होली

yah lekh vishesh roop se krishnakosh ke lie bharatakosh se sabhar

holi
any nam	'dol yatra' ya 'dol poornima' (pashchim bangal), 'kaman podigee' (tamilanadu), 'hola mohalla' (panjab), 'kamana habba' (karnatak), 'phagua' (bihar), 'rangapanchami' (maharashtr), 'shimago' (gova), 'dhuleandi' (hariyana), 'govianda holi' (gujarat), 'yosaang holi' (manipur) adi.
anuyayi	hindoo, bharatiy, bharatiy pravasi
uddeshy	dharmik nishtha, samajik ekata, manoranjan
prarambh	pauranik kal
tithi	phalgun poornima
utsav	rang khelana, hu dadang, mauj-masti
anushthan	holika dahan
prasiddhi	latthamar holi (barasana)
sanbandhit lekh	krishn, radha, gopi, barasana, mathura, braj
any janakari	'holi' bahut prachin utsav hai. isaka arambhik shabdaroop 'holaka' tha. bharat ke poorvi bhagoan mean yah shabd prachalit tha. 'holaka' un bis kri daoan mean ek hai, jo sampoorn bharat mean prachalit haian. isaka ullekh vatsyayan ke 'kamasootr' mean bhi hua hai, jisaka arth tikakar jayamangal ne kiya hai.

holi bharat ka pramukh tyohar hai. holi jahaan ek or samajik evan dharmik tyohar hai, vahian rangoan ka bhi tyohar hai. bal-vriddh, nar-nari sabhi ise b de utsah se manate haian. isamean jatibhed-varnabhed ka koee sthan nahian hota. is avasar par lak diyoan tatha kandoan adi ka dher lagakar 'holika poojan' kiya jata hai, phir usamean ag lagayi jati hai. poojan ke samay mantr uchcharan kiya jata hai.

itihas

prachalit manyataoan ke anusar yah tyohar daityaraj hiranyakashipu ki bahan holika ke mare jane ki smriti mean manaya jata hai. puranoan mean varnit hai ki hiranyakashipu ki bahan holika varadan ke prabhav se nity agni snan karati thi aur jalati nahian thi. hiranyakashipu ne apane rajy mean yah ghoshana karava rakhi thi ki sabhi praja ka bhagavan vahi hai, isilie usi ki pooja ki jae n ki vishnu ki. hiranyakashipu ne apani bahan holika se apane putr prahlad ko, jo ki bhagavan vishnu ka param bhakt tha, god mean lekar agni snan karane ko kaha. usane samajha ki aisa karane se prahlad agni mean jal jaega tatha holika bach jaegi. holika ne aisa hi kiya, kiantu holika jal gayi aur prahlad bach gaye. holika ko yah smaran hi nahian raha ki agni snan vah akele hi kar sakati hai. tabhi se is tyohar ke manane ki pratha chal p di.

prachin shabdaroop

yah bahut prachin utsav hai. isaka arambhik shabdaroop 'holaka' tha. bharat mean poorvi bhagoan mean yah shabd prachalit tha. jaimini evan shabar ka kathan hai ki 'holaka' sabhi aryo dvara sampadit hona chahie. kathakagrihy mean ek sootr hai 'raka hola ke', jisaki vyakhya tikakar devapal ne yoan ki hai- 'hola ek karm-vishesh hai, jo striyoan ke saubhagy ke lie sampadit hota hai, us krity mean raka devata hai.' any tikakaroan ne isaki vyakhya any roopoan mean ki hai. 'holaka' un bis kri daoan mean ek hai, jo sampoorn bharat mean prachalit haian. isaka ullekh vatsyayan ke 'kamasootr' mean bhi hua hai, jisaka arth tikakar jayamangal ne kiya hai. phalgun ki poornima par log shrriang se ek-doosare par rangin jal chho date haian aur sugandhit choorn bikherate haian. hemadri ne brihadyam ka ek shlok udbhrit kiya hai, jisamean holika-poornima ko hutashani kaha gaya hai. liang puran mean aya hai- 'phalgun poornima ko 'phalgunika' kaha jata hai, yah bal-kri daoan se poorn hai aur logoan ko vibhooti, aishvary dene vali hai.' varah puran mean aya hai ki yah 'patavas-vilasini' hai.

holika

hemadri ne bhavishyottar se uddharan dekar ek katha di hai. yudhishthir ne krishn se poochha ki phalgun-poornima ko pratyek gaanv evan nagar mean ek utsav kyoan hota hai,

prahlad ko god mean liye baithi holika

pratyek ghar mean bachche kyoan kri damay ho jate haian aur 'holaka' kyoan jalate haian, usamean kis devata ki pooja hoti hai, kisane is utsav ka prachar kiya, isamean kya hota hai aur yah 'adada' kyoan kahi jati hai. krishn ne yudhishthir se raja raghu ke vishay mean ek kianvadanti kahi. raja raghu ke pas log yah kahane ke lie gaye ki 'dhondha' namak ek rakshasi hai jise shiv ne varadan diya hai ki use dev, manav adi nahian mar sakate haian aur n vah astr-shastr ya ja da ya garmi ya varsha se mar sakati hai, kintu shiv ne itana kah diya hai ki vah kri dayukt bachchoan se bhay kha sakati hai. purohit ne yah bhi bataya ki phalgun ki poornima ko ja de ki rritu samapt hoti hai aur grishm rritu ka agaman hota hai, tab log hansean evan anand manayean, bachche lak di ke tuk de lekar bahar prasannatapoorvak nikal p dean, lak diyaan evan ghas ekatr karean, rakshoghn mantroan ke sath usamean ag lagayean, taliyaan bajayean, agni ki tin bar pradakshina karean, hansean aur prachalit bhasha mean bhadde evan ashlil gane gayean, isi shoragul evan attahas se tatha hom se vah rakshasi maregi. jab raja ne yah sab kiya to rakshasi mar gayi aur vah din 'adada' ya 'holika' kaha gaya. age aya hai ki doosare din chaitr ki pratipada par logoan ko holikabhasm ko pranam karana chahie, mantrochcharan karana chahie, ghar ke praangan mean vargakar sthal ke madhy mean kam-pooja karani chahie. kam-pratima par sundar nari dvara chandan-lep lagana chahie aur pooja karane vale ko chandan-lep se mishrit amr-baur khana chahie. isake uparant yathashakti brahmanoan, bhatoan adi ko dan dena chahie aur 'kam devata mujh par prasann hoan' aisa kahana chahie. isake age puran mean aya hai- 'jab shukl paksh ki 15vian tithi par patajh d samapt ho jata hai aur vasant rritu ka prat: agaman hota hai to jo vyakti chandan-lep ke sath amr-manjari khata hai vah anand se rahata hai.'

holika dahan

holika dahan poorn chandrama (phalgun poornima) ke din hi praranbh hota hai. is din sayankal ko holi jalaee jati hai. isake ek mah poorv arthath magh poornima ko 'erand' ya goolar vriksh ki tahani ko gaanv ke bahar kisi sthan par ga d diya jata hai, aur us par lak diyaan, sookhe upale, khar-patavar adi charoan se ekatr kiya jata hai aur phalgun poornima ki rat ya sayankal ise jalaya jata hai. paranpara ke anusar sabhi log alav ke charoan or ekatrit hote haian. ise 'alav ko holi' kaha jata hai. holi ki agni mean sookhi pattiyaan, tahaniyaan v sookhi lak diyaan dali jati haian tatha log isi agni ke charoan or nrity v sangit ka anand lete haian.

holi aur radha-krishn ki katha

bhagavan shrikrishn to saanvale the, parantu unaki atmik sakhi radha gauravarn ki thi. isalie balakrishn prakriti ke is anyay ki shikayat apani maan yashoda se karate tatha isaka karan janane ka prayatn karate. ek din yashoda ne shrikrishn ko yah sujhav diya ki ve radha ke mukh par vahi rang laga dean, jisaki unhean ichchha ho. natakhat shrikrishn yahi kary karane chal p de. ap chitroan v any bhakti akritiyoan mean shrikrishn ke isi krity ko jisamean ve radha v any gopiyoan par rang dal rahe haian, dekh sakate haian. yah premamayi shararat shighr hi logoan mean prachalit ho gee tatha holi ki paranpara ke roop mean sthapit huee. isi rritu mean log radha v krishn ke chitroan ko sajakar s dakoan par ghoomate haian. mathura ki holi ka vishesh mahattv hai, kyoanki mathura mean hi krishn ka janm hua tha.

mathura holi ke vibhinn drishy

braj mean phag utsav

phalgun ke mah 'rangabharani ekadashi' se sabhi mandiroan mean phag utsav prarambh hote haian, jo 'dauj' tak chalate haian. dauj ko baldev (daooji) mean 'daooji ka huranga' hota hai. barasana, nandagaanv, jav, bathain, jatipura, anyaur adi mean bhi holi kheli jati hai. yah braj ka vishesh tyohar hai. yoan to puranoan ke anusar isaka sambandh puran kathaoan se hai aur braj mean bhi holi isi din jalaee jati hai. isamean yajn roop mean navin ann ki balean bhooni jati haian. prahlad ki katha ki prerana isase milati haian. holi dahan ke din kosi ke nikat phalain gaanv mean 'prahlad kund' ke pas 'bhakt prahlad ka mela' lagata hai. yahaan tez jalati huee holi mean se nange badan aur nange paanv panda nikalata hai.

shrikrishn radha aur gopiyoan-gvaloan ke bich ki holi ke roop mean gulal, rang, kesar ki pichakari se khoob khelate haian. holi ka arambh phalgun shukl navami barasana se hota hai. vahaan ki 'lathamar holi' vishv prasiddh hai. dasavian ko aisi hi holi nandagaanv mean hoti hai. isi ke sath poore braj mean holi ki dhoom machati hai. dhoolean di ko pray: holi poorn ho jati hai, isake pahale hurange chalate haian, jinamean mahilayean rangoan ke sath lathiyoan, ko doan adi se purushoan ko gherati haian. yah sab dharmik vatavaran hota hai. holi ya holika anand evan ullas ka aisa utsav hai, jo sampoorn desh mean manaya jata hai. utsav manane ke dhang mean kahian-kahian antar paya jata hai. pashchim bangal ko chho dakar holika-dahan sarvatr dekha jata hai. bangal mean phalgun poornima par 'krishn-pratima ka jhoola' prachalit hai kintu yah bharat ke adhikaansh sthanoan mean nahian dikhaee p data. is utsav ki avadhi vibhinn prantoan mean vibhinn hai. is avasar par log baans ya dhatu ki pichakari se rangin jal chho date haian ya abir-gulal lagate haian. kahian-kahian ashlil gane bhi gaye jate haian. isamean jo dharmik tattv hai, vah hai bangal mean krishn-pooja karana tatha kuchh pradeshoan mean purohit dvara holika ki pooja karavana. log holika dahan ke samay parikrama karate haian, agni mean nariyal pheankate haian, gehooan, jau adi ke danthal pheankate haian aur inake adhajale aansh ka prasad banate haian. kahian-kahian log hatheli se mukh-svar utpann karate haian.

madanotsav

'dashakumaracharit' mean holi ka ullekh 'madanotsav' ke nam se kiya gaya hai. vasant kam ka sahachar hai, isilie vasant rritu mean madanotsav manane ka vidhan hai. hamare yahaan kam ko daivi svaroop pradan kar use kamadev ke roop mean manyata di gee hai. yadi kam itana vikrit hota to bhagavan shiv apani krodhagni mean 'kam' ko bhasm karane ke bad use 'anang' roop mean phir se kyoan jivit karate ? isaka arth yah hai ki 'kam' ka sahachary utsav manane yogy hai. jab tak vah maryada mean rahata hai, use bhagavan ki vibhooti mana jata hai. lekin jab vah maryada chho d deta hai to atmaghati ban jata hai, shiv ka tisara netr (vivek) use bhasm kar deta hai. bhagavan shiv dvara kiya gaya kam-sanhar hamean yahi samajhata hai. tyohar hamari saanskritik chetana ke pratik haian. ve asha, akaanksha, utsah evan umang ke pradata haian tatha manoranjan, ullas evan anand dekar ve hamare jivan ko saras banate haian. tyohar yugoan se chali a rahi hamari saanskritik dharoharoan, paranparaoan, manyataoan evan samajik moolyoan ka moort pratibianb haian, jo hamari sanskriti ka aantarasparshi darshan karate haian.

tyoharoan ki is pratha ne hi bharat ko manavabhoomi se devabhoomi bana diya hai. kalidas ne manav ko utsav premi bataya hai- utsavapriya khalu manushya:! utsav manav jivan mean ullas evan anand ki srishti karate haian. sath, chit, anand roopi trigunatmak brahma ka ek tattv hai- anand. anand-ullas manav ke jivan mean mangal evan saubhagy ko amantrit karate haian. holi vasant rritu ka yauvanakal hai, grishm ke agaman ka soochak! yah 'navannaveshti yajn' bhi kahalata hai. phalgun shukl poornima ke din prachin aryajan ne gehooan aur jau ki baliyoan se agnihotr ka praranbh karate the. karmakaand paranpara mean ise 'yav grahan yajn' ka nam diya gaya. anaj ki baliyoan ko sanskrit mean 'holak' kahate haian. desh ke uttari bhag mean aj bhi chane ki bhuni baliyoan ko hola kahate haian. vasant mean soory dakshinayan se uttarayan mean a jata hai. phal-phooloan ki nee srishti ke sath rritu bhi 'amrit pran' ho jati hai. isalie holi ke parv ko 'manvantaraanbh' bhi kaha gaya hai. holi ke sath anek kathaean ju di haian. pahali katha prahlad evan holika se sanbandhit hai. prahlad ka pita hiranyakashipu nastik tha. usane apane rajy mean eeshvar ki pooja karane par pratibandh laga rakha tha. kiantu usaka putr prahlad eeshvar bhakt tha. anek kasht sahakar bhi usane eeshvar bhakti nahian chho di.

barasana holi ke vibhinn drishy