gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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navaan prakaran
atev upanishadoan mean jahaan jahaan avyakt arthat netroan se n dikhaee dene vale paramatma ki (chintan,manan, dhyan) upasana bataee gee hai, vahaan vahaan avyakt parameshvar sagun hi kalpit kiya gaya hai. paramatma mean kalpit kiye gaye gun upasak ke adhikaranusar nyoonadhik vyapak ya sattvik rahate haian; aur jisaki jaisi nishtha ho usako vaisa hi phal milata hai. chhaandogyopanishad [1] mean kaha hai, ki ‘purush kratumay hai, jisaka jaisa kratu (nishchay) ho, use mrityu ke pashhchat vesa hi phal bhi milata hai,’ aur bhagavadgita bhi kahati hai -‘devataoan ki bhakti karane vale devataauan mean aur pitaroan ki bhakti karane vale pitaroan mean ja milate haian’[2] athava ‘yo yachchhraddhah s ev sah’ -jisaki jaisi shraddha ho use vaisi hi siddhi prapt hoti hai[3]. tatpary hai, ki upasak ke adhikar -bhed ke anusar upasy avyakt paramatma ke gun bhi upanishadoan mean bhinn bhinn kahe gaye haian. upanishadoan ke is prakaranako ‘vidya’ kahate haian. vidya eeshvar-prapti ka (upasanaroop) marg hai aur yah marg jis prakaran mean batalaya gaya hai use bhi ‘vidya’ hi nam diya jata hai. shaandilyavidya [4], purushavidya [5], paryakavidya[6], pranopasana [7]ityadi anek prakar ki upasanaoan ka varnan upanishadoan mean kiya gaya hai; aur in sabaka vivechan vedantasootroan ke tritiyadhyay ke tisare pad mean kiya gaya hai. is prakaran mean avyakt paramatma ka sagun varnan is prakar hai ki vah manomay, pranasharir, bharoop, satyasankalp, akashatma, sarvakarma, sarvakam, sarvagandh aur sarvaras hai [8]. taitiriy upanishad mean to ann, pran, man, jnan ya anand - in roopoan mean bhi paramatma ki badhati huee upasana batalaee gee hai[9]. brihadaranayak [10]mean gargy balaki ne ajatashatru ko pahale pahal adity, chandr, vidyut, akash, vayu, agni, jal ya disha mean rahane vale purushoan ki brahmaroop upasana batalaee hai; parantu age ajatashatru ne usase yah kaha ki sachcha brahm inake bhi pare hai, aur ant mean pranopasana hi ko mukhy thaharaya hai. itane hi se yah parampara kuchh poori nahian ho jati. uparyukt sab brahmaroopoan ko pratik, arthat in sab ko upasana ke liye kalpit gaun brahmasvaroop, athava brahmanidarshak chihn kahate haian; aur jab yahi gaunaroop kisi moorti ke roop mean netroan ke samane rakha jata hai tab usi ko ‘pratima’ kahate haian. parantu smaran rahe ki sab upanishadoan ka siddhant yahi hai, ki sachcha brahmasvaroop isase bhinn hai [11]. is brahm ke lakshanoan ka varnan karate samay kahian to ‘‘satyan jnanamanantan brahm’’ [12] ya ‘vijnanamanandan brahm’ [13] kaha hai; aur kahian ‘sachchidanandaroop’ kah kar arthat brahm saty (sat), jnan (chit) aur anandaroop hai, is prakar sab gunoan mean samavesh karake varnan kiya gaya hai. aur any sthanoan mean bhagavadgita ke saman hi, paraspar viruddh gunoan ko ekatr kar brahm ka varnan is prakar kiya gaya hai, ki ‘brahm sat bhi nahian aur asat bhi nahian’[14] athava ‘anoraniyanmahato mahiyanh’ arthat anu se bhi chhota aur b de se bhi b da hai[15], |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 3.14.1
- ↑ gi. 9.25
- ↑ 17.3
- ↑ chhaan.3.14
- ↑ chhaan.3.16,17
- ↑ kaushi.1
- ↑ kaushi. 2
- ↑ chhan. 3.14.2
- ↑ tai.2.1-5;3. 2-6
- ↑ 2.1
- ↑ ken.1.2-8
- ↑ taitti.2.1
- ↑ bri.3.9.28
- ↑ rri.10.129.1
- ↑ kath. 2.20
sanbandhit lekh
| prakaran | nam | prishth sankhya |
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj