- mahabharat ashvamedhik parv ke anugita parv ke aantargat adhyay 36 mean brahma ke dvara tamogun, usake kary aur phal ka varnan hua hai.[1]
vishay soochi
brahma ke dvara tamogun ka varnan
vaishampayan ji kahate haian- janamejay! brahma ji ne kaha- maharshiyoan! jab tinoan gunoan ki samyavastha hoti hai, us samay usaka nam avyakt prakriti hota hai. avyakt samast prakrit karyoan mean vyapak, avinashi aur sthir hai. uparyukt tin gunoan mean jab vishamata ati hai, tab ve panchabhoot ka roop dharan karate hai aur unase nau dvar vale nagar (sharir) ka nirman hota hai, aisa jano. is pur mean jivatma ko vishayoan ki aur prerit karane vali man sati gyarah indriyaan haian. inaki abhivyakti man ke dvara huee hai. buddhi is nagar ki svamini hai, gyaharavaan man das indriyoan se shreshth hai. isamean jo tin strot (ttiroopi nadi ke pravah) haian, ve un tin gunamayi nadiyoan ke dvara bar-bar bhare jate evan pravahit hote haian. sattv, raj aur tam- in tinoan ko gun kahate haian. ye paraspar ek doosare ke pratidvandi, ek doosare ke ashrit, karanee vale aur paraspar mishrit rahane vale haian. paanchoan mahabhoot trigunatmak haian. tamogun ka pratidvandvi hai sattvagun aur sattvagun ka pratidvanchhi rajoganu hai.
isi prakar rajogun ka pratidvandi sattvagun hai aur sattvagun ka pratidvanchhi tamogun hai. jahaan tamogun ko roka jata hai, vahaan rajogun badhata hai aur jahaan rajogun ko dabaya jata hai, vahaan sattvagun ki vriddhi hoti hai. tam ko andhakar roop aur trigunamay samajhana chahiye. usaka doosara nam moh hai. vah adhamr ko lakshit karane vala aur pap karane vale logoan mean nishchit roop se vidyaman rahane vala hai. tamogun ka yah svaroop doosare gunoan se mishrit bhi dikhayi deta hai. rajogun ko prakriti roop batalaya gaya hai, yah srishti ki utpatti ka karan hai. sampoorn bhootoan mean isaki pravriti dekhi jati hai. yah drishy jagat usi ka svaroop hai, utpatti ya pravritit hi usaka lakshan hai. sab bhootoan mean prakash, laghuta (garvahinata) aur shraddha- yah sattvagun ka roop hai. garvahinata ki shreshth purushoan ne prashansa ki hai. ab maian tatvik yuktiyoan dvara sankshep aur vistar ke sath in tinoan gunoan ke karyoan ka yatharth varnan karata hooan, inhean dhyan dekar suno.
tamogun ke kary aur phal ka varnan
moh, ajnan, tyag ka abhav, karmoan ka ninray n kar sakana, nidra, garv, bhay, lobh, svayan shubh karmoan mean dosh dekhana, smaranashakti ka abhav, parinam n sochana, nastikata, dushcharitrata, nirvisheshata (achchhe-bure ke vivek ka abhav), indriyoan ki shithilata, hiansa adi nindaniy doshoan mean pravritt hona, akary ko kary aur ajnan ko jnan samajhana, shatruta, kam mean man n lagana, ashraddha, moorkhatapoorn vichar, kutilata, nasamajhi, pap karana, ajnan, alasy adi ke karan deh ka bhari hona, bhav-bhakti ka n hona, ajitendriyata aur nich karmoan mean anurag- ye sabhi durgun tamogun ke kary batalaye gaye haian. isake siva aur bhi jo-jo batean is lok mean nishiddh mani gayi haian, ve sab tamogun hi haian. devata, brahman aur ved ki sada ninda karana, dan n dena, abhiman, moh, krodh, asahanashilata aur praniyoan ke prati matsary- ve sab tamas bartav haian. (vidhi aur shraddh se rahit) vyarth karyoan ka arambh karana, (desh-kal patr ka vichar n karake ashraddha aur avahelana poorvak) vyarth dan dena tatha (devata aur atithi ko diye bina) vyarth bhojan karana bhi tamasik kary hai.[1]ativad, akshama, matsarata, abhiman aur ashraddha ko bhi tamogun ka bartav mana gaya hai. sansar mean aise bartav vale aur dharm ki maryada bhang karane vale jo bhi papi manushy haian, ve sab tamoguni mane gaye haian. aise papi manushyoan ke liye doosare janm mean jo yoniyaan nishchit ki huee haian, unaka parichay de raha hooan. unamean se kuchh to niche narakoan mean dhakele jate haian aur kuchh tiryagyoniyoan mean janm grahan karate haian. sthavar (vriksh-parvat adi) jiv, pashu, vahan, rakshas, sarp, ki de-mako de, pakshi, andaj prani, chaupaye, pagal, bahare, gooange tatha any jitane papamay rog vale (kodhi adi) manushy haian, ve sab tamogun mean doobe hue haian. apane karmoan ke anusar lakshanoan vale ye durachari jiv sada du:kh mean nimagn rahate haian. unaki chittavrittiyoan ka pravah nimn dasha ki or hota hai, isaliye unhean arvak strot kahate haian. ve tamogun mean nimagn rahane vale sabhi prani tamasi haian. isake pashchat maian yah varnan karooanga ki un tamasi yoniyoan mean gaye hue praniyoan ka utthan aur samriddhi kis prakar hoti hai tatha ve punyakarma hokar kis prakar shreshth lokoan ko prapt hote haian.[2]
jo viparit yoniyoan ko prapt prani haian, unake[3]jab poorvakrit puny karmoan ka uday hota hai, tab ve shubh karmoan ke sanskaroan ke prabhav se svakarmanishth kalyanakami brahmanoan ki samanata ko prapt hote haian arthat unake kul mean utpann hote haian aur vahaan pun: yatnashil hokar oopar uthate haian evan devataoan ke svargalok mean chale jate haian- yah ved ki shruti hai. ve punaravrittishil sakam dharm ka acharan karane vale manushy devabhav ko prat ho jane ke anantar jab vahaan se doosari yoni mean jate haian tab yahaan (mrityu lok mean) manushy hote haian. unamean se koee- koee (bache hue pap karm ka phal bhogane ke liye) pun: papayoni se yukat chandal, gooange aur atakar bolane vale hote haian aur pray: janm janmantar mean uttarottar uchch varn ko prapt hote haian. koee shoodr yoni se age badhakar bhi tamas gunoan se yukt ho jate haian aur usake pravah mean p dakar tamogun mean hi pravritt rahate haian. yah jo bhogoan mean asakt ho jana hai, yahi mahamoh bataya gaya hai. is moh mean p dakar bhogoan ka sukh chahane vale rrishi, muni aur devagan bhi mohit ho jate haian.[4] tam (avidya), moh (asmita), mahamoh (rag), krodh namavala tamistr aur mrityu roop andhatamistr yah paanch prakar ki tamasi prakriti batalayi gayi hai. krodh ko hi tamistr kahate haian. vipravaro! varn, gun, yoni aur tattv ke anusar maianne ap se tamogun ka poora-poora yathavat varnan kiya. jo atattv mean tattv drishti rakhane vala hai, aisa kaun sa manushy is vishay ko achchhi tarah dekh aur samajh sakata hai? yah viparit drishti tamogun ki yatharth pahachan hai. is prakar tamogun ke svaroop aur usake karyabhoot nana prakar ke gunoan ka yathavai varnan kiya gaya tatha tamogun se prapt hone vali ooanchi nichi yoniyaan bhi batala di gayian. jo manushy in gunoan ko thik-thik janata hai, vah sampoorn tamasik gunoan se sada mukt rahata hai.[2]
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 mahabharat ashvamedhik parv adhyay 36 shlok 1-19
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 mahabharat ashvamedhik parv adhyay 36 shlok 20-36
- ↑ pap karmoan ka bhog poora ho jane par
- ↑ phir sadharan manushyoan ki to bat hi kya hai?
sanbandhit lekh
mahabharat ashvamedhik parv mean ullekhit kathaean
ashvamedh parv
yudhishthir ka shokamagn hokar girana aur dhritarashtr ka unhean samajhana
| shrikrishn aur vyas ka yudhishthir ko samajhana
| vyas ka yudhishthir se sanvart aur marutt ka prasang kahana
| vyas dvara marutt ke poorvajoan ka varnan
| brihaspati ka manushy ko yajn n karane ki pratijna karana
| narad ki ajna se marutt ki sanvart se bheant
| marutt ke agrah par sanvart ka yajn karane ki svikriti dena
| sanvart ka marutt ko suvarn ki prapti ke lie mahadev ki namamayi stuti ka upadesh
| marutt ki sampatti se brihaspati ka chintit hona
| brihaspati ka indr se apani chinta ka karan batana
| indr ki ajna se agnidev ka marutt ke pas sandesh lekar jana
| agnidev ka sanvart ke bhay se lautana aur indr se brahmabal ki shreshthata batana
| indr ka gandharvaraj ko bhejakar marutt ko bhay dikhana
| sanvart ka mantrabal se devataoan ko bulana aur marutt ka yajn poorn karana
| shrikrishn ka yudhishthir ko indr dvara sharirasth vritrasur sanhar ka itihas sunana
| shrikrishn ka yudhishthir ko man par vijay pane ka adesh
| shrikrishn dvara mamata ke tyag ka mahattv
| shrikrishn dvara kamagita ka ullekh tatha yudhishthir ko yajn hetu prerana
| yudhishthir dvara rrishiyoan ki vidaee aur hastinapur mean pravesh
| yudhishthir ke dharmarajy ka varnan
| shrikrishn ka arjun se dvaraka jane ka prastav
anugita parv
arjun ka shrikrishn se gita ka vishay poochhana
| shrikrishn ka arjun se siddh, maharshi tatha kashyap ka sanvad sunana
| siddh mahatma dvara jiv ki vividh gatiyoan ka varnan
| jiv ke garbh-pravesh ka varnan
| achar-dharm, karm-phal ki anivaryata ka varnan
| sansar se tarane ke upay ka varnan
| guru-shishy ke sanvad mean moksh prapti ke upay ka varnan
| brahmanagita, ek brahman ka patni se jnanayajn ka upadesh karana
| das hotaoan se sampann hone vale yajn ka varnan
| man aur vani ki shreshthata ka pratipadan
| man-buddhi aur indriyaroop sapt hotaoan ka varnan
| yajn tatha man-indriy sanvad ka varnan
| pran, apan adi ka sanvad aur brahma ka sabaki shreshthata batana
| narad aur devamat ka sanvad evan udan ke utkrisht roop ka varnan
| chaturhom yajn ka varnan
| antaryami ki pradhanata
| adhyatm vishayak mahan van ka varnan
| jnani purush ki sthiti tatha adhvaryu aur yati ka sanvad
| parashuram ke dvara kshatriy kul ka sanhar
| alark ke dhyanayog ka udaharan dekar pitamahoan ka parashuram ko samajhana
| parashuram ka tapasya ke dvara siddhi prapt karana
| raja ambarish ki gayi huee adhyatmik svarajyavishayak gatha
| brahmanaroopadhari dharm aur janak ka mamatvatyag vishayak sanvad
| brahman ka patni ke prati apane jnananishth svaroop ka parichay dena
| shrikrishn dvara brahmanagita ka upasanhar
| guru-shishy sanvad mean brahma aur maharshiyoan ke prashnottar
| brahma ke dvara tamogun, usake kary aur phal ka varnan
| rajogun ke kary ka varnan aur usake janane ka phal
| sattvagun ke kary ka varnan aur usake janane ka phal
| sattv adi gunoan ka aur prakriti ke namoan ka varnan
| mahattattv ke nam aur paramatmatattv ko janane ki mahima
| ahankar ki utpatti aur usake svaroop ka varnan
| ahankar se panch mahabhootoan aur indriyoan ki srishti
| adhyatm, adhibhoot aur adhidaivat ka varnan
| nivrittimarg ka upadesh
| charachar praniyoan ke adhipatiyoan ka varnan
| dharm adi ke lakshanoan ka aur vishayoan ki anubhooti ke sadhanoan ka varnan
| kshetraj ki vilakshanata
| sab padarthoan ke adi-ant ka aur jnan ki nityata ka varnan
| deharoopi kalachakr ka tatha grihasth aur brahman ke dharm ka kathan
| brahmachari, vanaprasthi aur sannyasi ke dharm ka varnan
| mukti ke sadhanoan ka, deharoopi vriksh ka tatha jnan-khang se use katane ka varnan
| atma aur paramatma ke svaroop ka vivechan
| dharm ka nirnay janane ke lie rrishiyoan ka prashn
| brahma dvara sattv aur purush ki bhinnata ka varnan
| brahma dvara buddhiman ki prashansa
| panchabhootoan ke gunoan ka vistar aur paramatma ki shreshthata ka varnan
| tapasya ka prabhav
| atma ka svaroop aur usake jnan ki mahima
| anugita ka upasanhar
| shrikrishn ka arjun ke sath hastinapur jana
| shrikrishn ka subhadra ke sath dvaraka ko prasthan
| kauravoan ke vinash se uttank muni ka kupit hona
| shrikrishn ka krodhit uttank muni ko shaant karana
| shrikrishn ka uttank se adhyatmatattv ka varnan
| shrikrishn ka uttank muni ko kauravoan ke vinash ka karan batana
| shrikrishn ka uttank muni ko vishvasvaroop ka darshan karana
| shrikrishn dvara uttank muni ko marudesh mean jal prapti ka varadan
| uttank ki gurubhakti ka varnan
| uttank ka guruputri ke sath vivah
| uttank ka divyakundal lane ke lie saudas ke pas jana
| uttank ka saudas se unaki rani ke kundal maangana
| uttank ka kundal hetu rani madayanti ke pas jana
| uttank ka kundal lekar pun: saudas ke pas lautana
| takshak dvara kundaloan ka apaharan
| uttank ko pun: kundaloan ki prapti
| shrikrishn ka dvaraka mean raivatak mahotsav mean sammilit hokar sabase milana
| shrikrishn ka vasudev ko mahabharat yuddh ka vrittant sankshep mean sunana
| shrikrishn ka vasudev ko abhimanyu vadh ka vrittaant sunana
| vasudev adi yadavoan ka abhimanyu ke nimitt shraddh karana
| vyas ka uttara aur arjun ko samajhakar yudhishthir ko ashvamedh yajn ki ajna dena
| yudhishthir ka bhaiyoan se paramarsh tatha dhan lane hetu prasthan
| paandavoan ka himalay par p dav aur upavasapoorvak ratri nivas
| shiv adi ka poojan karake yudhishthir ka dhanarashi ko le jana
| uttara ke mrit balak ko jilane ke lie kunti ki shrikrishn se prarthana
| parikshit ko jilane ke lie subhadra ki shrikrishn se prarthana
| uttara ki shrikrishn se putr ko jivit karane ki prarthana
| shrikrishn ka uttara ke mrit balak ko jivan dan dena
| shrikrishn dvara parikshit ka namakaran tatha pandavoan ka hastinapur agaman
| shrikrishn dvara paandavoan ka svagat
| vyas tatha shrikrishn ka yudhishthir ko yajn ke lie ajna dena
| vyas ki ajna se ashv ki raksha hetu arjun ki niyukti
| vyas dvara bhim, nakul tatha sahadev ki vibhinn karyoan hetu niyukti
| sena sahit arjun ke dvara ashv ka anusaran
| arjun ke dvara trigartoan ki parajay
| arjun ka pragjyautishapur ke raja vajradatt ke sath yuddh
| arjun ke dvara vajradatt ki parajay
| arjun ka saindhavoan ke sath yuddh
| du:shala ke anurodh se arjun aur saindhavoan ke yuddh ki samapti
| arjun aur babhruvahan ka yuddh evan arjun ki mrityu
| arjun ki mrityu se chitraangada ka vilap
| arjun ki mrityu par babhruvahan ka shokodgar
| uloopi ka sanjivani mani dvara arjun ko pun: jivit karana
| uloopi dvara arjun ki parajay ka rahasy batana
| arjun ka putr aur patni se vida lekar pun: ashv ke pichhe jana
| arjun dvara magadharaj meghasandhi ki parajay
| ashv ka dvaraka, panchanad tatha gaandhar desh mean pravesh
| arjun dvara shakuniputr ki parajay
| yudhishthir ki ajna se yajnabhoomi ki taiyari
| yudhishthir ke yajn ki sajavat aur ayojan
| shrikrishn ka yudhishthir se arjun ka sandesh kahana
| arjun ke vishay mean shrikrishn aur yudhishthir ki batachit
| arjun ka hastinapur agaman
| uloopi aur chitraangada sahit babhruvahan ka svagat
| ashvamedh yajn ka arambh
| yudhishthir ka brahmanoan aur rajaoan ko vida karana
| yudhishthir ke yajn mean nevale ka agaman
| nevale ka serabhar sattoodan ko ashvamedh yajn se badhakar batana
| hiansamishrit yajn aur dharm ki ninda
| maharshi agasty ke yajn ki katha
vaishnavadharm parv
yudhishthir ka shrikrishn se vaishnavadharm vishayak prashn
| shrikrishn dvara dharm ka tatha apani mahima ka varnan
| charoan varnoan ke karm aur unake phaloan ka varnan
| dharm ki vriddhi aur pap ke kshay hone ka upay
| vyarth janm, dan aur jivan ka varnan
| sattvik danoan ka lakshan
| dan ka yogy patr
| brahman ki mahima
| bij aur yoni ki shuddhi ka varnan
| gayatri mantr jap ki mahima ka varnan
| brahmanoan ki mahima aur unake tiraskar ke bhayanak phal ka varnan
| yamalok ke marg ka kasht
| yamalok ke marg-kasht se bachane ke upay
| jal dan aur ann dan ka mahatmy
| atithi satkar ka mahatmy
| bhoomi dan ki mahima
| til dan ki mahima
| uttam brahman ki mahima
| anek prakar ke danoan ki mahima
| panchamahayajn ka varnan
| vidhivat snan aur usake aangabhoot karm ka varnan
| bhagavan ke priy pushpoan ka varnan
| bhagavan ke bhagavadbhaktoan ka varnan
| kapila gau tatha usake dan ka mahatmy
| kapila gau ke das bhed
| kapila gau ka mahatmy
| kapila gau mean devataoan ke nivasasthan ka varnan
| yajn aur shraddh ke ayogy brahmanoan ka varnan
| narak mean le jane vale papoan ka varnan
| svarg mean le jane vale punyoan ka varnan
| brahmahatya ke saman pap ka varnan
| jinaka ann varjaniy hai, un papiyoan ka varnan
| dan ke phal aur dharm ki prashansa ka varnan
| dharm aur shauch ke lakshan
| sannyasi aur atithi satkar ke upadesh
| danapatr brahman ka varnan
| annadan ki prashansa
| bhojan ki vidhi
| gauoan ko ghas dalane ka vidhan
| til ka mahatmy
| apaddharm, shreshth aur nindy brahman
| shraddh ka uttam kal
| manav dharm-sar ka varnan
| agni ke svaroop mean agnihotr ki vidhi
| agnihotr ke mahatmy ka varnan
| chandrayan vrat ki vidhi
| prayashchitaroop mean chandrayan vrat ka vidhan
| sarvahitakari dharm ka varnan
| dvadashi vrat ka mahatmy
| yudhishthir ke dvara bhagavan ki stuti
| vishuvayog aur grahan adi mean dan ki mahima
| pipal ka mahattv
| tirthabhoot gunoan ki prashansa
| uttam prayashchit
| uttam aur adham brahmanoan ke lakshan
| bhakt, gau aur pipal ki mahima
| shrikrishn ke upadesh ka upasanhar
| shrikrishn ka dvarakagaman
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj