महाभारत भीष्म पर्व अध्याय 38 श्लोक 10-16

ashtatriansh (38) adhyay: bhishm parv (shrimadbhagavadgita parv)

chitr:Prev.png

mahabharat: bhishm parv: ashtatriansh adhyay: shlok 10-16 ka hindi anuvad

shrimadbhagavadgita a‍dhyay 14


he arjun! rajogun aur tamogun ko dabakar sattvagun,[1] sattvagun aur tamogun ko dabakar rajogun,[2] vaise hi sattvagun aur rajogun ko dabakar tamogun[3] hota hai. arthat badhata hai.[4]

sambandh- is prakar any do gunoan ko dabakar pratyek gunoan ke badhane ki bat kahi gayi. ab pratyek gun ki vriddhi ke lakshan janane ki ichchha hone par kramashah sattvagun, rajogun aur tamogun, vriddhi ke lakshan batalaye jate haian- jis samay is deh mean[5] tatha antahkaran aur indriyoan mean chetana aur vivek shakti utpann hoti haian, us samay aisa janana chahiye ki sattvagun badha hai.[6] he arjun! rajogun ke badhane par lobh, pravriti, svarth-buddhi se karmoan ka sakamabhav se arambh, ashaanti aur vishay bhogoan ki lalasa- ye sab utpann hote haian.[7] he arjun! tamogun ke badhane par antahkaran aur indriyoan mean aprakash, kartavy-karmoan mean apravriti aur pramad arthat vyarth cheshta aur nidradi antahkaran ki mohini vrittiyaan- ye sab hi utpann hote haian.[8]-

sambandh- is prakar tinoan gunoan ki vriddhi ke bhinn-bhinn lakshan batalakar ab do shlokoan mean un gunoan mean se kis gun ki vriddhi ke samay marakar manushy kis gati ko prapt hota hai, yah batalaya jata hai- jab yah manushy sattvagun ki vriddhi mean mrityu ko prapt hota hai.[9] tab to uttam karm karane valoan ke nirmal divy svarg adi lokoan ko prapt hota hai. rajogun ke badhane par mrityu ko prapt hokar[10] karmoan ki asakti vale manushyoan mean utpann hota hai tatha tamogun ke badhane par mara hua[11] manushy kit, pashu adi moodhayoniyoan mean utpann hota hai.

sambandh- sattv, raj aur tam- in tinoan gunoan ki vriddhi mean marane ke bhinn-bhinn phal bataye gaye haian ki kis prakar kabhi kisi gun ki aur kabhi kisi gun ki vriddhi kh‍yoan hoti haian is par krishn kahate haian- shreshth karm ka to sattvik arthat sukh, jnan aur vairagyadi nirmal phal kaha hai.[12] rajas karm ka phal duahkh[13] evan tamas karm ka phal ajnan[14] kaha hai. sambandh- gyarahavean, barahavean aur terahavean shlokoan mean sattv, raj aur tamogun ki vriddhi ke lakshan ka kram se varnan kiya gaya is par yah janane ki achchha hoti hai ki ‘jnan’ adi ki utpatti ko sattv adi gunoan ki vriddhi ke lakshan kyoan mana gaya. atev kary ki utpatti se karan ki satta ko jan lene ke liye jnan adi ki utpatti mean sattv adi gunoan ko karan batalate haian.

chitr:Next.png

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. rajogun ke kary lobh, pravritti aur bhogavasanadi tatha tamogun ke kary nidra, alasy aur pramad adi ko dabakar jo sattvagun ka jnan, prakash aur sukh adi ko utpann kar dena hai, yahi rajogun aur tamogun ko dabakar sattvagun badh jana hai.
  2. jis samay sattvagun aur tamogun ki pravriti ko rokakar tamogun apana kary arambh karata hai, us samay sharir, indriy aur antahkaran chanchalata, ashaanti, lobh, bhogavasana aur nana prakar ke karmoan mean pravrit hone ki utkasht ichchha utpann ho jati hai- yahi sattvagun aur pramodagun dabakar rajogun badh jata hai.
  3. jis samay sattvagun aur rajogun ki pravriti ko rokakar tamogun apana kary arambh karata hai, us samay sharir, indriyaan aur antahkaran moh adi badh jate haian aur pramad mean pravriti ho jati hai, vritiyaan vivekashoony ho jati hai- yahi sattvagun aur rajogun ko dabakar tamogun ka badhana hai.
  4. gunoan ki vriddhi mean nimnalikhit das hetu shrimadragavat mean batalayean hai-agamoapah praja deshah kalah karm ch janm ch. dhyanan mantroath sanskaro dashaite gunahetavah..(11/13/10) ‘shastr’ jal, santan, desh, kal, karm, yoni, chintan, mantr aur sanskar- ye das gunoan ke hetu haian arthat gunoan ko badhane vale haian. abhipray yah hai ki upayukt padarth jis gun se yukt hote haian, unaka sang usi gun ko badha deta haian.
  5. abhipray yah hai ki sattvagun ki vriddhi ka avasar manushy-sharir mean hi mil sakata hai aur isi sharir mean sattvagun ki sahayata pakar manushy mukti labh kar sakata hai, doosari yoniyoan mean aisa adhikar prapt nahian haian
  6. sharir mean chetana, halakapan tatha indriy aur antahkaran mean nirmalata aur chetana ki adhikata ho jana hi ‘prakash’ ka utpann hona hai evan saty-asaty tatha kartavy-arkatavy nirnay karane vali vivekashakti ka jagrat ho jana ‘jnan’ ka utpann hona hai. jis samay prakash aur jnan- in donoan ka pradurbhav hota hai, us samay duahkh, shok, chianta, bhay, chanchalata, nidra, alasy aur pramad adi ka abhav sa ho jata hai. us samay manushy ko savadhan hokar apana man bhajan-dhyan mean lagane ki cheshta karani chahiye tabhi sattvagun ki pravriti adhik samay thahar sakati hai anyatha usaki avahelana kar dene se shighr hi tamogun ya rajogun use dabakar apana kary arambh kar sakate haian.
  7. jisake karan manushy pratikshan dhan ki vriddhi ke upay sochata rahata hai, dhan vyay karane ka samuchit avasar prapt hone par bhi usaka tyag nahian karata evan dhanoparjan ke samay kartavy-akartavy ka vivechan chho dakar doosare ke svatv par bhi adhikar jamane ki ichchha ya cheshta karane lagata hai, us dhan ki lalasa ka nam ‘lobh’ hai. nana prakar ke karm karane ke liye manasik bhavoan ka jagrat hona ‘pravriti’ hai. un karmoan ko sakamabhav se karane lagana unaka ‘arambh’ hai. man ki chanchalata ka nam ‘ashaanti’ hai, aur kisi bhi prakar ke saansarik padarthoan ko apane liye avashyak manana ‘spriha’ hai. rajogun ki vriddhi ke samay in lobh adi bhavoan ka pradurbhav hona hi unaka utpann ho jana hai.
  8. manushy indriy aur antahkaran mean dipti ka abhav ho jana hi ‘aprakash’ ka utpann hona haian. koee bhi karm achchha nahian lagata, keval p de rahakar hi samay bitane ki ichchha hona, yah ‘apravriti’ ka utpann hona hai. sharir aur indriyoan dvara vyarth cheshta karate rahana aur kartavyakarm mean avahelana karana, yah ‘pramad’ ka utpann hona hai. man ka mohit ho jana kisi bat ki smriti n rahana tandra, svapr ya sushupti-avastha ka prapt ho jana vivek shakti ka abhav ho jana kisi vishay ko samajhane ki shakti ka n rahana- yahi sab ‘moh’ ka utpann hona hai. ye sab lakshan tamogun ki vriddhi ke samay utpann hote hai, atev inamean se koee sa bhi lakshan apane mean dekha jaye, tab manushy ko samajhana chahiye ki tamogun badha hua hai.
  9. is prakaran mean aise manushy ki gati ka niroopan kiya jata hai, jisaki svabhavik sthiti doosare gunoan mean hote hue bhi sattvik gun vriddhi mean mrityu ho jati hai. aise manushy mean jis samay poorv sanskar adi kisi karan se sattvagun badh jata hai- arthat jis samay gyarahavean shlok ke varnananusar usake samast sharir, indriy aur antahkaran mean ‘prakash’ aur ‘jnan’ utpann ho jata hai, us samay sthool sharir se man, indriyoan aur pranoan ke sahit jivatma sambandh vichchhed ho jana hi sattvagun ki vriddhi mean mrityu ko prapt hona hai.
  10. sattvik aur tamas purush bhi hriday mean jis samay barahavean shlok ke anusar lobh, pravritti adi rajas bhav badhe hue hote haian, us samay jo sthool sharir se man, indriyoan aur pramanoan ke sahit jivatma ka sambandh vichchhed ho jana hai- vahi rajogun ki vriddhi mean mrityu ko prapt hona hai.
  11. jis samay sattvik aur rajas purush ke bhi hriday mean terahavean shlok ke anusar aprakash apravritti aur pramad adi tamas bhav badhe hue hoan, us samay jo sthool sharir se man, indriyoan aur pranoan ke sahit jivatma ka sambandh vichchhed ho jana hai, vahi tamogun ki vriddhi mean mrityu ko prapt hona hai.
  12. jo shastravihit kartavy-karm nishkamabhav se kiye jate haian, un sattvik karmoan ke sanskaroan se antahkaran mean jo jnan vairagyadi nirmal bhavoan ka bar bar pradurbhav hota rahata hai aur marane ke bad jo duahkh aur doshoan se rahit divy prakashamay lokoan ki prapti hoti hai, vahi unaka ‘sattvik aur nirmal phal’ hai.
  13. jo karm bhogoan ki prapti ke liye ahankarapoovark bahut parishram ke sath kiye (gita 28/24), ve rajas hai. aise karmoan ke karate samay to parishramaroop duahkh hota hi hai, parantu usake bad bhi ve duahkh hi dete rahate haian. usake sanskaroan ke antahkaran mean bar bar bhog, kamana, lobh aur pravritti adi rajas bhav sphurit hote haian- jinase man vikshipt hokar ashaanti aur duahkhoan se bhar jata hai. un karmoan ke phalasvaroop jo bhog prapt hote haian, ve bhi ajnan sukharoop dikhane par bhi vastutah duahkh roop hi hote haian aur phal bhogane ke liye jo bar bar janm maran ke chakr mean p de rahana p data hai, vah to mahan duahkh hai hi.
  14. jo karm bina soche samajhe moorkhatavash kiye jate haian aur jinamean hiansa adi dosh bhare rahate haian (gita 28/25), ve ‘tamas’ hai. unake sanskaroan se antahkaran mean moh badhata hai aur marane ke bad jin yoniyoan me tamogun ki adhikata hai- aisi j dayoniyoan ki prapti hoti hai vahi usaka phal ‘ajnan’ hai.

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

   a    a    i    ee    u    oo    e    ai    o    au    aan    k    kh    g    gh    n    ch    chh    j    jh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    t    th    d    dh    n    p    ph    b    bh    m    y    r    l    v    sh    sh    s    h    ksh    tr    jn    rri    rri    aau    shr    aah