gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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gyarahavaan prakaran
saraansh, yahi paksh gita mean sarvothtam thaharaya gaya hai, ki moksh-prapti ke liye yadyapi karm ki avashhyakata nahian hai, tathapi usake sath hi sath doosare karanoan ke liye-arthath, ek to aparihary samajh kar, aur doosare jagath ke dharan-poshan ke liye avashhyak man kar-nishhkam buddhi se sadaiv samasht karmoan ko karate rahana chahiye; athava gita ka antim mat aisa hai, ki ‘’kritabudvishu kartar: kartrishu brahmavadin:’’[1]manu, ke is vachan ke anusar kartrithv aur brahmajnan ka yog ya mel hi sab mean uthtam hai, aur nira kartrithv ya kora brahmajnan prathyek ekadeshiy hai. vashtav mean yah prakaran yahian samapht ho gaya. paranhtu yah dikhalane ke liye, ki gita ka siddhanht shruti-shmriti-pratipadit hai, oopar bhinhn-bhinhn shthanoan par jo vachan uddhrit kiye haian, unake samhbanhdh mean kuchh kahana avashhyak hai. khyoanki upanishadoan par jo samhpradayik bhashhy haian, unase bahuteroan ki yah samajh ho gee hai, ki samasht upanishad sannhyasapradhan ya nivrittipradhan haian. hamara yah kathan nahian ki upanishadoan mean sannhyasamarg hai hi nahian. brahadaranayakopanishad mean kaha hai; - yah anubhav ho jane par, ki parabrahm ke siva aur koee vashtu sathy nahian hai ‘’ kuchh jnani purush putraishana aur lokaishana ki parava n kar, ‘hamean sanhtati se khya kam? sansar hi hamara athma hai’ yah kah kar ananhd se bhiksha maangate hue ghoomate haian’’[2]. paranhtu brihadaranhyak mean yah niyam kahian nahi likha ki samasht brahmajnaniyoan ko yahi paksh shvikar karana chahiye. aur khya kahean; jise yah upadesh kiya gaya, usaka isi upanishad mean varnan hai,ki vah janak raja brahmajnan ke shikhar par pahuanch kar amrit ho gaya tha. paranhtu yah kahian nahian batalaya hai, usane yajnavalhkhy ke saman jagath ko chho d kar sannhyas le liya. isase shpashht hota hai, ki janak ka nishhkam karmamarg aur yajnavalhkhy ka karm-sannhyas-donoan-bahadaranayakopanishad ko vikalhp roop se samhmat hai aur vedanhtasootr-karthta ne bhi yahi anuman kiya hai[3]. kathopanishad isase bhi age badh gaya hai. paanchavean prakaran mean ham yah dikhala aye haian ki hamare mat mean, kathopanishad mean nishhkam karmayog hi pratipady hai. chhanhdopanishad[4] mean yahi arth pratipady hai, aur anht mean shpashht kah diya hai, ki ‘’guru se adhhyayan kar, phir kadamhb mean rah kar dharm se bartanevala jnani purush brahmalok ko jata hai, vahaan se phir nahian lautata.’’ taittiriy tatha shhvetashhvar upanishadoan ke isi arth ke vakhy oopar diye gaye haian[5]. isake siva, yah bhi dhhyan dene yoghy bat hai, ki upanishhjnadoan mean jin jin ne doosaroan ko brahmajnan ka upadesh kiya hai. |
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