gita rahasy athava karmayog shastr -bal gangadhar tilak
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athavaan prakaran
saankhyashastr mean sirph yahi kaha hai ki, sookshm tanmatroan se ‘sthool panchamahabhoot’ athava ‘vishesh’ gun-parinam ke karan, utpann hue haian. parantu vedantashastr ke granthoan mean is vishay ka adhik vivechan kiya gaya hai isaliye prasanganusar usaka bhi sankshipht varnan - is soochana ke sath ki yah vedantashastr ka mat hai, saankhyoan ka nahian- kar dena avashyak jan p data hai. ‘sthool prithvi, pani, tej, vayu aur akash’ ko panchamahabhoot athava vishesh kahate haian. inaka utpatti-kram taitiriyopanishad mean is prakar haiah-‘‘atmanahakashahsanbhootah. akashadvayuah. vayoragni:. agrerapah. adbhy: prithivi. prithivya oshadhayah. i.’’[1]-arthat pahale paramatma se j d moolaprakriti se nahian, jaisa ki saankhyavadiyoan ka kathan hai akash, akash se vayu, vayu se agni, agni se pani, aur phir pani se prithvi uthpanhn huee hai. taitiriyopanishad mean yah nahian batalaya gaya ki is kram ka karan kya hai. parantu pratit hota hai ki, uttar-vedantagranthoan mean panchamahabhootoan ke utpatti kram ke karanoan ka vichar, saankhyashastrokt gun-parinam ke tattv par hi, kiya gaya hai. in uttar vedantiyoan ka yah kathan hai ki, ‘gunaguneshu vartante’ is nyay se, pahale ek hi gun ka padarth uthpanhn hua, usase do gunoan ke aur phir tin gunoan ke padarth utpann hue, evan isi prakar vriddhi hoti gee. panchamahabhootoan mean se akash ka pradhan gun keval shabd hi hai, isaliye pahale akash utpann hua. isake bad vayu ki utpatti huee; kyoanki, usamean shabd aur sparsh do gun haian. jab vayu jor se chalati hai tab usaki avaj sun p dati hai aur hamari sparshendriy ko bhi usaka jnan hota hai. vayu ke bad agni ki utpatti hoti hai; kyoanki shabd aur sparsh ke atirikt usamean tisara gun, rooph, bhi hai. in tinoan guno ke sath hi sath pani mean chautha gun ruchi ya ras, hota hai isaliye usaka pradurbhav agni ke bad hi hona chahiye; aur aant mean, in charoan gunoan ki apeksha prithvi mean ‘gandh’ gun vishesh hone se yah siddh kiya gaya hai ki, pani ke bad hi prithvi utpann huee hai. yaskachary ka yahi siddhant hai[2]. taitiriyopanishad mean age chal kar varnan kiya gaya hai ki, ukt kram se sthool panchamahabhootoan ki utpatti ho chukane par -‘‘prithivya oshadhayah. oshdhabhyioannam. annatpurushah.’’ - prithvi se vanaspati, vanaspati se anhn, aur ann se purush utpann hua [3]. yah srishti panchamahabhootoan ke mishran se banati hai isaliye is mishran-kriya ko vedant-granthoan mean ‘panjikaran’ kahate haian. panjikaran ka arth ‘‘panchamahabhootoan mean se pratyek ka nyoonadhik bhag le kar sab ke mishran se kisi naye padarth ka banana’’ hai. yah panjikaran, svabhavatah anek prakar ka ho sakata hai. shri samarth ramadas svami ne apane ‘dasabodh’ mean jo varnan kiya hai vah bhi isi bat ko siddh karata hai. dekhiyeah-‘‘kala aur saphed milane se nila banata hai aur kala aur pila milane se hara banata hai [4]. prithvi mean anant koti bijoan ki jatiyaan hoti haian; prithvi aur pani ka mel hone par un bijoan se aankur nikalate haian. anek prakar ki belean hoti haian; patr-pushp hote haian, aur anek prakar ke svadisht phal hote haian. |
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