कुम्भनदास

kumbhanadas
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poora nam	kumbhanadas
janm	sanvat 1525 vikrami (1468 ee.)
janm bhoomi	jamunavato gram, govardhan, mathura
mrityu	sanvat 1639 vikrami (1582)
mrityu sthan	govardhan
santan	sat putr
karm bhoomi	mathura
mukhy rachanaean	kumbhanadas ke padoan ki kul sankhya, jo 'rag-kalpadrum', 'rag-ratnakar' tatha sampraday ke kirtan-sangrahoan mean milate haian, 500 ke lagabhag haian.
bhasha	brajabhasha
prasiddhi	ashtachhap ke kavi tatha shrinath ji ke sevak.
nagarikata	bharatiy
sanbandhit lekh	ashtachhap kavi, vallabhachary, shrikrishn, govardhan, mathura
diksha guru	vallabhachary
any janakari	kumbhanadas bhagavatkripa ko hi sarvopari manate the, b de-se-b de ghareloo sankat mean bhi ve apane astha-path se kabhi vichalit nahian hue. shrinath ji ke shrriangar sambandhie padoan ki rachana mean unaki vishesh abhiruchi thi.

kumbhanadas ashtachhap ke kavi aur paramanand das ke samakalin the. ye poore virakt aur dhan, man, maryada ki ichchha se kosoan door the. ye moolat: kisan the. 'ashtachhap' ke kaviyoan mean sabase pahale kumbhanadas ne mahaprabhu vallabhachary se diksha li thi. 'pushtimarg' mean dikshit hone ke bad ye shrinath ji ke mandir mean kirtan kiya karate the. ye kisi se dan nahian lete the. inhean madhurabhav ki bhakti priy thi aur inake rache hue lagabhag 500 pad upalabdh haian.

parichay

anumanat: kumbhanadas ji ka janm govardhan, mathura ke sannikat jamunavato namak gram mean sanvat 1525 vikrami (1468 ee.) mean chaitr krishn ekadashi ko hua tha. ve gorava kshatriy the. unake pita ek sadharan shreni ke vyakti the. kheti karake jivika chalate the. kumbhanadas ne bhi paitrik vritti mean hi astha rakhi aur kisani ka jivan hi unhean achchha laga. parasoli mean vishesh roop se kheti ka kary chalata tha. unhean paise ka abhav ajivan khatakata raha, par unhoanne kisi ke samane hath nahian pasara. bhagavadbhakti hi unaki sampatti thi. unaka kutumb bahut b da tha, kheti ki ay se usaka palan karate the. parivar mean inaki patni ke atirikt sat putr, sat putr-vadhuean aur ek vidhava bhatiji thi.

diksha

kumbhanadas param bhagavadbhakt, adarsh grihasth aur mahan virakt the. ve ni:sprit, tyagi aur mahasantoshi vyakti the. unake charitr ki vishisht, alaukikata yah thi ki bhagavan sakshat prakat hokar unake sath sakha bhav ki kri daean karate the. mahaprabhu vallabhachary ji unake diksha-guru the. sanvat 1550 vikrami (1493 ee.) mean achary ki govardhan yatra ke samay unhoanne brahmasambandh liya tha. unake diksha-kal ke pandrah sal poorv shrinath ji ki moorti prakat huee thi, achary ki ajna se ve shrinath ji ki seva karane lage the. 'pushtimarg' mean dikshit tatha shrinath ji ke mandir mean kirtanakar ke pad par niyukt hone par bhi unhoanne apani vritti nahian chho di aur ant tak nirdhanavastha mean apane parivar ka bharan-poshan karate rahe.

shrinath ji ki seva v gayan

shrinath ji ke mandir mean kumbhanadas nity naye pad gakar sunane lage. 'pushti sampraday' mean sammilit hone par unheanan kirtan ki hi seva di gayi thi. kumbhanadas bhagavatkripa ko hi sarvopari manate the, b de-se-b de ghareloo sankat mean bhi ve apane astha-path se kabhi vichalit nahian hue. shrinath ji ke shrriangar sambandhie padoan ki rachana mean unaki vishesh abhiruchi thi. ek bar vallabhachary ji ne unake yugal lila sambandhi pad se prasann hokar kaha tha ki- "tumhean to nikuanj lila ke ras ki anubhooti ho gayi." kumbhanadas mahaprabhu ki kripa se gadgad hokar bol uthe ki- "mujhe to isi ras ki nitant avashyakata hai."

mahaprabhu vallabhachary ke lila-pravesh ke bad kumbhanadas gosaeean vittalanath ke sanrakshan mean rahakar bhagavan ka lila-gan karane lage. vitthalanath maharaj ki un par b di kripa thi. ve man-hi-man unake nirlobh jivan ki sarahana kiya karate the. sanvat 1602 vikrami mean 'ashtachhap ke kaviyoan' mean unaki ganana huee. b de-b de raja-maharaja adi kumbhanadas ka darshan karane mean apana saubhagy manate the. vrindavan ke b de-b de rasik aur sant mahatma unake satsang ki utkrisht ichchha kiya karate the. unhoanne bhagavadbhakti ka yash sada akshunn rakha, arthik sankat aur dinata se use kabhi kalankit nahian hone diya.

bhagavan shrinath se sneh

ek bar shrivitthalanath ji unhean apani dvaraka yatra mean sath le jana chahate the, unaka vichar tha ki vaishnavoan ki bheant se unaki arthik paristhiti sudhar jayagi. kumbhanadas shrinath ji ka viyog ek pal ke liye bhi nahian sah sakate the, par unhoanne gosaeean ji ki ajna ka virodh nahian kiya. ve gosaeean ji ke sath apsara kund tak hi gaye the ki shrinath ji ke sauandary smaran se unake aang-aang sihar uthe, bhagavan ki madhur-madhur mand muskan ki jyotsna virah-andhakar mean thirak uthi, madhuryasamrat nandanandan ki virah vedana se unaka hriday ghayal ho chala. unhoanne shrinath ji ke viyog mean ek pad gaya-

kete din ju ge binu dekhaian.
tarun kisor rasik nandanandan, kachhuk uthati mukh rekhaian..
vah sobha, vah kaanti badan ki, kotik chand bisekhaian.
vah chitavan, vah has manohar, vah natavar bapu bhekhaian..
syam suandar sang mili khelan ki avati hiye apekhaian.
‘kuanbhanadas’ lal giridhar binu jivan janam alekhaian..

shrigosaeean ji ke hriday par unake is virah git ka b da prabhav p da. ve nahian chahate the ki kumbhanadas pal bhar ke liye bhi shrinath ji se alag rahean. kumbhanadas ko unhoanne lauta diya. shrinath ji ka darshan karake kumbhanadas svasth hue.

akabar ke samaksh gayan

ek bar mugal badashah akabar ki rajasabha mean ek gayak ne kumbhanadas ka pad gaya. badashah ne us pad se akrisht hokar kumbhanadas ko fatehapur sikari bulaya. pahale to kumbhanadas jana nahian chahate the, par sainik aur dootoan ka vishesh agrah dekhakar ve paidal hi gaye. shrinath ji ke sabha sadasy ko akabar ka aishvary do kau di ka laga. kumbhanadas ki pag di phati huee thi, taniya maili thi, ve atmoglaini mean doob rahe the ki kis pap ke phalasvaroop unhean inake samane upasthit hona p da. badashah ne unaki b di avabhagat ki, par kumbhanadas ko to aisa laga ki kisi ne unako narak mean lakar kh da kar diya hai. ve sochane lage ki rajasabha se to kahian uttam braj hai, jisamean svayan shrinath ji khelate rahate haian, anekoan kri daean karate rahate haian. akabar ne pad gane ki prarthana ki. kumbhanadas to bhagavan shrikrishn ke aishvary-madhury ke kavi the, unhoanne pad-gan kiya-

bhagat ko kaha sikari kam.
avat jat panhaiyaan tootian, bisari gayo harinam..
jako mukh dekhaian dukh lagai, tako karano parh‌yo pranam.
‘kuanbhanadas’ lal giridhar binu aur sabai bekam..

badashah sahriday the, unhoanne adarapoorvak unako ghar bhej diya.

manasianh dvara sarahana

sanvat 1620 vikrami mean maharaj manasianh braj aye the. unhoanne vrindavan ke darshan ke bad govardhan ki yatra ki. shrinath ji ke darshan kiye. us samay mridang aur vina ke sath kumbhanadas ji kirtan kar rahe the. raja manasianh unaki pad-gan shaili se bahut prabhavit hue. ve unase milane jamunavato gaye. kumbhanadas ki din-hin dasha dekhakar ve chakit ho uthe. kumbhanadas bhagavan ke roop-chintan mean dhyanasth the. aankh khulane par unhoanne bhatiji se asan aur darpan maange, uttar mila ki ‘asan (ghas) p diya kha gayi, darpan (pani) bhi pi gayi.'

ashay yah tha ki pani mean mukh dekhakar ve tilak karate the. maharaja manasianh ko unaki nirdhanata ka pata lag gaya. unhoanne sone ka darpan dena chaha, bhagavan ke bhakt ne asvikar kar diya, moharoan ki thaili deni chahi, vishvapati ke sevak ne usaki upeksha kar di. chalate samay manasianh ne jamanuvato gaanv kumbhanadas ke nam karana chaha, par unhoanne kaha ki "mera kam to karil ke pe d aur ber ke vriksh se hi chal jata hai." raja manasianh ne unaki ni:sprihata aur th‍yag ki sarahana ki, unhoanne kaha ki "maya ke bhakt to maianne bahut dekhe haian, par vastavik bhagavadbhakt to ap hi haian."

sharir tyag

vriddhavastha mean bhi kumbhanadas nity jamunavato se shrinath ji ke darshan ke liye govardhan aya karate the. ek din sankarshan kundi par anyodar ke nikat ve thahar gaye. 'ashtachhap' ke prasiddh kavi chaturbhujadas ji, unake chhote putr sath the. unhoanne chaturbhujadas se kaha ki "ab ghar chalakar kya karana hai. kuchh samay bad sharir hi chhootane vala hai." gosaeean vitthalanath ji unake dehavasan ke samay upasthit the. gosaeean ji ne poochha ki "is samay man kis lila mean laga hai?" kumbhanadas ne kaha- lal teri chitavan chitahi churavai aur isake anantar yugal svaroop ki chhavi ke dhyan mean pad gaya-

"rasikani ras mean rahat g di.
kanak beli brishabhanunandini syam tamal chadhi..
biharat shrigiridharan lal sang, kone path padhi.
‘kuanbhanadas’ prabhu gobaradhanadhar rati ras keli badhi.."

unhoananne sharir chho d diya. gosaeean ji ne karun svar se shraddhaanjali arpit ki ki aise bhagavadiy antardhan ho gaye. ab prithvi par sachche bhagavadbhaktoan ka tirodhan hone laga hai. vastav mean kumbhanadas ji ni:sprihata ke pratik the, tyag aur tapasya ke adarsh the, param bhagavadiy aur sidhe-sade grihasth the. sanvat 1639 vikrami tak ve ek sau terah sal ki umr paryant jivit rahe.

rachanayean

• kumbhanadas ke padoan ki kul sankhya jo 'rag-kalpadrum' 'rag-ratnakar' tatha sampraday ke kirtan-sangrahoan mean milate haian, 500 ke lagabhag haian. in padoan ki sankhya adhik hai.
• janmashtami, radha ki badhaee, palana, dhanateras, govardhanapooja, inhadramanabhang, sankranti, malhar, rathayatra, hiandola, pavitra, rakhi vasant, dhamar adi ke pad isi prakar ke hai.
• krishnalila se sambaddh prasangoan mean kumbhanadas ne gochar, chhap, bhoj, biri, rajabhog, shayan adi ke pad rache haian jo nityaseva se sambaddh haian.
• inake atirikt prabhuroop varnan, svamini roop varnan, dan, man, asakti, surati, suratant, khandita, virah, murali rukminiharan adi vishayoan se sambaddh shrriangar ke pad bhi hai.

• kumbhanadas ne gurubhakti aur guru ke parijanoan ke prati shraddha prakat karane ke lie bhi anek padoan ki rachana ki. achary ji ki badhaee, gusaeean ji ki badhaee, gusaeean ji ke palana adi vishayoan se sambaddh par isi prakar ke haian. kumbhanadas ke padoan ke uparyukt varnan se spasht hai ki inaka drishtikon soor aur paramanand ki apeksha adhik sampradayik tha. kavitt ki drishti se inaki rachana mean koee maulik visheshataean nahian haian. use ham soor ka anukaran matr man sakate haian.
• kumbhanadas ke padoan ka ek sangrah 'kumbhanadas' shirshak se shrividya vibhag, kaankaroli dvara prakashit hua hai.

tika tippani aur sandarbh

[sahayak granth-

1. chaurasi vaishnavan ki varta;
2. ashtachhap aur vallabh sampraday: da. dinadayal gupt:
3. ashtachhap parichay: shriprabhudayal mital.]