जगन्नाथ रथयात्रा

yah lekh vishesh roop se krishnakosh ke lie bharatakosh se sabhar

jagannath rathayatra
tithi	jagannath rathayatra das divasiy mahotsav hota hai. yatra ki taiyari akshay tritiya ke din shrikrishn, balaram aur subhadra ke rathoan ke nirman ke sath hi shuroo ho jati hai.
dharmik manyata	vartaman rathayatra mean jagannath ko dashavataroan ke roop mean pooja jata hai, unamean vishnu, krishn aur vaman aur buddh haian.
prasiddhi	bhagavan shrikrishn ke avatar 'jagannath' ki rathayatra ka puny sau yajnoan ke barabar mana jata hai.
sanbandhit lekh	jagannath mandir puri
rath ka nirman	bhagavan jagannath ki rathayatra ke lie rathoan ka nirman lak diyoan se hota hai. isamean koee bhi kil ya kaanta, kisi bhi dhatu ko nahian lagaya jata.
bahu da yatra	ashadh shukl dashami ko jagannath ji ki vapasi yatra shuroo hoti hai. ise bahu da yatra kahate haian.
any janakari	jagannath mandir mean pooja, achar-vyavahar, riti-niti aur vyavasthaoan ko shaiv, vaishnav, bauddh, jain dharmavalambiyoan ne bhi prabhavit kiya hai.

jagannath rathayatra bharat mean manae jane vale dharmik mahamahotsavoan mean sabase pramukh tatha mahattvapoorn mani jati hai. yah rathayatra n keval bharat apitu videshoan se ane vale paryatakoan ke lie bhi khasi dilachaspi aur akarshan ka keandr banati hai. bhagavan shrikrishn ke avatar 'jagannath' ki rathayatra ka puny sau yajnoan ke barabar mana jata hai. sagar tat par base puri shahar mean hone vali 'jagannath rathayatra utsav' ke samay astha ka jo virat vaibhav dekhane ko milata hai, vah aur kahian durlabh hai. is rathayatra ke dauran bhaktoan ko sidhe pratimaoan tak pahuanchane ka bahut hi sunahara avasar prapt hota hai. jagannath rathayatra das divasiy mahotsav hota hai. yatra ki taiyari akshay tritiya ke din shrikrishn, balaram aur subhadra ke rathoan ke nirman ke sath hi shuroo ho jati hai. desh-videsh se lakhoan log is parv ke sakshi banane har varsh yahaan ate haian. bharat ke char pavitr dhamoan mean se ek puri ke 800 varsh purane mukhy mandir mean yogeshvar shrikrishn jagannath ke roop mean virajate haian. sath hi yahaan balabhadr evan subhadra bhi haian.

darshan

vartaman rathayatra mean jagannath ko dashavataroan ke roop mean pooja jata hai, unamean vishnu, krishn aur vaman aur buddh haian. jagannath mandir mean pooja, achar-vyavahar, riti-niti aur vyavasthaoan ko shaiv, vaishnav, bauddh, jain dharmavalambiyoan ne bhi prabhavit kiya hai. rath ka roop shraddha ke ras se paripoorn hota hai. vah chalate samay shabd karata hai. usamean dhoop aur agarabatti ki sugandh hoti hai. ise bhaktajanoan ka pavitr sparsh prapt hota hai. rath ka nirman buddhi, chitt aur ahankar se hota hai, aise rath roopi sharir mean atma roopi bhagavan jagannath virajaman hote haian. is prakar rathayatra sharir aur atma ke mel ki or sanket karata hai aur atmadrishti banae rakhane ki prerana deti hai. rathayatra ke samay rath ka sanchalan atma yukt sharir karata hai jo jivan yatra ka pratik hai. yadyapi sharir mean atma hoti hai to bhi vah svayan sanchalit nahian hoti, balki use maya sanchalit karati hai. isi prakar bhagavan jagannath ke virajaman hone par bhi rath svayan nahian chalata balki use khianchane ke lie lok-shakti ki avashyakata hoti hai.

itihas

jagannath rathayatra, 1850

pauranik kathaoan ke anusar raja indradyumn bhagavan jagannath ko shabar raja se yahaan lekar aye the tatha unhoanne hi mool mandir ka nirman karaya tha jo bad mean nasht ho gaya. is mool mandir ka kab nirman hua aur yah kab nasht ho gaya is bare mean kuchh bhi spasht nahian hai. yayati keshari ne bhi ek mandir ka nirman karaya tha. vartaman 65 mitar ooanche mandir ka nirman 12vian shatabdi mean chol gangadev tatha anang bhimadev ne karaya tha. parantu jagannath sanpraday vaidik kal se lekar ab tak maujood hai. jagannathapuri ka varnan skand puran, narad puran, padm puran aur brahm puran mean bhi milata hai. jagannath mandir ke niji bhrith‍yoan ki ek sena hai, jo 36 roopoan tatha 97 vargoan mean vibhajit kar di gayi hai. pahale inake pradhan khurd ke raja the, jo apane ko jaganh‍nath ka bhrith‍y samajhate the.

mandir ki pratimaean

rathayatra ke samay bhaktoan ko pratimaoan tak pahuanchane ka avasar milata hai. puri ka jagannath mandir bhaktoan ki astha keandr hai, jahaan poore varsh bhaktoan ka mela laga rahata hai. puri ka jagannath mandir uchchastariy naqqashi aur bhavyata lie prasiddh hai. rathotsav ke samay isaki chhata nirali hoti hai. puri ke mahan mandir mean tin moortiyaan haian-

1. bhagavan jagannath ki moorti
2. balabhadr ki moorti
3. subhadra ki moorti

ye sabhi moortiyaan kashth ki bani huee haian. puri ki ye tinoan pratimaean bharat ke sabhi devi-devataoan ki tarah nahian hotian. yah moortiyaan adivasi mukhakriti ke sath adhik samyata rakhati haian. puri ka mukhy mandir barahavian sadi mean raja anantavarman ke shasanakal ke samay banaya gaya. usake bad jagannath ji ke 120 mandir banae ge haian. bhagavan jagannath aur unake mandir ne anek sanpradayoan tatha dharmik samudayoan ke dharm guruoan ko akarshit kiya hai. adi shankarachary ne ise govardhan pith sthapit karane ke lie chuna. unhoanne 'jagannathashtak' ka bhi sankalan kiya. any dharmik sant ya dharm guru jo yahaan aye tatha bhagavan jagannath ki pooja ki unamean madhvachary, nimbarkachary, sayanachary, ramanuj, ramanand, tulasidas, nanak, kabir, tatha chaitany haian aur sthaniy sant, jaise- jagannath das, balaram das, achyutanand, yashavant, shishu anant aur jayadev bhi yahaan aye tatha bhagavan jagannath ki pooja ki. puri mean in santoan dvara math ya ashram sthapit kiye gaye jo abhi bhi maujood haian tatha kisi n kisi roop mean jagannath mandir se sanbadhit haian.

mandir ki vishalata

jagannath rathayatra, u disa

jagannath ke vishal mandir ke bhitar char khanh‍d haian - 'pratham bhog mandir', jisamean bhagavan ko bhog lagaya jata hai. 'dvitiy rang mandir', jisamean nrith‍y-gan adi hote haian. 'tritiy sabhamanh‍dap', jisamean darshakagan (tirth yatri) baithate haian. chautha aantaral hai. jaganh‍nath ke mandir ka guanbad 192 phut ooancha aur chavakr tatha dhh‍vaj se achh‍chhanh‍n hai. mandir samudr tat se 7 pharlaang door hai. yah satah se 20 phut ooanchi ek chhoti si paha di par sh‍thit hai. paha di golakar hai, jise 'nilagiri' kahakar samh‍manit kiya jata hai. anh‍taral ke prath‍yek taraf ek b da dvar hai, unamean poorv ka dvar sabase b da aur bhavh‍y hai. pravesh dvar par ek 'brihath‍kay sianh' hai, isilie is dvar ko 'sianh dvar' bhi kaha jata hai. yah mandir 20 phit ooanchi divar ke parakote ke bhitar hai, jisamean anek chhote-chhote mandir hai. mukhy mandir ke alava ek paranparagat dayodhi, pavitr devasthan ya garbhagrih, prarthana karane ka h aaul aur stanbhoan vala ek nrity h aaul hai. sadiyoan se puri ko anek namoan se jana jata hai, jaise- nilagiri, niladri, nilachanl, purushottam, shankhakshetr, shrikshetr, jagannath dham aur jagannath puri. yahaan par barah mahattvapoorn tyauhar manaye jate haian, lekin inamean sabase mahattvapoorn tyauhar jisane aantarrashtriy khyati prapt ki hai, vah rathayatra hi hai.

das divasiy mahotsav

puri ke jagannath mandir ke das divasiy mahotsav ki taiyari ka shriganesh akshay tritiya ko shrikrishn, balaram aur subhadra ke rathoan ke nirman se ho jata hai. kuchh dharmik anushthan bhi kie jate haian.

garu dadhvaj

jagannath ji ka rath 'garu dadhvaj' ya 'kapiladhvaj' kahalata hai. 16 pahiyoan vala yah rath 13.5 mitar ooancha hota hai, jisamean lal v pile rang ke vastr ka prayog hota hai. vishnu ka vahak garu d isaki raksha karata hai. rath par jo dhvaj hai, use 'trailokyamohini' ya ‘nandighosh’ rath kahate haian.

taladhvaj

balaram ka rath 'taladhvaj' ke nam se pahachana jata hai. yah rath 13.2 mitar ooancha 14 pahiyoan ka hota hai. yah lal, hare rang ke kap़ de v laq di ke 763 tuq doan se bana hota hai. rath ke rakshak vasudev aur sarathi matali hote haian. rath ke dhvaj ko 'unani' kahate haian. 'tribra', ;ghora', 'dirghasharma' v 'svarnanava' isake ashv haian. jis rassi se rath khiancha jata hai, vah 'vasuki' kahalata hai.

padmadhvaj ya darpadalan

subhadra ka rath 'padmadhvaj' kahalata hai. 12.9 mitar ooanche 12 pahie ke is rath mean lal, kale kap़ de ke sath lak di ke 593 tuk doan ka prayog hota hai. rath ki rakshak 'jayadurga' v sarathi arjun hote haian. rathadhvaj 'nadanbik' kahalata hai. 'rochik', 'mochik', 'jita' v 'aparajita' isake ashv hote haian. ise khianchane vali rassi ko 'svarnachooda' kahate haian. dasavean din is yatra ka samapan ho jata hai.

rath nirman

rath mean prayog vale pahiye

bhagavan jagannath ki rathayatra ke lie rathoan ka nirman lak diyoan se hota hai. isamean koee bhi kil ya kaanta, kisi bhi dhatu ka nahian lagaya jata. yah ek dharmik kary hai, jo pidhi dar pidhi age badhata raha hai. rathoan ka nirman akshay tritiya se 'vanajaga' mahotsav se prarambh hota hai tatha lak diyaan chunane ka kary isake poorv basant panchami se shuroo ho jata hai. purane rathoan ki lak diyaan bhaktajan shraddhapoorvak kharid lete haian aur apane–apane gharoan ki khi dakiyaan, daravaze adi banavane mean inaka upayog karate haian.

samudayik parv

rathayatra ek samudayik parv hai. gharoan mean koee bhi pooja is avasar par nahian hoti hai tatha n hi koee upavas rakha jata hai. jagannathapuri aur bhagavan jaganh‍nath ki kuchh maulik visheshataean haian. yahaan kisi prakar ka jatibhed nahian hai. jaganh‍nath ke lie pakaya gaya chaval vahaan ke purohit nimh‍n koti ke nam se pukare jane vale logoan se bhi lete haian. jaganh‍nath ko chadhaya hua chaval kabhi ashudgh nahian hota, ise 'mahaprasad' ki sanjna di gayi hai. isaki visheshata rathayatra parv ki mahath‍ta hai. isaka puri ke chaubis parvoan mean sarvadhik mahath‍v hai. rath tirth ya‌‌triyoan aur kushal mazadooroan dvara khianche jate haian. bhavukatapoorn gitoan se y‌h 'mahauth‍sav' manaya jata hai.

dharmik utsav ki taiyariyaan

puri mean rathayatra ke lie balaram, shrikrishn v subhadra ke lie alag–alag tin rath banaye jate haian. balabhadr ke rath ko 'paladhvaj' v usaka rang lal evan hara, subhadra ke rath ko 'darpadalan' aur usaka rang evan nila tatha bhagavan jagannath ke rath ko 'nandighosh' kahate haian. isaka rang lal v pila hota hai. rathayatra mean sabase age balabhadr ji ka rath, usake bad bich mean subhadra ji ka rath tatha sabase pichhe bhagavan jagannath ji ka rath hota hai. ashadh ki shukl dvitiy ko tinoan rathoan ko 'sianhadvar' par laya jata hai. snan v vastr pahanane ke bad pratimaoan ko apane–apane rath mean rakha jata hai. ise 'pahondri mahotsav' kahate haian. jab rath taiyar ho jate haian, tab puri ke raja ek palaki mean akar inaki prarthana karate haian tatha pratikatmak roop se rath mandap ko jhadoo se saf karate haian. ise 'chhar pahanara' kahate haian. ab sarvadhik pratikshit v shubh gh di ati hai. dhol, naga doan, turahi tatha shankhadhvani ke bich bhaktagan in rathoan ko khianchate haian. is pavitr dharmik kary ke lie door–door se log pratyek varsh puri mean ate haian. bhavy rath ghumavadar marg par age badhate haian tatha gundich mandir ke pas rukate haian. ye rath yahaan par sat din tak rahate haian. yahaan par suraksha vyavastha kafi chust v durust rakhi jati hai. rathayatra ka vibhinn telivizan chainaloan ke dvara sidha prasaran bhi kiya jata hai. sara shahar shraddhalu bhaktaganoan se khachakhach bhar jata hai. bhagavan jagannath ki is yatra mean shayad hi koee vyakti aisa ho, jo ki sammilit n hota ho.

mukhy mandir ki or purnayatra

ashadh ki dasavian tithi ko rathoan ki mukhy mandir ki or purnayatra prarambh hoti hai. ise 'bahuda yatra' kahate haian. sabhi rathoan ko mandir ke thik samane laya jata hai, parantu pratimaean abhi ek din tak rath mean hi rahati haian. agami din ekadashi hoti hai, is din jab mandir ke dvar devi - devataoan ke lie khol die jate haian, tab inaka shrriangar vibhinn abhooshanoan v shuddh svarn se kiya jata hai. is dharmik kary ko 'sunabesa' kaha jata hai.

yatra ka samapan

as-pas ke darshakoan ke manoranjan ke lie, pratimaoan ki vapasi yatra ke madhy ek hasyapoorn drishy kiya jata hai. mukhy jagannath mandir ke andar ek chhota 'mahalakshmi mandir' bhi hai. aisa dikhaya jata hai ki bhagavati lakshmi isalie kruddh haian, kyoanki unhean yatra mean nahian le jaya gaya. ve bhagavan par kataksh karati haian. prabhu unhean manane ka prayas karate haian v kahate haian ki devi ko sambhavatah unake bhaee balabhadr ke sath baithana shobha nahian deta. pujari v devadasiyaan ise lokagitoan mean prastut karate haian. kruddh devi mandir ko andar se band kar leti haian. parantu shighr hi panditoan ka git unhean prasann kar deta hai. jab mandir ke dvar khol die jate haian tatha sabhi log andar pravesh karate haian. isi ke sath is din ki bhagavan jagannath ki yah atyant adabhut v anoothi yatra harshollas se sampann ho jati hai.