gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
gyarahavaan prakaran
arthath ‘’jisane vidya ( jnan ) aur avidya ( karm ) donoan ko ek doosari ke sath jan liya, vah avidya ( karmoan ) se mrithyu ko arthath nashavanht maya-srishti ke prapanch ko ( bhali-bhaanti ) par kar, vidya ( brahmajnan ) se amritathv ko prapht kar leta hai.’’ is manhtr ka yahi shpashht aur saral arth hai. aur yahi arth, vidya ko ‘sanbhooti’ ( jagath ka adi karan ) evan usase bhinhn avidya ko ‘asanbhooti‘ ya ‘vinash’ ye doosare nam de kar isake age ke tin manhtroan mean phir se duharaya gaya hai[1]. isase vhyakht hota hai, ki samoocha eeshavashyopanishad vidya aur avidya ka ekakalin ( ubhayan sah ) samuchhchay pratipadan karata hai. ullikhit mantr mean ‘vidya’ aur ‘avidya’ shabhdoan ke saman hi mrithyu aur amrit shabhd parashpar pratiyogi haian. inamean amrit shabhd se ‘avinashi brahm’ arth pragat hai, aur isake viparit mrithyu shabhd se ‘nashavanht mrithyulok ya aihik sansar’ yah arth nishhpanhn hota hai. ye donoan shabhd isi arth mean rrighved ke nasadiy sookht mean aye haian[2]. vidya adi shabhdoan ke ye saral arth le kar ( arthath vidya=jnan, avidya=karm, amrit=brahm aur mrithyu=mrithyulok. aisa samajh kar) yadi eeshavashy ke ullikhit ghyarahavean mantr ka arth karean: to dekh p dega ki is mantr ke pahale charan mean vidya aur avidya ka ekakalin samuchhchay varnit hai, aur isi bat ko dridh karane ke liye doosare charan mean in donoan mean se pratyek ka juda juda phal batalaya hai. eeshavashyopanishad ko ye donoan phal ishht haian, aur isi liye is upanishad mean jnan aur karm donoan ka ek kalin samuchchay pratipadit hua hai. mrithyulok ke prapanch ko achhchhi riti se chalane ya usase bhali-bhaanti par p dane ko hi gita mean ‘lokasangrah’ nam diya gaya hai. yah sach hai ki moksh prapht karana manushhy ka karttavhy hai; paranhtu usake sath hi sath use lokasangrah karana bhi avashhyak hai. isi se gita ka siddhanht hai, ki jnani purush lokasangrahakarak karm n chho de aur yahi siddhanht shabhd-bhed se ‘’avidyaya mrithyuan tirthva vidyayaamritamashhnute’’ is ullikhit mantr mean a gaya hai. isase pragat hoga, ki gita upanishadoan ko pak de hi nahian hai, pathyut eeshavashyopanishad mean shpashhtataya varnit arth hi gita mean vishtar sahit pratipadit hua hai. eeshavashyopanishad jis vajasaneyi sanhita mean hai, usi vajaseneyi sanhita ka bhag shatapath brahman hai. is shatapath brahman ke aranayak mean brihadaranhyakopanishad aya hai, jisamean eeshavashy ka yah navaan mantr aksharash: le liya hai, ki ‘’kori vidya ( brahmajnan ) mean maghn mean rahanevale purush adhik aandhere mean ja p date haian’’[3]. |
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj