gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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gyarahavaan prakaran
isaliye gita ka antim siddhanht hai, ki shmritigranhthoan ki ashram-vhyavashtha ka aur nishhkam karmayog ka virodh nahian. samhbhav hai is vivechan se kuchh logoan ki kadachit aisi samajh ho jay, ki sannhyasadharm ke sath karmayog ka mel karane ka jo itana b da udyog gita mean kiya gaya hai, usaka karan yah hai ki shmart ya sannhyas dharm prachin hoga aur karmayog usake bad ka hoga. paranatu itihas ki drishti se vichar karane par koee bhi jan sakega ki sachhchi sthiti aisi nahian haian. yah pahale hi kah aye haian, ki vaidik dharm ka athyanht prachin shvaroop karmakandathmak hi tha. age chalakar upanishadoan ke jnan se karmakanhd ko gonata prapht hone lagi or karmathyagaroopi sannhyas dhire-dhire prachar mean ane laga. yah vaidik dharm-vriksh ki vriddhi ki doosari sidhi hai. paranhtu aise samay mean bhi, upanishadoan ke jnan ka karmakanhd se mel milakar, janak prabhriti jnata purush apane karm nishhkam buddhi se jivan bhar kiya karate the- arthath kahana chahiye, ki vaidik dharm-vritht ki yah doosari sidhi do prakar ki thi- ek janak adi ki, aur doosari yajnavalhkhy prabhriti ki. samart ashram-vhyavashtha isase agali arthath tisari sidhi hai. doosari sidhi ke saman tisari ke bhi do bhed haian. shmritiganhthoan mean karmathyagaroop chauthe ashram ki mahathta gaee to avashhy gee hai, par usake sath hi janak adi ke jnanayukht karmayog ka bhi-usako sannhyas ashram ka vikalhp samajhakar-shmritipranetaoan ne varnan kiya hai. udaharanarth, sab shmritigranhthoan mean moolabhoot manushmriti ko hi lijiye; is shmriti ke chhathe adhhyay mean kaha hai, ki manushhy brahmachary, grihashthhy aur vanaprashth ashramoan se chadhata chadhata karmathyagaroop chautha ashram le. paranhtu sannhyas ashram arthath yatidharm ka niroopan samapht hone par manu ne pahale yah prashtavana ki, ki ‘’yah yatiyoan ka arthath sannhyasiyoan ka dharm batalaya, ab ved-sannhyasikoan ka karmayog kahate haian’’ aur phir yah batala kar ki anhy ashramoan ki apeksha grihashthashram hi shreshhth kaise hai, unhhian ne sannhyas ashram ya yatidharm ko vaikalpik man nishhkam garhasathhyavritti ke karmayog ka varnan kiya hai[1]; aur age barahavean adhhyay mean use hi ‘’vaidik karmayog’’ nam de kar kaha hai, ki yah marg bhi chaturth ashram ke saman hi ni:shreyashkar arthath mokshaprad hai[2]. manu ka yah siddhanht yajnavalhkhy-shmriti mean bhi aya hai. is shmriti ke tisare adhhyay mean yatidharm ka niroopan ho chukane par ‘athava’ pad ka prayog karake likha hai, ki age jnananishhth aur sathyavadi grihashth bhi ( sannhyas n le kar ) mukti pata hai[3]. isi prakar yashk ne bhi apane nirakht mean likha hai, ki karm chho danevale tapasviyoan aur jnanayukht karm karane vale karmayogiyoan ko devayan gati prapt hoti hai[4]. isake atirikht, is vishay mean doosara praman dharmasootrakaroan ka hai. ye dharmasootr gady mean haian aur vidvanoan ka mat hai ki shhloanko mean rachi gayi shmritiyoan se ye purane hogean. is samay hamean yah nahian dekhana hai, ki yah mat sahi hai ya galat. chahe vah sahi ho ya galat; is prasang par mukhhy bat yah hai, ki oopar manu aur yajnavalhkhy-shmritiyoan ke vachanoan mean grih- shthashram ya karmayog ka jo mahathv dikhaya gaya hai usase bhi adhik mahathv dhamasootroan mean varnit hai. |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
| prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj