akshauhini prachin bharat mean sena ka ek map hua karata tha. mahabharat ke yudgh mean atharah akshauhini sena nasht ho gee thi. mahabharat yuddh ki sena ke manushyoan ki sankhya kam se kam 4681920, gho doan ki sankhya[1] 2715620 aur isi anupat mean gajoan ki sankhya thi. is sankhya se is bat ka sahaj hi anuman lagaya ja sakata hai ki mahabharat ka yuddh kitana vinashakari tha.
akshauhini hi sena sa tada yaudhishthiran balamh .
pravishyantardadhe rajansagaran kunadi yatha ॥[2]
vibhag
kisi bhi akshauhini sena ke char vibhag hote the-
isake pratyek bhag ki sankhya ke aankoan ka kul jama 18 ata hai. ek gho de par ek savar baitha hota tha. hathi par kam se kam do vyaktiyoan ka hona avashyak hai, ek pilavan aur doosara l dane vala yoddha. isi prakar ek rath mean do manushy aur char gho de rahe hoange.[3]
sena ke bhag
ek akshauhini sena nau bhagoan mean bati hoti thi-
- patti - 1 gaj + 1 rath + 3 gho de + 5 paidal sipahi
- senamukh (3 x patti) - 3 gaj + 3 rath + 9 gho de + 15 paidal sipahi
- gulm (3 x senamukh) - 9 gaj + 9 rath + 27 gho de + 45 paidal sipahi
- gan (3 x gulm) - 27 gaj + 27 rath + 81 gho de + 135 paidal sipahi
- vahini (3 x gan) - 81 gaj + 81 rath + 243 gho de + 405 paidal sipahi
- pritana (3 x vahini) - 243 gaj + 243 rath + 729 gho de + 1215 paidal sipahi
- chamoo (3 x pritana) - 729 gaj + 729 rath + 2187 gho de + 3645 paidal sipahi
- anikini (3 x chamoo) - 2187 gaj + 2187 rath + 6561 gho de + 10935 paidal sipahi
- akshauhini (10 x anikini) - 21870 gaj + 21870 rath + 65610 gho de + 109350 paidal sipahi
ek akshauhini sena
is prakar ek akshauhini sena mean hathi, rath, ghu dasavar tatha sipahi ki sena nimnalikhit hoti thi-
- gaj - 21870
- rath - 21870
- ghu dasavar - 65610
- paidal sipahi - 109350
isamean charoan aangoan ke 218700 sainik barabar-barabar bante hue hote the. pratyek ikaee ka ek pramukh hota tha.
- patti, senamukh, gulm tatha gan ke nayak ardharathi hua karate the.
- vahini, pritana, chamu aur anikini ke nayak rathi hua karate the.
- ek akshauhini sena ka nayak atirathi hota tha.
- ek se adhik akshauhini sena ka nayak samanyatah ek maharathi hua karata tha.[3]
paandavoan ki sena
paandavoan ke pas (7 akshauhini sena)-
- 153090 rath
- 153090 gaj
- 459270 ashv
- 765270 paidal sainik
kauravoan ki sena
kauravoan ke pas (11 akshauhini sena)-
- 240570 rath
- 240570 gaj
- 721710 gho de
- 1202850 paidal sainik
prachin kal ki chaturangini sena
prachin bharat mean sena ke char aang hote the-hathi, gho de, rath aur paidal. jis sena mean ye charoan aang hote the, vah chaturangini sena kahalati thi.
mahabharat ke adiparv aur sabhaparv anusar
- akshauhini sena mean kitane paidal, gho de, rath aur hathi hote hai? isaka hamean yatharth varnan sunaiye, kyoanki apako sab kuchh jnat hai[4]
- ugrashravaji ne kaha- ek rath, ek hathi, paanch paidal sainik aur tin gho de-bas, inhian ko sena ke marmajn vidvanoan ne 'patti' kaha hai॥[5]
- is patti ki tiguni sankhya ko vidvan purush 'senamukh' kahate haian. tin 'senamukho' ko ek 'gulm' kaha jata hai॥[6]
- tin gulm ka ek 'gan' hota hai, tin gan ki ek 'vahini' hoti hai aur tin vahiniyoan ko sena ka rahasy janane vale vidvanoan ne 'pritana' kaha hai.[7]
- tin pritana ki ek 'chamoo' tin chamoo ki ek 'anikini' aur das anikini ki ek 'akshauhini' hoti hai. yah vidvanoan ka kathan hai.[8]
- shreshth brahmano! ganit ke tattvajn vidvanoan ne ek akshauhini sena mean rathoan ki sankhya ikkis hazar ath sau sattar (21870) batalayi hai. hathiyoan ki sankhya bhi itani hi kahani chahiye.[9]
- nishpap brahmano! ek akshauhini mean paidal manushyoan ki sankhya ek lakh nau hazar tin sau pachas (109350) janani chahiye.[10]
- ek akshauhini sena mean gho doan ki thik-thik sankhya paiansath hazar chh: sau das (65610) kahi gayi hai.[11]
- tapodhano! sankhya ka tattv janane vale vidvanoan ne isi ko akshauhini kaha hai, jise maianne ap logoan ko vistarapoorvak bataya hai.[12]
- shreshth brahmano! isi ganana ke anusar kauravoan-panh davoan donoan senaoan ki sankhya atharah akshauhini thi.[13]
- adbhut karm karane vale kal ki prerana se samantapanchak kshetr mean kauravoan ko nimitt banakar itani senaean ikatthi huee aur vahian nash ko prapt ho gayian.[14]
alaverooni ke anusar
alaverooni ne akshauhini ki pariman-sanbandhi vyakhya is prakar ki hai-
- ek akshauhini mean 10 aantakiniyaan hoti haian.
- ek aantakini mean 3 chamoo hote haian.
- ek chamoo mean 3 pritana hote haian.
- ek pritana mean 3 vahiniyaan hoti haian.
- ek vahini mean 3 gan hote haian.
- ek gan mean 3 gulm hote haian.
- ek gulm mean 3 senamukh hote haian.
- ek senamukh mean 3 pankti hoti haian.
- ek pankti mean 1 rath hota hai.
- shataranj ke hathi ko 'rookh' kahate haian jabaki yoonani ise 'yuddh-rath' kahate haian. isaka avishkar etheans mean 'manakalus'(mirtilos) ne kiya tha aur etheansavasiyoan ka kahana hai ki sabase pahale yuddh ke rathoan par ve hi savar hue the. lekin us samay ke pahale unaka avishkar ephro disiyas (evamev) hindoo kar chuka tha, jab mahapralay ke lagabhag 900 varsh bad misr par usaka rajy tha. un rathoan ko do gho de khianchate the.
- rath mean ek hathi, tin savar aur paanch pyade hote haian.
- yuddh ki taiyari, tanboo tanane aur tanboo ukha dane ke lie uparyukt sabhi ki avashyakata hoti hai.
- ek akshauhini mean 21,870 rath, 21,870 hathi, 65,610 savar aur 109,350 paidal sainik hote haian.
- har rath mean char gho de aur unaka sarathi hota hai jo banoan se susajjit hota hai, usake do sathiyoan ke pas bhale hote haian aur ek rakshak hota hai jo pichhe se sarathi ki raksha karata hai aur ek ga divan hota hai.
- har hathi par usaka hathivan baithata hai aur usake pichhe usaka sahayak jo kursi ke pichhe se hathi ko aankush lagata hai; kursi mean usaka malik dhanush-ban se sajjit hota hai aur usake sath usake do sathi hote haian jo bhale pheankate haian aur usaka vidooshak hauhava (?) hota hai jo yuddh se itar avasaroan par usake age chalata hai.
- tadanusar jo log rathoan aur hathiyoan par savar hote haian unaki sankhya 284,323 hoti hai (evamev ke anusar). jo log ghu dasavar hote haian unaki sankhya 87,480 hoti hai. ek akshauhini mean hathiyoan ki sankhya 21,870 hoti hai, rathoan ki sankhya bhi 21,870 hoti hai, gho doan ki sankhya 153,090 aur manushyoan ki sankhya 459,283 hoti hai.
- ek akshauhini sena mean samast jivadhariyoan- hathiyoan, gho doan aur manushyoan-ki kul sankhya 634,243 hoti hai. atharah akshauhiniyoan ke lie yahi sankhya 11,416,374 ho jati hai arthat 393,660 hathi, 2,755,620 gho de, 8,267,094 manushy.
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ rath mean jute huoan ko laga kar
- ↑ 5.49.19.0.6 udyogaparv, ekonavianshoadhyayah (19) shlok 6
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 akshauhini sena (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 28 mee, 2013.
- ↑ akshauhinya: parimanan narashvarathadantinamh.
yathavachchaiv no broohi sarv hi viditan tav॥ sautiroovach
- ↑ eko ratho gajashchaiko nara: panch padatay:.
trayashch turagastajjhai: pattirityabhidhiyate॥
- ↑ eko ratho gajashchaiko nara: panch padatay:.
pattian tu trigunametamahu: senamukhan budha:.
trini senamukhanyeko gulm ityabhidhiyate॥
- ↑ trayo gulma gano nam vahini tu ganastray:.
smritastistrastu vahiny: pritaneti vichakshanai:॥
- ↑ chamoostu pritanastistrastistrashchamvastvanikini.
anikinian dashagunaan prahurakshauhinian budha:॥
- ↑ akshauhinya: prasankhyata rathanaan dvijasattama:.
sankhya ganitatattvajnai: sahasranyekavianshati:॥
shatanyupari chaivashtau tatha bhooyashch saptati:.
gajanaan ch parimanametadev vinirdisheth॥
- ↑ jneyan shatasahasran tu sahasrani navaiv tu.
naranamapi panchashachchhatani trini chanagha:॥
- ↑ panchashashtisahasrani tathashvanaan shatani ch.
dashottarani shath prahuryathavadih sankhyaya॥
- ↑ etamakshauhinian prahu: sankhyatattvavido jana:.
yaan v: kathitavanasmi vistaren tapodhana:॥
- ↑ etaya sankhyaya hyasanh kurupanh davasenayo:.
akshauhinyo dvijashreshtha: pinh ditashtadashaiv tu॥
- ↑ sametastatr vai deshe tatraiv nidhanan gata:.
kauravanh karanan kritva kalenadbhutakarmana॥
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj