalpana aur vani ke sath jis bhavukata ka sanyog hota hai vahi utkrisht kavy ke roop mean vikasit ho sakati hai.
• 'bhakti kal' ke mahakavi padmakar ne shrikrishn aur radhaji ki holi ki masti ka kuchh nimn prakar bakhan kiya hai-

"phag ki mir amirani jyoan, gahi goviand lai gee bhitar gori,
may kari man ki padmakar, oopar nay abir ki jhori.
chhin pitanbar kammar te, subida dee mid kapolan rori,
nain nachay muskay kahean, lala phir aiyo khelan hori."

• bhasha ki sab prakar ki shaktiyoan par is kavi ka adhikar dikhaee p data hai. kahian to inaki bhasha snigdh, madhur padavali dvara ek sajiv bhav bhari premamoorti kh di karati hai, kahian bhav ya ras ki dhara bahati hai, kahian anupras ki jhankar utpann karati hai, kahian prashaant sarovar ke saman sthir aur ganbhir hokar manushy jivan ko vishraanti ki chhaya dikhati hai. inaki bhasha mean vah anekaroopata hai jo ek b de kavi mean honi chahie. bhasha ki aisi anekaroopata gosvami tulasidas ji mean dikhaee p dati hai.
• anupras ki pravritti to hindi ke pray: sab kaviyoan mean avashyakata se adhik rahi hai. padmakar bhi unake prabhav se nahian bache haian. anupras ki dirgh shrriankhala adhikatar inake varnanatmak padyoan mean paee jati hai, jahaan madhur kalpana ke bich suandar komal bhavoan ka spandan hai vahaan ki bhasha bahut hi svabhavik aur saf suthari hai. lakshanikata bhi inaki ek bahut b di visheshata hai -

padmakaraji ki kavita ke kuchh namoone niche die jate haian ,
phagu ki bhir, abhirin mean gahi goanvadai lai gee bhitar gori.
bhaee kari man ki padmakar, oopar naee abir ki jhori
chhini pitanbar kammar tean su bida dee mi di kapolan rori.
nain nachay kahi musukay, 'lala phir aiyo khelan hori'

aee sang alin ke nanad pathaee nithi,
sohat sohaee sis ee dari supat ki.
kahaian padmakar ganbhir jamuna ke tir,
lagi ghat bharan naveli neh ataki.
tahi samai mohan jo baansuri bajaee, tamean,
madhur malar gaee or bansivat ki.
tan lage lataki, rahi n sudhi ghooanghat ki,
ghar ki, n ghat ki, n bat ki, n ghat ki

gokul ke, kul ke, gali ke gop gaanvanake
jau lagi kachhoo ko kachhoo bhakhat bhanainahian.
kahaian padmakar paros pichhavaran ke
dvaran ke daure gun-augun ganai nahian
tau lauan chali chatur saheli! yahi kod kahooan
nike kai niharai tahi, bharat manai nahian.
hauan tau syam rang mean chorai chit chorachori
borat tau borayo, pai nichorat banai nahian

aras so arat, sanbharat n sis pat,
gajab gujarati gariban ki dhar par.
kahaian padmakar sura soan sarasar taise,
bithuri birajai bar hiran ke har par
chhajat chhabile chhiti chhahari chhara ke chhor,
bhor uthi aee kelimandir ke dvar par.
ek pag bhitar au ek dehari pai dhare,
ek kar kanj, ek kar hai kivar par

mohi lakhi sovat bithorigo subenibani,
torigo hie ko har, chhorigo sugaiya ko.
kahaian padmakar tyoan ghorigo ghanero dukh,
borigo bisasi aj laj hi ki naiyako
ahit anaiso aiso kaun upahas?yatean,
sochan khari maian pari jovati junhaiya ko.
boojhihaian chavaiya tab kaihauan kaha, daiya!
it parigo ko maiya! meri sej pai kanhaiyako?

eho nandalal! aisi vyakul pari hai bal,
hal hi chalau tau chalau, jore juri jayagi.
kahaian padmakar nahian tau ye jhakore lagai,
ore lauan achaka bin ghore ghuri jayagi
sire upacharan ghanere ghanasaran soan,
dekhat hi dekhau damini lauan duri jayagi.
tauhi lagi chain jaulauan chetihai n chandamukhi,
chetaigi kahooan tau chaandani mean churi jayagi

chalo suni chandamukhi chit mean suchain kari,
tit ban bagan ghanere ali ghoomi rahe.
kahaian padmakar mayoor manju nachat haian,
chay soan chakorani chakor choomi choomi rahe
qadam, anar, am, agar, asok thok,
latani samet lone lone lagi bhoomi rahe.
phooli rahe, phali rahe, phabi rahe, phaili rahe,
jhapi rahe, jhali rahe, jhuki rahe, jhoomi rahe

tikhe tegavahi je silahi chadhai gho dan pai,
syahi chadhai amit ariandan ki ail pai.
kahaian padmakar nisan chadhai hathin pai,
dhoori dhar chadhai pakasasan ke sail pai
saji chaturang chamoo jang jitibe ke hetu,
himmat bahadur chadhat phar phail pai.
lali chadhai mukh pai, bahali chadhai bahan pai,
kali chadhai sianh pai, kapali chadhai bail pai

ai brajachand goviand gopal! sunyo kyoan n ete kalam kie maian.
tyoan padmakar anand ke nad hau nandanandan! jani lie maian
makhan chori kai khorin hvai chale bhaji kachhoo bhay mani jie maian.
doori n dauri durayo jau chahau tau durau kin mere aandhere hie maian