chittaranjan das
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| poora nam | chittaranjan das |
| janm | vikrami sanvat- 1927 (san- 1870), kartik shukhla dvadashi |
| janm bhoomi | kalakatta, pashchim bangal |
| mrityu | 16 joon, san- 1924 |
| mrityu sthan | darjiliang, pashchim bangal |
| abhibhavak | pita- bhuvan mohan das, mata- nishtarini devi |
| pati/patni | shrimati bansati devi[1] |
| mukhy rachanaean | ‘malanch’ aur ‘mala' |
| vishesh yogadan | chittaranjan das eemanadari aur udarata ke pratik the. ye har samay kisi-n-kisi ki madad karate rahate the. inhoanne marane se pahale apane rahane ka ghar bhi ek vasiyatanama banakar dan kar diya tha. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | shri chittaranjan ka sahityik aur rajanitik jivan athyanht gauravapoorn tha. unaki pratibha, tejasvita, mananashilata, vicharashilata, dridhata, vagmita, tyagapriyata adi ka in donoan kshetroan mean b da hi adabhut vikas hua tha. lakhoan rupaye ki ay par lat marakar inhhoanne asahayog-yajn mean saharsh athmahuti de di thi. |
chittaranjan das ko phyar se 'deshabandhu' (desh ke mitr) kaha jata tha. ye mahan rashtravadi tatha prasiddh vidhi-shastri the. inhean suprasiddh bharatiy neta, rajanitijn, vakil, kavi tatha patrakar ke roop mean bhi jana jata tha. chittaranjan das ko pita se hi brahmadharm ki shiksha mili thi. yauvanakal se ye eeshhvar mean avishhvas karane lage the. inake ‘malanch’ aur ‘mala’ namak kavhy se isaka shpashht pata lagata hai, parantu dhire-dhire inaki chittadhara ka pravah badalata gaya. inake ‘anhtaryami’ aur ‘kishor-kishori’ mean shuddh bhaktibhav ki parinati or paripushti ho gayi. antim jivan mean to ye param vaishnav ho gaye the. bhagavan ke shvaroopadarshan ke liye inaka chitt kitana taras raha tha, isaka pata inake nimhnalikhit pad ke anuvad se milata hai. yah deshabanhdhu ka antim pad hai-
lo utar ab jnan-gathariya, sahan nahian hota yah bhar.
sara hi tan kaanp utha hai, chhaya charoan dishi aandhiyara..
vahi sis par mor mukut ho, kar mean ho mohan baansi.
aisi moorati ke darshan ko pran b de haian abhilashi..
lalit tribhang kh de hokar hari ! karo prakash kuanj ka dvar.
ao, ao, paras-mani ! mam vritha ved-vedanht-vichar..
parichay
deshabanhdhu bhakt shri chittaranjan das ka janhm kalakatte mean sanvat 1927 vikrami kartik shukhla dvadashi ko hua tha. inake pita ka nam bhuvan mohan das aur mata ka nam nishtarini devi tha. shri bhuvan mohan das brahm ho gaye the, isase unamean videshi achar-vichar a gaye the; parantu ve the b de hi sadashay, udar kartavhyanishhth, adamhbarahin tatha shvajanavathsal purush. isi prakar nishtarini devi bhi athyanht udar hridaya thian. ve pati ke brahmadharm ka anusaran nahian karati thian. ghar mean jo hiandoo athmiy-shvajanoan ke liye alag rasoee banati thi, usi mean khati thian. khan-pan mean tatha achar-vichar mean pati se mel n khane par bhi ve athyanht pati-bhakta thian. unhhoanne marate samay kaha- "janhm-janhm mean mujhe bhagavan yahi pati aur yahi ‘chitt’ putr dean."[2]
praranbhik jivan
chittaranjan bi. e. pariksha mean uttirn hokar sivil sarvis ki pariksha dene vilayat gaye. parantu usamean ve anuttirn ho gaye. un dinoan shv. dadabhaee nauroji vilayat mean parliyameant ki sadashyata ke liye kh de hue the. unake samarthan mean shri chittaranjan ne kee shthanoan par b di ojasvini vaktritaean di thian. in-jaise pravasi bharatiy chhatroan ki sahayata se dadabhaee parliyameant ke sadashy chun liye gaye; parantu kahate haian ki isi karan aee.si.es. ki pariksha mean chittaranjan ko asaphal hona p da. chittaranjan ki is asaphalata se unake gharavaloan ko khas karake pita ko b da du:kh hua; khyoanki ve us samay rrinagrasht the.
isake bad chittaranjan ne bairishtari padhane ke liye ‘gres-in’ mean pravesh kiya aur usamean uttirn hokar ve bharat laute evan unhhoanne 1893 ee. mean kalakatta haeekort mean pravesh kiya. prasiddh alipur bam-kes mean, jisamean shri aravinhd abhiyukt the, shri chittaranjan ki pratibha ka vishesh prakash hua. shri aravinhd usamean bedag chhoot gaye. shri chittaranjan ki kirti charoan or phail gayi. prasiddh rashhtriy neta shri vipinachanhdr pal tatha kalakatte ki prakhhyat dainik patrika ‘sanhdhhya’ ke samhpadak tejashvi vriddh shri brahmabanhdhav upadhhyay adi ke mukadamoan mean bhi shri chittaranjan ne b di khhyati prapht ki.
shri chittaranjan ka sahityik aur rajanitik jivan athyanht gauravapoorn tha. unaki pratibha, tejasvita, mananashilata, vicharashilata, dridhata, vagmita, tyagapriyata adi ka in donoan kshetroan mean b da hi adabhut vikas hua tha. lakhoan rupaye ki ay par lat marakar inhhoanne asahayog-yajn mean saharsh athmahuti de di thi, yah sabhi janate haian.
eemanadari aur udarata
sansar ke anekoan khhyatanama purush, jo anhyanhy kshetroan mean adarsh mane gaye haian, arthik kshetr mean durbalata ke shikar ho gaye haian. arthalolupata ne b de-b de logoan ko margabhrashht kar diya. parantu deshabanhdhu chittaranjan is kshetr mean bhi sarvatr vijayi rahe. inhhean arthalobh to mano tha hi nahian. inaki eemanadari aur udarata sarvatha adarsh haian. inake pita rrinagrasht hokar divaliya (Insolvent) ho gaye the. kanoon ke aunasar is rrin ka chittaranjan par koee dayithv nahian tha. parantu vriddh pita ke is rrinabhar ko inhhoanne apane oopar le liya aur rupaye hath mean ane par varshoan bad lagabhag 68 hajar rupaye pitri-rrin ke inhhoanne chukaye. inaki is kriya ka jastis phlevar, us samay ke aphishiyal asaini mi. gre mahoday, samasht kanoonajivi samuday tatha samaj par b da hi prabhav p da tha. isi prakar chittaranjan b de danavir the. unaka vishal hriday shranht–khlanht pathikoan ko ashray dene vale paropakar parayan vriksh ki bhaanti doosaroan ke liye sada hi prashtut rahata tha. jis samay ve shvayan arthakashht mean the, us samay bhi dinoan-du:khiyoan aur abhav pi ditoan ke ashray the. unake pita ne apane shesh jivan mean puruliya mean jo makan banaya tha, chittaranjan ki udarata se vah unaki avivahita bahin amala dasagupht ke parichalan mean ‘anathashram’ mean parinat ho gaya tha. isake liye unako masik do hajar rupaye aur vhyay karane p date the. navadvip ke nithyananhd dham tatha matri mandir mean ye sada sahayata karate rahate. pandit kuladaprasanhn mallik bhagavatarathn ne batalaya tha ki ‘nithyananhd–ashram ke liye chittaranjan ne do lakh rupaye diye the. is bat ko unake gharavale bhi nahian janate the.' sanshthaoan mean inhhoanne kitana dan kiya, isaka hisab batana sanbhav nahian hai. shri chittaranjan mean ek visheshata thi. sanshthaoan mean dan karane vale log ajakal bahut milate haian, parantu gupht vhyaktigat sahayata log pray: nahian karate. parantu chittaranjan ko aisi sahayata mean b da ras ata aur ve b di udarata ke sath is ras ka ashvadan kiya karate the. ek bahut b de purush ne inase ek bar kaha- "das baboo ! ap jo asankhhy logoan ko itana dan karate haian, khya ve sabhi dan ke patr haian? apaki udarata se log bahut anuchit labh uthate haian aur ap thage jate haian." das baboo ne hansakar uttar diya- "thik hai, kuchh log aisa labh uthate hoange; par maian kabhi thaga nahian jata. meri jagah ap hote to ap avashhy thage jate; khyoanki apaki aisi bhavana hai. mera to ek-ek paisa bhagavan ki seva mean lagata hai. phir yadi maian patroan ke chunav mean lag jaooanga, to unake dosh-gunoan mean hi mera man ram jayaga; dan ka avasar hi mujhako kaise milega."
- inaki udarata ki kuchh hi batean log jan pate the; khyoanki inake aise dan prachuramatra mean hone par bhi hote the gupht hi. aisi sahashtroan ghatanaoan mean se do-ek yahaan dekhiye-
- ek vidhava garib shtri apani kanhya ke vivah mean sahayata prapht karane ke liye inake pas ayi. inhhoanne poochha- "apake kitane rupaye chahiye?" vidhava ne kaha- "kul sat sau rupaye ki avashhyakata hai, usamean tin sau rupaye to maianne ghar-ghar ghoomakar ikatthe kiye haian." chittaranjan bich mean hi bol uthe- "achhchha, ve tin sau ap apane pas rakhiye, pichhe bhi to kharch lagega, ye sat sau rupaye le jaiye.'
- ek sajhjan ko kisi kary ke liye do sau pachas rupaye ki avashhyakata thi, ve chittaranjan ke pas aye. inhhoanne poochha- ‘kitane ho gaye?’ unhhoanne kaha- 'amuk prasiddh bairishtar mahoday ne pachas rupaye diye haian.' usi kshan ye bol uthe- ‘baki do sau maian dooanga, apako kahian jana nahian p dega.' jab chek diya, tab do sau pachas rupaye ka tha. ukt sajhjan ne kaha- 'do sau pachas rupaye kyoan? inhoanne kaha- ‘ye pachas rupaye jin naukar-chakaroan ne kam kiya hai, unake inam ke liye haian.'
logoan ki sahayata
dumaraanv-kes mean bahut b di rakam inhhean mili thi, par sab-ki-sab dan mean de di gayi. kisi ko rel bha de ke liye, kisi ko karj chukane ke liye, kisi ko kanhya ke vivah ke liye, kisi ko padhaee ya pariksha ke liye, kisi ko boodhe mata-pita ke liye, kisi ko rogi ki dava aur seva-shushrusha ke liye avashhyakata hoti aur sabhi ki avashhyakata chittaranjan ko poorn karani chahiye.
inaki sahayata ka ek tarika yah tha ki jab ye dekhate ki amuk vhyakti abhav mean hai par vah laga nahian, tab use kisi kam se bahar bhej dete aur kharch ke liye sau-do-sau rupaye de dete; kam hota pandrah-bis rupaye ke kharch ka. vah jab hisab dekar rupaye lautane ata, tab ap suni-anasuni karake ya kam ka bahana banakar aur kahi-kahian to gushsa dikhakar use lauta dete.
chittaranjan das ki virasat
asahayog-anhdolan mean p d jane ke bad inhhean arth ki suvidha nahian rahi thi varan age chalakar inhhean arthakashht ho gaya tha. parantu us samay bhi ye jaise-taise seva karane se nahian chookate the. mrithyu ke kuchh dinoan poorv inhhoanne apani aangoothi bechakar ek kanhya ki vidhava mata ko usake vivah ke liye chh: so rupaye diye the. yahaan tak ki marane se pahale apane rahane ka ghar bhi ek vasiyatanama banakar dan kar diya tha. shart thi ki ‘makan-jamin bechakar pahale rrin chukaya jay aur bachi huee rakam se- 1. mandir-nirman- (moorti ki shthapana aur usaki dainik aur samayik seva ki vhyavashtha), 2. bharat-nari ki shiksha, 3. hiandoo-balakoan ko dharmik shiksha, 4. matrimandir ki shthapana aur 5. daridr tatha du:khi bharatavasiyoan ki sahayata athava anhy koee aisa hi kary- ye kam kiye jayan. shri vidhanachanhdr ray, shri nirmalachanhdr chanhdr, shri tulasi chanhdr goshvami, shri sathyamohan ghoshal aur shri naliniranjan sarakar is vasiyat ke trashti banaye gaye the. is prakar ye tan, man, dhan, parijan, pratishhtha, gharadvar- sabhi kuchh bhagavan ke arpan karake sachhche phakir ban gaye the.
paramadham yatra
san 1924 ki ta. 16 joon mangalavar ko darjiliang mean is mahan bhakt ne paramadham ki yatra ki.[2]
sanbandhit lekh
- ↑ yogiraj shrikrishn |lekhak: lala lajapataray |anuvadak: mastar haridvari sianh bedil |prakashak: vijayakumar govindaram hasanand, dilli |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 14 |
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 pustak- bhakt charitaank | prakashak- gita pres, gorakhapur | vikrami sanvat- 2071 (varsh-2014) | prishth sankhya- 795
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj